fix: allow selecting all rows and columns by clicking on top left corner

This shows the time in different timezones

.github/workflows/npm.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+name: nodejs
+env:
+  DEBUG: napi:*
+  APP_NAME: nodejs
+  MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: '10.13'
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+  id-token: write
+'on':
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      publish:
+        description: "Publish to npm"
+        required: true
+        type: boolean
+defaults:
+  run:
+    working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+jobs:
+  build:
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        settings:
+          - host: macos-latest
+            target: x86_64-apple-darwin
+            build: yarn build --target x86_64-apple-darwin
+          - host: windows-latest
+            build: yarn build --target x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
+            target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+            docker: ghcr.io/napi-rs/napi-rs/nodejs-rust:lts-debian
+            build: yarn build --target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
+            docker: ghcr.io/napi-rs/napi-rs/nodejs-rust:lts-alpine
+            build: yarn build --target x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
+          - host: macos-latest
+            target: aarch64-apple-darwin
+            build: yarn build --target aarch64-apple-darwin
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
+            docker: ghcr.io/napi-rs/napi-rs/nodejs-rust:lts-debian-aarch64
+            build: yarn build --target aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf
+            setup: |
+              sudo apt-get update
+              sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf -y
+            build: yarn build --target armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: armv7-unknown-linux-musleabihf
+            build: yarn build --target armv7-unknown-linux-musleabihf
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: aarch64-linux-android
+            build: yarn build --target aarch64-linux-android
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: armv7-linux-androideabi
+            build: yarn build --target armv7-linux-androideabi
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
+            docker: ghcr.io/napi-rs/napi-rs/nodejs-rust:lts-alpine
+            build: |-
+              set -e &&
+              rustup target add aarch64-unknown-linux-musl &&
+              yarn build --target aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
+          - host: windows-latest
+            target: aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
+            build: yarn build --target aarch64-pc-windows-msvc
+          - host: ubuntu-latest
+            target: riscv64gc-unknown-linux-gnu
+            setup: |
+              sudo apt-get update
+              sudo apt-get install gcc-riscv64-linux-gnu -y
+            build: yarn build --target riscv64gc-unknown-linux-gnu
+    name: stable - ${{ matrix.settings.target }} - node@20
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.settings.host }}
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        if: ${{ !matrix.settings.docker }}
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+          cache: yarn
+          cache-dependency-path: "bindings/nodejs"
+      - name: Install
+        uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        if: ${{ !matrix.settings.docker }}
+        with:
+          toolchain: stable
+          targets: ${{ matrix.settings.target }}
+      - name: Cache cargo
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ~/.cargo/registry/index/
+            ~/.cargo/registry/cache/
+            ~/.cargo/git/db/
+            .cargo-cache
+            target/
+          key: ${{ matrix.settings.target }}-cargo-${{ matrix.settings.host }}
+      - uses: goto-bus-stop/setup-zig@v2
+        if: ${{ matrix.settings.target == 'armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf' || matrix.settings.target == 'armv7-unknown-linux-musleabihf' }}
+        with:
+          version: 0.13.0
+      - name: Setup toolchain
+        run: ${{ matrix.settings.setup }}
+        if: ${{ matrix.settings.setup }}
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: yarn install
+      - name: Build in docker
+        uses: addnab/docker-run-action@v3
+        if: ${{ matrix.settings.docker }}
+        with:
+          image: ${{ matrix.settings.docker }}
+          options: '--user 0:0 -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo-cache/git/db:/usr/local/cargo/git/db -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo/registry/cache:/usr/local/cargo/registry/cache -v ${{ github.workspace }}/.cargo/registry/index:/usr/local/cargo/registry/index -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/build -w /build/bindings/nodejs'
+          run: ${{ matrix.settings.build }}
+      - name: Build
+        run: ${{ matrix.settings.build }}
+        if: ${{ !matrix.settings.docker }}
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-${{ matrix.settings.target }}
+          path: bindings/nodejs/${{ env.APP_NAME }}.*.node
+          if-no-files-found: error
+  test-macOS-windows-binding:
+    name: Test bindings on ${{ matrix.settings.target }} - node@${{ matrix.node }}
+    needs:
+      - build
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        settings:
+          - host: macos-latest
+            target: x86_64-apple-darwin
+          - host: windows-latest
+            target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
+        node:
+          - '18'
+          - '20'
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.settings.host }}
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: ${{ matrix.node }}
+          cache: yarn
+          cache-dependency-path: "bindings/nodejs"
+          architecture: x64
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: yarn install
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-${{ matrix.settings.target }}
+          path: bindings/nodejs/
+      - name: List packages
+        run: ls -R .
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Test bindings
+        run: yarn test
+  test-linux-x64-gnu-binding:
+    name: Test bindings on Linux-x64-gnu - node@${{ matrix.node }}
+    needs:
+      - build
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        node:
+          - '18'
+          - '20'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: ${{ matrix.node }}
+          cache: yarn
+          cache-dependency-path: "bindings/nodejs"
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: yarn install
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+          path: bindings/nodejs/
+      - name: List packages
+        run: ls -R .
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Test bindings
+        run: docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/build -w /build/bindings/nodejs node:${{ matrix.node }}-slim yarn test
+  test-linux-x64-musl-binding:
+    name: Test bindings on x86_64-unknown-linux-musl - node@${{ matrix.node }}
+    needs:
+      - build
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        node:
+          - '18'
+          - '20'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: ${{ matrix.node }}
+          cache: yarn
+          cache-dependency-path: "bindings/nodejs"
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          yarn config set supportedArchitectures.libc "musl"
+          yarn install
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
+          path: bindings/nodejs/
+      - name: List packages
+        run: ls -R .
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Test bindings
+        run: docker run --rm -v $(pwd):/build -w /build/bindings/nodejs node:${{ matrix.node }}-alpine yarn test
+  test-linux-aarch64-gnu-binding:
+    name: Test bindings on aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu - node@${{ matrix.node }}
+    needs:
+      - build
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        node:
+          - '18'
+          - '20'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
+          path: bindings/nodejs/
+      - name: List packages
+        run: ls -R .
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          yarn config set supportedArchitectures.cpu "arm64"
+          yarn config set supportedArchitectures.libc "glibc"
+          yarn install
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        with:
+          platforms: arm64
+      - run: docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
+      - name: Setup and run tests
+        uses: addnab/docker-run-action@v3
+        with:
+          image: node:${{ matrix.node }}-slim
+          options: '--platform linux/arm64 -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/build -w /build/bindings/nodejs'
+          run: |
+            set -e
+            yarn test
+            ls -la
+  test-linux-aarch64-musl-binding:
+    name: Test bindings on aarch64-unknown-linux-musl - node@${{ matrix.node }}
+    needs:
+      - build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl
+          path: bindings/nodejs/
+      - name: List packages
+        run: ls -R .
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          yarn config set supportedArchitectures.cpu "arm64"
+          yarn config set supportedArchitectures.libc "musl"
+          yarn install
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        with:
+          platforms: arm64
+      - run: docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
+      - name: Setup and run tests
+        uses: addnab/docker-run-action@v3
+        with:
+          image: node:lts-alpine
+          options: '--platform linux/arm64 -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/build -w /build/bindings/nodejs'
+          run: |
+            set -e
+            yarn test
+  test-linux-arm-gnueabihf-binding:
+    name: Test bindings on armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf - node@${{ matrix.node }}
+    needs:
+      - build
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        node:
+          - '18'
+          - '20'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-armv7-unknown-linux-gnueabihf
+          path: bindings/nodejs/
+      - name: List packages
+        run: ls -R .
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          yarn config set supportedArchitectures.cpu "arm"
+          yarn install
+      - name: Set up QEMU
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3
+        with:
+          platforms: arm
+      - run: docker run --rm --privileged multiarch/qemu-user-static --reset -p yes
+      - name: Setup and run tests
+        uses: addnab/docker-run-action@v3
+        with:
+          image: node:${{ matrix.node }}-bullseye-slim
+          options: '--platform linux/arm/v7 -v ${{ github.workspace }}:/build -w /build/bindings/nodejs'
+          run: |
+            set -e
+            yarn test
+            ls -la
+  universal-macOS:
+    name: Build universal macOS binary
+    needs:
+      - build
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+          cache: yarn
+          cache-dependency-path: "bindings/nodejs"
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: yarn install
+      - name: Download macOS x64 artifact
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-x86_64-apple-darwin
+          path: bindings/nodejs/artifacts
+      - name: Download macOS arm64 artifact
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-aarch64-apple-darwin
+          path: bindings/nodejs/artifacts
+      - name: Combine binaries
+        run: yarn universal
+      - name: Upload artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: bindings-universal-apple-darwin
+          path: bindings/nodejs/${{ env.APP_NAME }}.*.node
+          if-no-files-found: error
+  publish:
+    name: Publish
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: ./bindings/nodejs
+    needs:
+      - test-macOS-windows-binding
+      - test-linux-x64-gnu-binding
+      - test-linux-x64-musl-binding
+      - test-linux-aarch64-gnu-binding
+      - test-linux-aarch64-musl-binding
+      - test-linux-arm-gnueabihf-binding
+      - universal-macOS
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - name: Setup node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+          cache: yarn
+          cache-dependency-path: "bindings/nodejs"
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: yarn install
+      - name: Download all artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          path: bindings/nodejs/artifacts
+      - name: Move artifacts
+        run: yarn artifacts
+      - name: List packages
+        run: ls -R ./npm
+        shell: bash
+      - name: Publish
+        run: |
+          echo "${{ github.event.inputs.publish }}"
+          if [ "${{ github.event.inputs.publish }}" = "true" ]; then
+            echo "//registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken=$NPM_TOKEN" >> ~/.npmrc
+            npm publish --access public
+            echo "Published to npm"
+          else
+            echo "Not a release, skipping publish"
+          fi
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          NPM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.NPM_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/pypi.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+name: Upload component to Python Package Index
+
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      release:
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+        required: false
+        description: "Release? If false, publish to test.pypi.org, if true, publish to pypi.org"
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  linux:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        target: [x86_64, x86, aarch64, armv7, s390x, ppc64le]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.10'
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --find-interpreter
+          sccache: 'true'
+          manylinux: auto
+          working-directory: bindings/python
+      - name: Upload wheels
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: wheels-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.target }}
+          path: bindings/python/dist
+
+  windows:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        target: [x64, x86]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.10'
+          architecture: ${{ matrix.target }}
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --find-interpreter
+          sccache: 'true'
+          working-directory: bindings/python
+      - name: Upload wheels
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: wheels-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.target }}
+          path: bindings/python/dist
+
+  macos:
+    runs-on: macos-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        target: [x86_64, aarch64]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.10'
+      - name: Build wheels
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
+          args: --release --out dist --find-interpreter
+          sccache: 'true'
+          working-directory: bindings/python
+      - name: Upload wheels
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: wheels-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.target }}
+          path: bindings/python/dist
+
+  sdist:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Build sdist
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
+        with:
+          command: sdist
+          args: --out dist
+          working-directory: bindings/python
+      - name: Upload sdist
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: wheels-${{ runner.os }}-sdist
+          path: bindings/python/dist
+
+  publish-to-test-pypi:
+    if: ${{ github.event.inputs.release != 'true' }}
+    name: >-
+        Publish Python 🐍 distribution 📦 to Test PyPI
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [linux, windows, macos, sdist]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          path: bindings/python/
+      - name: Publish distribution 📦 to Test PyPI
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
+        env:
+          MATURIN_PYPI_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.PYPI_TEST_API_TOKEN }}
+          MATURIN_REPOSITORY_URL: "https://test.pypi.org/legacy/"
+        with:
+          command: upload
+          args: "--skip-existing **/*.whl **/*.tar.gz"
+          working-directory: bindings/python
+
+  publish-pypi:
+    if: ${{ github.event.inputs.release == 'true' }}
+    name: >-
+        Publish Python 🐍 distribution 📦 to PyPI
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: [linux, windows, macos, sdist]
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          path: bindings/python/
+      - name: Publish distribution 📦 to PyPI
+        uses: PyO3/maturin-action@v1
+        env:
+          MATURIN_PYPI_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.PYPI_API_TOKEN }}
+          MATURIN_REPOSITORY_URL: "https://upload.pypi.org/legacy/"
+        with:
+          command: upload
+          args: "--skip-existing **/*.whl **/*.tar.gz"
+          working-directory: bindings/python

.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 target/*
-.DS_Store
+**/node_modules/**
+.DS_Store

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -7,12 +7,21 @@
 - New function UNICODE ([#128](https://github.com/ironcalc/IronCalc/pull/128))
 - New document server (Thanks Dani!)
 - New function FORMULATEXT
+- Name Manager ([#212](https://github.com/ironcalc/IronCalc/pull/212) [#220](https://github.com/ironcalc/IronCalc/pull/220))
+- Add context menu. We can now insert rows and columns. Freeze and unfreeze rows and columns. Delete rows and columns [#271]
+- Add nodejs bindings [#254]
+- Add python bindings for all platforms
+- Add is split into the product and widget
+- Add Python documentation [#260]
 
 ### Fixed
 
 - Fixed several issues with pasting content
 - Fixed several issues with borders
 - Fixed bug where columns and rows could be resized to negative width and height, respectively
+- Undo/redo when add/delete sheet now works [#270]
+- Numerous small fixes
+- Multiple fixes to the documentation
 
 ## [0.2.0] - 2024-11-06 (The HN release)
 

Cargo.lock

@@ -43,6 +43,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "approx"
+version = "0.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "cab112f0a86d568ea0e627cc1d6be74a1e9cd55214684db5561995f6dad897c6"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "arrayvec"
 version = "0.7.6"
@@ -85,6 +94,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "bitflags"
+version = "2.8.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f68f53c83ab957f72c32642f3868eec03eb974d1fb82e453128456482613d36"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "block-buffer"
 version = "0.10.4"
@@ -210,6 +225,15 @@ version = "0.1.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "245097e9a4535ee1e3e3931fcfcd55a796a44c643e8596ff6566d68f09b87bbc"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "convert_case"
+version = "0.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ec182b0ca2f35d8fc196cf3404988fd8b8c739a4d270ff118a398feb0cbec1ca"
+dependencies = [
+ "unicode-segmentation",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "core-foundation-sys"
 version = "0.8.6"
@@ -271,6 +295,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "memchr",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ctor"
+version = "0.2.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "32a2785755761f3ddc1492979ce1e48d2c00d09311c39e4466429188f3dd6501"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "deranged"
 version = "0.3.11"
@@ -389,7 +423,7 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ironcalc"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.6.0"
 dependencies = [
  "bitcode",
  "chrono",
@@ -405,20 +439,31 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ironcalc_base"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.6.0"
 dependencies = [
  "bitcode",
  "chrono",
  "chrono-tz",
  "csv",
  "js-sys",
- "once_cell",
  "rand",
  "regex",
  "regex-lite",
  "ryu",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
+ "statrs",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ironcalc_nodejs"
+version = "0.6.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "ironcalc",
+ "napi",
+ "napi-build",
+ "napi-derive",
+ "serde",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -460,6 +505,16 @@ version = "0.2.153"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9c198f91728a82281a64e1f4f9eeb25d82cb32a5de251c6bd1b5154d63a8e7bd"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "libloading"
+version = "0.8.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fc2f4eb4bc735547cfed7c0a4922cbd04a4655978c09b54f1f7b228750664c34"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "windows-targets",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
 version = "0.4.21"
@@ -490,6 +545,65 @@ dependencies = [
  "adler",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "napi"
+version = "2.16.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "214f07a80874bb96a8433b3cdfc84980d56c7b02e1a0d7ba4ba0db5cef785e2b"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+ "ctor",
+ "napi-derive",
+ "napi-sys",
+ "once_cell",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "napi-build"
+version = "2.1.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "db836caddef23662b94e16bf1f26c40eceb09d6aee5d5b06a7ac199320b69b19"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "napi-derive"
+version = "2.16.13"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7cbe2585d8ac223f7d34f13701434b9d5f4eb9c332cccce8dee57ea18ab8ab0c"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "convert_case",
+ "napi-derive-backend",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "napi-derive-backend"
+version = "1.0.75"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1639aaa9eeb76e91c6ae66da8ce3e89e921cd3885e99ec85f4abacae72fc91bf"
+dependencies = [
+ "convert_case",
+ "once_cell",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "regex",
+ "semver",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "napi-sys"
+version = "2.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "427802e8ec3a734331fec1035594a210ce1ff4dc5bc1950530920ab717964ea3"
+dependencies = [
+ "libloading",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "num-conv"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -616,11 +730,10 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3"
-version = "0.22.3"
+version = "0.25.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "15ee168e30649f7f234c3d49ef5a7a6cbf5134289bc46c29ff3155fa3221c225"
+checksum = "f239d656363bcee73afef85277f1b281e8ac6212a1d42aa90e55b90ed43c47a4"
 dependencies = [
- "cfg-if",
  "indoc",
  "libc",
  "memoffset",
@@ -634,9 +747,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-build-config"
-version = "0.22.3"
+version = "0.25.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e61cef80755fe9e46bb8a0b8f20752ca7676dcc07a5277d8b7768c6172e529b3"
+checksum = "755ea671a1c34044fa165247aaf6f419ca39caa6003aee791a0df2713d8f1b6d"
 dependencies = [
  "once_cell",
  "target-lexicon",
@@ -644,9 +757,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-ffi"
-version = "0.22.3"
+version = "0.25.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "67ce096073ec5405f5ee2b8b31f03a68e02aa10d5d4f565eca04acc41931fa1c"
+checksum = "fc95a2e67091e44791d4ea300ff744be5293f394f1bafd9f78c080814d35956e"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "pyo3-build-config",
@@ -654,9 +767,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-macros"
-version = "0.22.3"
+version = "0.25.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2440c6d12bc8f3ae39f1e775266fa5122fd0c8891ce7520fa6048e683ad3de28"
+checksum = "a179641d1b93920829a62f15e87c0ed791b6c8db2271ba0fd7c2686090510214"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "pyo3-macros-backend",
@@ -666,9 +779,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyo3-macros-backend"
-version = "0.22.3"
+version = "0.25.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1be962f0e06da8f8465729ea2cb71a416d2257dff56cbe40a70d3e62a93ae5d1"
+checksum = "9dff85ebcaab8c441b0e3f7ae40a6963ecea8a9f5e74f647e33fcf5ec9a1e89e"
 dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -679,8 +792,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "pyroncalc"
-version = "0.1.2"
+version = "0.6.0"
 dependencies = [
+ "bitcode",
  "ironcalc",
  "pyo3",
  "serde",
@@ -767,6 +881,12 @@ version = "0.19.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3cd14fd5e3b777a7422cca79358c57a8f6e3a703d9ac187448d0daf220c2407f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rustversion"
+version = "1.0.21"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8a0d197bd2c9dc6e53b84da9556a69ba4cdfab8619eb41a8bd1cc2027a0f6b1d"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ryu"
 version = "1.0.17"
@@ -779,6 +899,12 @@ version = "1.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e1cf6437eb19a8f4a6cc0f7dca544973b0b78843adbfeb3683d1a94a0024a294"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "semver"
+version = "1.0.25"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f79dfe2d285b0488816f30e700a7438c5a73d816b5b7d3ac72fbc48b0d185e03"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "serde"
 version = "1.0.197"
@@ -849,6 +975,16 @@ version = "0.3.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "38b58827f4464d87d377d175e90bf58eb00fd8716ff0a62f80356b5e61555d0d"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "statrs"
+version = "0.18.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2a3fe7c28c6512e766b0874335db33c94ad7b8f9054228ae1c2abd47ce7d335e"
+dependencies = [
+ "approx",
+ "num-traits",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "subtle"
 version = "2.5.0"
@@ -868,9 +1004,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "target-lexicon"
-version = "0.12.16"
+version = "0.13.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "61c41af27dd6d1e27b1b16b489db798443478cef1f06a660c96db617ba5de3b1"
+checksum = "e502f78cdbb8ba4718f566c418c52bc729126ffd16baee5baa718cf25dd5a69a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "thiserror"
@@ -923,6 +1059,12 @@ version = "1.0.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "3354b9ac3fae1ff6755cb6db53683adb661634f67557942dea4facebec0fee4b"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-segmentation"
+version = "1.12.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f6ccf251212114b54433ec949fd6a7841275f9ada20dddd2f29e9ceea4501493"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "unindent"
 version = "0.2.3"
@@ -953,7 +1095,7 @@ checksum = "9c8d87e72b64a3b4db28d11ce29237c246188f4f51057d65a7eab63b7987e423"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm"
-version = "0.1.3"
+version = "0.6.0"
 dependencies = [
  "ironcalc_base",
  "serde",
@@ -964,23 +1106,24 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen"
-version = "0.2.92"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4be2531df63900aeb2bca0daaaddec08491ee64ceecbee5076636a3b026795a8"
+checksum = "1edc8929d7499fc4e8f0be2262a241556cfc54a0bea223790e71446f2aab1ef5"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
+ "once_cell",
+ "rustversion",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-backend"
-version = "0.2.92"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "614d787b966d3989fa7bb98a654e369c762374fd3213d212cfc0251257e747da"
+checksum = "2f0a0651a5c2bc21487bde11ee802ccaf4c51935d0d3d42a6101f98161700bc6"
 dependencies = [
  "bumpalo",
  "log",
- "once_cell",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
  "syn",
@@ -1001,9 +1144,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro"
-version = "0.2.92"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a1f8823de937b71b9460c0c34e25f3da88250760bec0ebac694b49997550d726"
+checksum = "7fe63fc6d09ed3792bd0897b314f53de8e16568c2b3f7982f468c0bf9bd0b407"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "wasm-bindgen-macro-support",
@@ -1011,9 +1154,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-macro-support"
-version = "0.2.92"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e94f17b526d0a461a191c78ea52bbce64071ed5c04c9ffe424dcb38f74171bb7"
+checksum = "8ae87ea40c9f689fc23f209965b6fb8a99ad69aeeb0231408be24920604395de"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -1024,9 +1167,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-shared"
-version = "0.2.92"
+version = "0.2.100"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "af190c94f2773fdb3729c55b007a722abb5384da03bc0986df4c289bf5567e96"
+checksum = "1a05d73b933a847d6cccdda8f838a22ff101ad9bf93e33684f39c1f5f0eece3d"
+dependencies = [
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasm-bindgen-test"

Cargo.toml

@@ -6,10 +6,12 @@ members = [
   "xlsx",
   "bindings/wasm",
   "bindings/python",
+  "bindings/nodejs",
 ]
 
 exclude = [
   "generate_locale",
+  "webapp/app.ironcalc.com/server",
 ]
 
 [profile.release]

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+FROM rust:latest AS builder
+
+WORKDIR /app
+COPY . .
+
+# Tools + wasm toolchain + Node via nvm
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+      bash curl ca-certificates make \
+    && rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown \
+    && cargo install wasm-pack \
+    && bash -lc "curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.3/install.sh | bash -" \
+    && bash -lc '\
+         export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm" && \
+         source "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" && \
+         nvm install 22 && nvm alias default 22 && \
+         nroot="$NVM_DIR/versions/node/$(nvm version default)/bin" && \
+         ln -sf "$nroot/node" /usr/local/bin/node && \
+         ln -sf "$nroot/npm"  /usr/local/bin/npm  && \
+         ln -sf "$nroot/npx"  /usr/local/bin/npx \
+       ' \
+    && npm install typescript \
+    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# build the server
+RUN cargo build --release --manifest-path webapp/app.ironcalc.com/server/Cargo.toml
+
+# build the wasm
+RUN make -C bindings/wasm
+
+# build the widget
+WORKDIR /app/webapp/IronCalc
+RUN npm install && npm run build
+
+# build the frontend app
+WORKDIR /app/webapp/app.ironcalc.com/frontend
+RUN npm install && npm run build
+
+# build the xlsx_2_icalc binary (we don't need the release version here)
+WORKDIR /app/xlsx
+RUN cargo build
+
+WORKDIR /app
+# copy the artifacts to a dist/ directory
+RUN mkdir dist
+RUN mkdir dist/frontend
+RUN cp -r webapp/app.ironcalc.com/frontend/dist/* dist/frontend/
+RUN mkdir dist/server
+RUN cp webapp/app.ironcalc.com/server/target/release/ironcalc_server dist/server/
+RUN cp webapp/app.ironcalc.com/server/Rocket.toml dist/server/
+RUN cp webapp/app.ironcalc.com/server/ironcalc.sqlite dist/server/
+
+# Create ic files in docs
+RUN mkdir -p dist/frontend/models
+
+# Loop over all xlsx files in xlsx/tests/docs & templates and convert them to .ic
+RUN bash -lc 'set -euo pipefail; \
+  mkdir -p dist/frontend/models; \
+  shopt -s nullglob; \
+  for xlsx_file in xlsx/tests/docs/*.xlsx; do \
+    base_name="${xlsx_file##*/}"; base_name="${base_name%.xlsx}"; \
+    ./target/debug/xlsx_2_icalc "$xlsx_file" "dist/frontend/models/${base_name}.ic"; \
+  done; \
+  for xlsx_file in xlsx/tests/templates/*.xlsx; do \
+    base_name="${xlsx_file##*/}"; base_name="${base_name%.xlsx}"; \
+    ./target/debug/xlsx_2_icalc "$xlsx_file" "dist/frontend/models/${base_name}.ic"; \
+  done'
+
+# ---------- server runtime ----------
+FROM debian:bookworm-slim AS server-runtime
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates && \
+    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+WORKDIR /app
+# Copy EVERYTHING you put in dist/server (binary + Rocket.toml + DB)
+COPY --from=builder /app/dist/server/ ./
+# Make sure Rocket binds to the container IP; explicitly point to the config file
+ENV ROCKET_ADDRESS=0.0.0.0 \
+    ROCKET_PORT=8000 \
+    ROCKET_CONFIG=/app/Rocket.toml
+EXPOSE 8000
+# Run from /app so relative paths in Rocket.toml/DB work
+CMD ["./ironcalc_server"]
+
+# ---------- caddy runtime (serves frontend + reverse-proxy /api) ----------
+FROM caddy:latest AS caddy-runtime
+
+WORKDIR /srv
+
+# Copy the frontend build output to /srv
+COPY --from=builder /app/dist/frontend/ /srv/
+
+# Copy the Caddyfile
+COPY --from=builder /app/webapp/app.ironcalc.com/Caddyfile.compose /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
+

Makefile

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 lint:
 	cargo fmt -- --check
 	cargo clippy --all-targets --all-features -- -W clippy::unwrap_used -W clippy::expect_used -W clippy::panic -D warnings
-	cd webapp && npm install && npm run check
+	cd webapp/IronCalc/ && npm install && npm run check
+	cd webapp/app.ironcalc.com/frontend/ && npm install && npm run check
 
 .PHONY: format
 format:
@@ -15,7 +16,7 @@ tests: lint
 	# Regretabbly we need to build the wasm twice, once for the nodejs tests
 	# and a second one for the vitest.
 	cd bindings/wasm/ && wasm-pack build --target nodejs && node tests/test.mjs && make
-	cd webapp && npm run test
+	cd webapp/IronCalc/ && npm run test
 	cd bindings/python && ./run_tests.sh && ./run_examples.sh
 
 .PHONY: remove-artifacts

README.md

@@ -31,7 +31,17 @@ This repository contains the main engine and the xlsx reader and writer.
 
 Programmed in Rust, you will be able to use it from a variety of programming languages like Python, JavaScript (wasm), nodejs and possibly R, Julia or Go.
 
-We will build different _skins_: in the terminal, as a desktop application or use it in you own web application.
+We will build different _skins_: in the terminal, as a desktop application or use it in your own web application.
+
+# Docker
+
+If you have docker installed just run:
+
+```bash
+docker compose up --build
+```
+
+head over to <http://localhost:2080> to test the application.
 
 # Building
 
@@ -77,14 +87,14 @@ And visit <http://0.0.0.0:8000/ironcalc/>
 Add the dependency to `Cargo.toml`:
 ```toml
 [dependencies]
-ironcalc = { git = "https://github.com/ironcalc/IronCalc", version = "0.1"}
+ironcalc = { git = "https://github.com/ironcalc/IronCalc", version = "0.5"}
 ```
 
 And then use this code in `main.rs`:
 
 ```rust
 use ironcalc::{
-    base::{expressions::utils::number_to_column, model::Model},
+    base::{expressions::utils::number_to_column, Model},
     export::save_to_xlsx,
 };
 

base/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 [package]
 name = "ironcalc_base"
-version = "0.2.0"
+version = "0.6.0"
 authors = ["Nicolás Hatcher <nicolas@theuniverse.today>"]
 edition = "2021"
 homepage = "https://www.ironcalc.com"
 repository = "https://github.com/ironcalc/ironcalc/"
-description = "The democratization of spreadsheets"
+description = "Open source spreadsheet engine"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 readme = "README.md"
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@ chrono = "0.4"
 chrono-tz = "0.10"
 regex = { version = "1.0", optional = true}
 regex-lite = { version = "0.1.6", optional = true}
-once_cell = "1.16.0"
 bitcode = "0.6.3"
 csv = "1.3.0"
+statrs = { version = "0.18.0", default-features = false, features = [] }
 
 [features]
 default = ["use_regex_full"]

base/src/actions.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use crate::constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW};
-use crate::expressions::parser::stringify::DisplaceData;
+use crate::expressions::parser::stringify::{to_string, to_string_displaced, DisplaceData};
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceRC;
 use crate::model::Model;
 
 // NOTE: There is a difference with Excel behaviour when deleting cells/rows/columns
@@ -8,16 +9,45 @@ use crate::model::Model;
 // I feel this is unimportant for now.
 
 impl Model {
+    fn shift_cell_formula(
+        &mut self,
+        sheet: u32,
+        row: i32,
+        column: i32,
+        displace_data: &DisplaceData,
+    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+        if let Some(f) = self
+            .workbook
+            .worksheet(sheet)?
+            .cell(row, column)
+            .and_then(|c| c.get_formula())
+        {
+            let node = &self.parsed_formulas[sheet as usize][f as usize].clone();
+            let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+                sheet: self.workbook.worksheets[sheet as usize].get_name(),
+                row,
+                column,
+            };
+            // FIXME: This is not a very performant way if the formula has changed :S.
+            let formula = to_string(node, &cell_reference);
+            let formula_displaced = to_string_displaced(node, &cell_reference, displace_data);
+            if formula != formula_displaced {
+                self.update_cell_with_formula(sheet, row, column, format!("={formula_displaced}"))?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
     /// This function iterates over all cells in the model and shifts their formulas according to the displacement data.
     ///
     /// # Arguments
     ///
     /// * `displace_data` - A reference to `DisplaceData` describing the displacement's direction and magnitude.
-    fn displace_cells(&mut self, displace_data: &DisplaceData) {
+    fn displace_cells(&mut self, displace_data: &DisplaceData) -> Result<(), String> {
         let cells = self.get_all_cells();
         for cell in cells {
-            self.shift_cell_formula(cell.index, cell.row, cell.column, displace_data);
+            self.shift_cell_formula(cell.index, cell.row, cell.column, displace_data)?;
         }
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     /// Retrieves the column indices for a specific row in a given sheet, sorted in ascending or descending order.
@@ -134,7 +164,34 @@ impl Model {
                 column,
                 delta: column_count,
             }),
-        );
+        )?;
+
+        // In the list of columns:
+        // * Keep all the columns to the left
+        // * Displace all the columns to the right
+
+        let worksheet = &mut self.workbook.worksheet_mut(sheet)?;
+
+        let mut new_columns = Vec::new();
+        for col in worksheet.cols.iter_mut() {
+            // range under study
+            let min = col.min;
+            let max = col.max;
+            if column > max {
+                // If the range under study is to our left, this is a noop
+            } else if column <= min {
+                // If the range under study is to our right, we displace it
+                col.min = min + column_count;
+                col.max = max + column_count;
+            } else {
+                // If the range under study is in the middle we augment it
+                col.max = max + column_count;
+            }
+            new_columns.push(col.clone());
+        }
+        // TODO: If in a row the cell to the right and left have the same style we should copy it
+
+        worksheet.cols = new_columns;
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -155,6 +212,12 @@ impl Model {
         if column_count <= 0 {
             return Err("Please use insert columns instead".to_string());
         }
+        if !(1..=LAST_COLUMN).contains(&column) {
+            return Err(format!("Column number '{column}' is not valid."));
+        }
+        if column + column_count - 1 > LAST_COLUMN {
+            return Err("Cannot delete columns beyond the last column of the sheet".to_string());
+        }
 
         // first column being deleted
         let column_start = column;
@@ -187,7 +250,7 @@ impl Model {
                 column,
                 delta: -column_count,
             }),
-        );
+        )?;
         let worksheet = &mut self.workbook.worksheet_mut(sheet)?;
 
         // deletes all the column styles
@@ -311,7 +374,7 @@ impl Model {
                 row,
                 delta: row_count,
             }),
-        );
+        )?;
 
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -327,6 +390,13 @@ impl Model {
         if row_count <= 0 {
             return Err("Please use insert rows instead".to_string());
         }
+        if !(1..=LAST_ROW).contains(&row) {
+            return Err(format!("Row number '{row}' is not valid."));
+        }
+        if row + row_count - 1 > LAST_ROW {
+            return Err("Cannot delete rows beyond the last row of the sheet".to_string());
+        }
+
         // Move cells
         let worksheet = &self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?;
         let mut all_rows: Vec<i32> = worksheet.sheet_data.keys().copied().collect();
@@ -372,7 +442,7 @@ impl Model {
                 row,
                 delta: -row_count,
             }),
-        );
+        )?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -387,23 +457,86 @@ impl Model {
     ///    * Column is one of the extremes of the range. The new extreme would be target_column.
     ///      Range is then normalized
     ///    * Any other case, range is left unchanged.
-    ///      NOTE: This does NOT move the data in the columns or move the colum styles
+    ///      NOTE: This moves the data and column styles along with the formulas
     pub fn move_column_action(
         &mut self,
         sheet: u32,
         column: i32,
         delta: i32,
-    ) -> Result<(), &'static str> {
+    ) -> Result<(), String> {
         // Check boundaries
         let target_column = column + delta;
         if !(1..=LAST_COLUMN).contains(&target_column) {
-            return Err("Target column out of boundaries");
+            return Err("Target column out of boundaries".to_string());
         }
         if !(1..=LAST_COLUMN).contains(&column) {
-            return Err("Initial column out of boundaries");
+            return Err("Initial column out of boundaries".to_string());
         }
 
-        // TODO: Add the actual displacement of data and styles
+        if delta == 0 {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        // Preserve cell contents, width and style of the column being moved
+        let original_refs = self
+            .workbook
+            .worksheet(sheet)?
+            .column_cell_references(column)?;
+        let mut original_cells = Vec::new();
+        for r in &original_refs {
+            let cell = self
+                .workbook
+                .worksheet(sheet)?
+                .cell(r.row, column)
+                .ok_or("Expected Cell to exist")?;
+            let style_idx = cell.get_style();
+            let formula_or_value = self
+                .get_cell_formula(sheet, r.row, column)?
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| cell.get_text(&self.workbook.shared_strings, &self.language));
+            original_cells.push((r.row, formula_or_value, style_idx));
+            self.cell_clear_all(sheet, r.row, column)?;
+        }
+
+        let width = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.get_column_width(column)?;
+        let style = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.get_column_style(column)?;
+
+        if delta > 0 {
+            for c in column + 1..=target_column {
+                let refs = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.column_cell_references(c)?;
+                for r in refs {
+                    self.move_cell(sheet, r.row, c, r.row, c - 1)?;
+                }
+
+                let w = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.get_column_width(c)?;
+                let s = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.get_column_style(c)?;
+                self.workbook
+                    .worksheet_mut(sheet)?
+                    .set_column_width_and_style(c - 1, w, s)?;
+            }
+        } else {
+            for c in (target_column..=column - 1).rev() {
+                let refs = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.column_cell_references(c)?;
+                for r in refs {
+                    self.move_cell(sheet, r.row, c, r.row, c + 1)?;
+                }
+
+                let w = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.get_column_width(c)?;
+                let s = self.workbook.worksheet(sheet)?.get_column_style(c)?;
+                self.workbook
+                    .worksheet_mut(sheet)?
+                    .set_column_width_and_style(c + 1, w, s)?;
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (r, value, style_idx) in original_cells {
+            self.set_user_input(sheet, r, target_column, value)?;
+            self.workbook
+                .worksheet_mut(sheet)?
+                .set_cell_style(r, target_column, style_idx)?;
+        }
+        self.workbook
+            .worksheet_mut(sheet)?
+            .set_column_width_and_style(target_column, width, style)?;
 
         // Update all formulas in the workbook
         self.displace_cells(
@@ -412,7 +545,91 @@ impl Model {
                 column,
                 delta,
             }),
-        );
+        )?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Displaces cells due to a move row action
+    /// from initial_row to target_row = initial_row + row_delta
+    /// References will be updated following the same rules as move_column_action
+    /// NOTE: This moves the data and row styles along with the formulas
+    pub fn move_row_action(&mut self, sheet: u32, row: i32, delta: i32) -> Result<(), String> {
+        // Check boundaries
+        let target_row = row + delta;
+        if !(1..=LAST_ROW).contains(&target_row) {
+            return Err("Target row out of boundaries".to_string());
+        }
+        if !(1..=LAST_ROW).contains(&row) {
+            return Err("Initial row out of boundaries".to_string());
+        }
+
+        if delta == 0 {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        let original_cols = self.get_columns_for_row(sheet, row, false)?;
+        let mut original_cells = Vec::new();
+        for c in &original_cols {
+            let cell = self
+                .workbook
+                .worksheet(sheet)?
+                .cell(row, *c)
+                .ok_or("Expected Cell to exist")?;
+            let style_idx = cell.get_style();
+            let formula_or_value = self
+                .get_cell_formula(sheet, row, *c)?
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| cell.get_text(&self.workbook.shared_strings, &self.language));
+            original_cells.push((*c, formula_or_value, style_idx));
+            self.cell_clear_all(sheet, row, *c)?;
+        }
+
+        if delta > 0 {
+            for r in row + 1..=target_row {
+                let cols = self.get_columns_for_row(sheet, r, false)?;
+                for c in cols {
+                    self.move_cell(sheet, r, c, r - 1, c)?;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            for r in (target_row..=row - 1).rev() {
+                let cols = self.get_columns_for_row(sheet, r, false)?;
+                for c in cols {
+                    self.move_cell(sheet, r, c, r + 1, c)?;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (c, value, style_idx) in original_cells {
+            self.set_user_input(sheet, target_row, c, value)?;
+            self.workbook
+                .worksheet_mut(sheet)?
+                .set_cell_style(target_row, c, style_idx)?;
+        }
+
+        let worksheet = &mut self.workbook.worksheet_mut(sheet)?;
+        let mut new_rows = Vec::new();
+        for r in worksheet.rows.iter() {
+            if r.r == row {
+                let mut nr = r.clone();
+                nr.r = target_row;
+                new_rows.push(nr);
+            } else if delta > 0 && r.r > row && r.r <= target_row {
+                let mut nr = r.clone();
+                nr.r -= 1;
+                new_rows.push(nr);
+            } else if delta < 0 && r.r < row && r.r >= target_row {
+                let mut nr = r.clone();
+                nr.r += 1;
+                new_rows.push(nr);
+            } else {
+                new_rows.push(r.clone());
+            }
+        }
+        worksheet.rows = new_rows;
+
+        // Update all formulas in the workbook
+        self.displace_cells(&(DisplaceData::RowMove { sheet, row, delta }))?;
 
         Ok(())
     }

base/src/arithmetic.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult,
+    cast::NumberOrArray,
+    expressions::{
+        parser::{ArrayNode, Node},
+        token::Error,
+        types::CellReferenceIndex,
+    },
+    model::Model,
+};
+
+/// Unify how we map booleans/strings to f64
+fn to_f64(value: &ArrayNode) -> Result<f64, Error> {
+    match value {
+        ArrayNode::Number(f) => Ok(*f),
+        ArrayNode::Boolean(b) => Ok(if *b { 1.0 } else { 0.0 }),
+        ArrayNode::String(s) => match s.parse::<f64>() {
+            Ok(f) => Ok(f),
+            Err(_) => Err(Error::VALUE),
+        },
+        ArrayNode::Error(err) => Err(err.clone()),
+    }
+}
+
+impl Model {
+    /// Applies `op` element‐wise for arrays/numbers.
+    pub(crate) fn handle_arithmetic(
+        &mut self,
+        left: &Node,
+        right: &Node,
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+        op: &dyn Fn(f64, f64) -> Result<f64, Error>,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        let l = match self.get_number_or_array(left, cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(s) => {
+                return s;
+            }
+        };
+        let r = match self.get_number_or_array(right, cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(s) => {
+                return s;
+            }
+        };
+        match (l, r) {
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            // Case 1: Both are numbers
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            (NumberOrArray::Number(f1), NumberOrArray::Number(f2)) => match op(f1, f2) {
+                Ok(x) => CalcResult::Number(x),
+                Err(Error::DIV) => CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::DIV,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Divide by 0".to_string(),
+                },
+                Err(Error::VALUE) => CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::VALUE,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid number".to_string(),
+                },
+                Err(e) => CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: e,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Unknown error".to_string(),
+                },
+            },
+
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            // Case 2: left is Number, right is Array
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            (NumberOrArray::Number(f1), NumberOrArray::Array(a2)) => {
+                let mut array = Vec::new();
+                for row in a2 {
+                    let mut data_row = Vec::new();
+                    for node in row {
+                        match to_f64(&node) {
+                            Ok(f2) => match op(f1, f2) {
+                                Ok(x) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Number(x)),
+                                Err(Error::DIV) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::DIV)),
+                                Err(Error::VALUE) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE)),
+                                Err(e) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(e)),
+                            },
+                            Err(err) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(err)),
+                        }
+                    }
+                    array.push(data_row);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array)
+            }
+
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            // Case 3: left is Array, right is Number
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            (NumberOrArray::Array(a1), NumberOrArray::Number(f2)) => {
+                let mut array = Vec::new();
+                for row in a1 {
+                    let mut data_row = Vec::new();
+                    for node in row {
+                        match to_f64(&node) {
+                            Ok(f1) => match op(f1, f2) {
+                                Ok(x) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Number(x)),
+                                Err(Error::DIV) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::DIV)),
+                                Err(Error::VALUE) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE)),
+                                Err(e) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(e)),
+                            },
+                            Err(err) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(err)),
+                        }
+                    }
+                    array.push(data_row);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array)
+            }
+
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            // Case 4: Both are arrays
+            // -----------------------------------------------------
+            (NumberOrArray::Array(a1), NumberOrArray::Array(a2)) => {
+                let n1 = a1.len();
+                let m1 = a1.first().map(|r| r.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+                let n2 = a2.len();
+                let m2 = a2.first().map(|r| r.len()).unwrap_or(0);
+                let n = n1.max(n2);
+                let m = m1.max(m2);
+
+                let mut array = Vec::new();
+                for i in 0..n {
+                    let row1 = a1.get(i);
+                    let row2 = a2.get(i);
+
+                    let mut data_row = Vec::new();
+                    for j in 0..m {
+                        let val1 = row1.and_then(|r| r.get(j));
+                        let val2 = row2.and_then(|r| r.get(j));
+
+                        match (val1, val2) {
+                            (Some(v1), Some(v2)) => match (to_f64(v1), to_f64(v2)) {
+                                (Ok(f1), Ok(f2)) => match op(f1, f2) {
+                                    Ok(x) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Number(x)),
+                                    Err(Error::DIV) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::DIV)),
+                                    Err(Error::VALUE) => {
+                                        data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE))
+                                    }
+                                    Err(e) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(e)),
+                                },
+                                (Err(e), _) | (_, Err(e)) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(e)),
+                            },
+                            // Mismatched dimensions => #VALUE!
+                            _ => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE)),
+                        }
+                    }
+                    array.push(data_row);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

base/src/calc_result.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::cmp::Ordering;
 
-use crate::expressions::{token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex};
+use crate::expressions::{parser::ArrayNode, token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex};
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct Range {
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ pub(crate) enum CalcResult {
     },
     EmptyCell,
     EmptyArg,
+    Array(Vec<Vec<ArrayNode>>),
 }
 
 impl CalcResult {

base/src/cast.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,103 @@
 use crate::{
     calc_result::{CalcResult, Range},
-    expressions::{parser::Node, token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex},
-    implicit_intersection::implicit_intersection,
+    expressions::{
+        parser::{ArrayNode, Node},
+        token::Error,
+        types::CellReferenceIndex,
+    },
+    formatter::format::parse_formatted_number,
     model::Model,
 };
 
+pub(crate) enum NumberOrArray {
+    Number(f64),
+    Array(Vec<Vec<ArrayNode>>),
+}
+
 impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn cast_number(&self, s: &str) -> Option<f64> {
+        match s.trim().parse::<f64>() {
+            Ok(f) => Some(f),
+            _ => {
+                let currency = &self.locale.currency.symbol;
+                let mut currencies = vec!["$", "€"];
+                if !currencies.iter().any(|e| *e == currency) {
+                    currencies.push(currency);
+                }
+                // Try to parse as a formatted number (e.g., dates, currencies, percentages)
+                if let Ok((v, _number_format)) = parse_formatted_number(s, &currencies) {
+                    return Some(v);
+                }
+                None
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    pub(crate) fn get_number_or_array(
+        &mut self,
+        node: &Node,
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> Result<NumberOrArray, CalcResult> {
+        match self.evaluate_node_in_context(node, cell) {
+            CalcResult::Number(f) => Ok(NumberOrArray::Number(f)),
+            CalcResult::String(s) => match self.cast_number(&s) {
+                Some(f) => Ok(NumberOrArray::Number(f)),
+                None => Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Expecting number".to_string(),
+                )),
+            },
+            CalcResult::Boolean(f) => {
+                if f {
+                    Ok(NumberOrArray::Number(1.0))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(NumberOrArray::Number(0.0))
+                }
+            }
+            CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => Ok(NumberOrArray::Number(0.0)),
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                let sheet = left.sheet;
+                if sheet != right.sheet {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::ERROR,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "3D ranges are not allowed".to_string(),
+                    });
+                }
+                // we need to convert the range into an array
+                let mut array = Vec::new();
+                for row in left.row..=right.row {
+                    let mut row_data = Vec::new();
+                    for column in left.column..=right.column {
+                        let value =
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex { sheet, column, row }) {
+                                CalcResult::String(s) => ArrayNode::String(s),
+                                CalcResult::Number(f) => ArrayNode::Number(f),
+                                CalcResult::Boolean(b) => ArrayNode::Boolean(b),
+                                CalcResult::Error { error, .. } => ArrayNode::Error(error),
+                                CalcResult::Range { .. } => {
+                                    // if we do things right this can never happen.
+                                    // the evaluation of a cell should never return a range
+                                    ArrayNode::Number(0.0)
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::EmptyCell => ArrayNode::Number(0.0),
+                                CalcResult::EmptyArg => ArrayNode::Number(0.0),
+                                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                                    // if we do things right this can never happen.
+                                    // the evaluation of a cell should never return an array
+                                    ArrayNode::Number(0.0)
+                                }
+                            };
+                        row_data.push(value);
+                    }
+                    array.push(row_data);
+                }
+                Ok(NumberOrArray::Array(array))
+            }
+            CalcResult::Array(s) => Ok(NumberOrArray::Array(s)),
+            error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => Err(error),
+        }
+    }
     pub(crate) fn get_number(
         &mut self,
         node: &Node,
@@ -15,16 +107,16 @@ impl Model {
         self.cast_to_number(result, cell)
     }
 
-    fn cast_to_number(
+    pub(crate) fn cast_to_number(
         &mut self,
         result: CalcResult,
         cell: CellReferenceIndex,
     ) -> Result<f64, CalcResult> {
         match result {
             CalcResult::Number(f) => Ok(f),
-            CalcResult::String(s) => match s.parse::<f64>() {
-                Ok(f) => Ok(f),
-                _ => Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+            CalcResult::String(s) => match self.cast_number(&s) {
+                Some(f) => Ok(f),
+                None => Err(CalcResult::new_error(
                     Error::VALUE,
                     cell,
                     "Expecting number".to_string(),
@@ -39,19 +131,16 @@ impl Model {
             }
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => Ok(0.0),
             error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => Err(error),
-            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                match implicit_intersection(&cell, &Range { left, right }) {
-                    Some(cell_reference) => {
-                        let result = self.evaluate_cell(cell_reference);
-                        self.cast_to_number(result, cell_reference)
-                    }
-                    None => Err(CalcResult::Error {
-                        error: Error::VALUE,
-                        origin: cell,
-                        message: "Invalid reference (number)".to_string(),
-                    }),
-                }
-            }
+            CalcResult::Range { .. } => Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            }),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            }),
         }
     }
 
@@ -88,7 +177,7 @@ impl Model {
         // FIXME: I think when casting a number we should convert it to_precision(x, 15)
         // See function Exact
         match result {
-            CalcResult::Number(f) => Ok(format!("{}", f)),
+            CalcResult::Number(f) => Ok(format!("{f}")),
             CalcResult::String(s) => Ok(s),
             CalcResult::Boolean(f) => {
                 if f {
@@ -99,19 +188,16 @@ impl Model {
             }
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => Ok("".to_string()),
             error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => Err(error),
-            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                match implicit_intersection(&cell, &Range { left, right }) {
-                    Some(cell_reference) => {
-                        let result = self.evaluate_cell(cell_reference);
-                        self.cast_to_string(result, cell_reference)
-                    }
-                    None => Err(CalcResult::Error {
-                        error: Error::VALUE,
-                        origin: cell,
-                        message: "Invalid reference (string)".to_string(),
-                    }),
-                }
-            }
+            CalcResult::Range { .. } => Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            }),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            }),
         }
     }
 
@@ -151,19 +237,16 @@ impl Model {
             CalcResult::Boolean(b) => Ok(b),
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => Ok(false),
             error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => Err(error),
-            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                match implicit_intersection(&cell, &Range { left, right }) {
-                    Some(cell_reference) => {
-                        let result = self.evaluate_cell(cell_reference);
-                        self.cast_to_bool(result, cell_reference)
-                    }
-                    None => Err(CalcResult::Error {
-                        error: Error::VALUE,
-                        origin: cell,
-                        message: "Invalid reference (bool)".to_string(),
-                    }),
-                }
-            }
+            CalcResult::Range { .. } => Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            }),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            }),
         }
     }
 

base/src/constants.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,17 @@ pub(crate) const DEFAULT_WINDOW_WIDTH: i64 = 800;
 pub(crate) const LAST_COLUMN: i32 = 16_384;
 pub(crate) const LAST_ROW: i32 = 1_048_576;
 
+// Excel uses 15 significant digits of precision for all numeric calculations.
+pub(crate) const EXCEL_PRECISION: usize = 15;
+
 // 693_594 is computed as:
 // NaiveDate::from_ymd(1900, 1, 1).num_days_from_ce() - 2
 // The 2 days offset is because of Excel 1900 bug
 pub(crate) const EXCEL_DATE_BASE: i32 = 693_594;
+
+// We do not support dates before 1899-12-31.
+pub(crate) const MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER: i32 = 1;
+
+// Excel can handle dates until the year 9999-12-31
+// 2958465 is the number of days from 1900-01-01 to 9999-12-31
+pub(crate) const MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER: i32 = 2_958_465;

base/src/diffs.rs

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-use crate::{
-    expressions::{
-        parser::{
-            move_formula::ref_is_in_area,
-            stringify::{to_string, to_string_displaced, DisplaceData},
-            walk::forward_references,
-        },
-        types::{Area, CellReferenceIndex, CellReferenceRC},
-    },
-    model::Model,
-};
-use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-#[serde(untagged, deny_unknown_fields)]
-pub enum CellValue {
-    Value(String),
-    None,
-}
-
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct SetCellValue {
-    cell: CellReferenceIndex,
-    new_value: CellValue,
-    old_value: CellValue,
-}
-
-impl Model {
-    #[allow(clippy::expect_used)]
-    pub(crate) fn shift_cell_formula(
-        &mut self,
-        sheet: u32,
-        row: i32,
-        column: i32,
-        displace_data: &DisplaceData,
-    ) {
-        if let Some(f) = self
-            .workbook
-            .worksheet(sheet)
-            .expect("Worksheet must exist")
-            .cell(row, column)
-            .expect("Cell must exist")
-            .get_formula()
-        {
-            let node = &self.parsed_formulas[sheet as usize][f as usize].clone();
-            let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
-                sheet: self.workbook.worksheets[sheet as usize].get_name(),
-                row,
-                column,
-            };
-            // FIXME: This is not a very performant way if the formula has changed :S.
-            let formula = to_string(node, &cell_reference);
-            let formula_displaced = to_string_displaced(node, &cell_reference, displace_data);
-            if formula != formula_displaced {
-                self.update_cell_with_formula(sheet, row, column, format!("={formula_displaced}"))
-                    .expect("Failed to shift cell formula");
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[allow(clippy::expect_used)]
-    pub fn forward_references(
-        &mut self,
-        source_area: &Area,
-        target: &CellReferenceIndex,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<SetCellValue>, String> {
-        let mut diff_list: Vec<SetCellValue> = Vec::new();
-        let target_area = &Area {
-            sheet: target.sheet,
-            row: target.row,
-            column: target.column,
-            width: source_area.width,
-            height: source_area.height,
-        };
-        // Walk over every formula
-        let cells = self.get_all_cells();
-        for cell in cells {
-            if let Some(f) = self
-                .workbook
-                .worksheet(cell.index)
-                .expect("Worksheet must exist")
-                .cell(cell.row, cell.column)
-                .expect("Cell must exist")
-                .get_formula()
-            {
-                let sheet = cell.index;
-                let row = cell.row;
-                let column = cell.column;
-
-                // If cell is in the source or target area, skip
-                if ref_is_in_area(sheet, row, column, source_area)
-                    || ref_is_in_area(sheet, row, column, target_area)
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                // Get the formula
-                // Get a copy of the AST
-                let node = &mut self.parsed_formulas[sheet as usize][f as usize].clone();
-                let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
-                    sheet: self.workbook.worksheets[sheet as usize].get_name(),
-                    column: cell.column,
-                    row: cell.row,
-                };
-                let context = CellReferenceIndex { sheet, column, row };
-                let formula = to_string(node, &cell_reference);
-                let target_sheet_name = &self.workbook.worksheets[target.sheet as usize].name;
-                forward_references(
-                    node,
-                    &context,
-                    source_area,
-                    target.sheet,
-                    target_sheet_name,
-                    target.row,
-                    target.column,
-                );
-
-                // If the string representation of the formula has changed update the cell
-                let updated_formula = to_string(node, &cell_reference);
-                if formula != updated_formula {
-                    self.update_cell_with_formula(
-                        sheet,
-                        row,
-                        column,
-                        format!("={updated_formula}"),
-                    )?;
-                    // Update the diff list
-                    diff_list.push(SetCellValue {
-                        cell: CellReferenceIndex { sheet, column, row },
-                        new_value: CellValue::Value(format!("={}", updated_formula)),
-                        old_value: CellValue::Value(format!("={}", formula)),
-                    });
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        Ok(diff_list)
-    }
-}

base/src/expressions/lexer/mod.rs

@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ impl Lexer {
     pub fn expect(&mut self, tk: TokenType) -> Result<()> {
         let nt = self.next_token();
         if mem::discriminant(&nt) != mem::discriminant(&tk) {
-            return Err(self.set_error(&format!("Error, expected {:?}", tk), self.position));
+            return Err(self.set_error(&format!("Error, expected {tk:?}"), self.position));
         }
         Ok(())
     }
@@ -187,6 +187,7 @@ impl Lexer {
                     ']' => TokenType::RightBracket,
                     ':' => TokenType::Colon,
                     ';' => TokenType::Semicolon,
+                    '@' => TokenType::At,
                     ',' => {
                         if self.locale.numbers.symbols.decimal == "," {
                             match self.consume_number(',') {
@@ -313,6 +314,9 @@ impl Lexer {
                             } else if name_upper == self.language.booleans.r#false {
                                 return TokenType::Boolean(false);
                             }
+                            if self.peek_char() == Some('(') {
+                                return TokenType::Ident(name);
+                            }
                             if self.mode == LexerMode::A1 {
                                 let parsed_reference = utils::parse_reference_a1(&name_upper);
                                 if parsed_reference.is_some()
@@ -510,7 +514,7 @@ impl Lexer {
         self.position = position;
         chars.parse::<i32>().map_err(|_| LexerError {
             position,
-            message: format!("Failed to parse to int: {}", chars),
+            message: format!("Failed to parse to int: {chars}"),
         })
     }
 
@@ -571,9 +575,7 @@ impl Lexer {
         }
         self.position = position;
         match chars.parse::<f64>() {
-            Err(_) => {
-                Err(self.set_error(&format!("Failed to parse to double: {}", chars), position))
-            }
+            Err(_) => Err(self.set_error(&format!("Failed to parse to double: {chars}"), position)),
             Ok(v) => Ok(v),
         }
     }

base/src/expressions/lexer/ranges.rs

@@ -148,15 +148,16 @@ impl Lexer {
                     let row_left = match row_left.parse::<i32>() {
                         Ok(n) => n,
                         Err(_) => {
-                            return Err(self
-                                .set_error(&format!("Failed parsing row {}", row_left), position))
+                            return Err(
+                                self.set_error(&format!("Failed parsing row {row_left}"), position)
+                            )
                         }
                     };
                     let row_right = match row_right.parse::<i32>() {
                         Ok(n) => n,
                         Err(_) => {
                             return Err(self
-                                .set_error(&format!("Failed parsing row {}", row_right), position))
+                                .set_error(&format!("Failed parsing row {row_right}"), position))
                         }
                     };
                     if row_left > LAST_ROW {

base/src/expressions/lexer/structured_references.rs

@@ -23,19 +23,19 @@ impl Lexer {
             // TODO(TD): There are better ways of doing this :)
             let rest_of_formula: String = self.chars[self.position..self.len].iter().collect();
             let specifier = if rest_of_formula.starts_with("#This Row]") {
-                self.position += "#This Row]".bytes().len();
+                self.position += "#This Row]".len();
                 TableSpecifier::ThisRow
             } else if rest_of_formula.starts_with("#All]") {
-                self.position += "#All]".bytes().len();
+                self.position += "#All]".len();
                 TableSpecifier::All
             } else if rest_of_formula.starts_with("#Data]") {
-                self.position += "#Data]".bytes().len();
+                self.position += "#Data]".len();
                 TableSpecifier::Data
             } else if rest_of_formula.starts_with("#Headers]") {
-                self.position += "#Headers]".bytes().len();
+                self.position += "#Headers]".len();
                 TableSpecifier::Headers
             } else if rest_of_formula.starts_with("#Totals]") {
-                self.position += "#Totals]".bytes().len();
+                self.position += "#Totals]".len();
                 TableSpecifier::Totals
             } else {
                 return Err(LexerError {

base/src/expressions/lexer/test/mod.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 mod test_common;
+mod test_implicit_intersection;
 mod test_language;
 mod test_locale;
 mod test_ranges;

base/src/expressions/lexer/test/test_common.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #![allow(clippy::unwrap_used)]
 
+use crate::expressions::utils::column_to_number;
 use crate::language::get_language;
 use crate::locale::get_locale;
 
@@ -685,3 +686,29 @@ fn test_comparisons() {
     assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), Number(7.0));
     assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), EOF);
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn test_log10_is_cell_reference() {
+    let mut lx = new_lexer("LOG10", true);
+    assert_eq!(
+        lx.next_token(),
+        Reference {
+            sheet: None,
+            column: column_to_number("LOG").unwrap(),
+            row: 10,
+            absolute_column: false,
+            absolute_row: false,
+        }
+    );
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), EOF);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_log10_is_function() {
+    let mut lx = new_lexer("LOG10(100)", true);
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), Ident("LOG10".to_string()));
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), LeftParenthesis);
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), Number(100.0));
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), RightParenthesis);
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), EOF);
+}

base/src/expressions/lexer/test/test_implicit_intersection.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#![allow(clippy::unwrap_used)]
+
+use crate::expressions::{
+    lexer::{Lexer, LexerMode},
+    token::TokenType::*,
+};
+use crate::language::get_language;
+use crate::locale::get_locale;
+
+fn new_lexer(formula: &str) -> Lexer {
+    let locale = get_locale("en").unwrap();
+    let language = get_language("en").unwrap();
+    Lexer::new(formula, LexerMode::A1, locale, language)
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn sum_implicit_intersection() {
+    let mut lx = new_lexer("sum(@A1:A3)");
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), Ident("sum".to_string()));
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), LeftParenthesis);
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), At);
+    assert!(matches!(lx.next_token(), Range { .. }));
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), RightParenthesis);
+    assert_eq!(lx.next_token(), EOF);
+}

base/src/expressions/parser/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*!
-# GRAMAR
+# GRAMMAR
 
 <pre class="rust">
 opComp   => '=' | '<' | '>' | '<=' } '>=' | '<>'
@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@ term    => factor (opFactor factor)*
 factor  => prod (opProd prod)*
 prod    => power ('^' power)*
 power   => (unaryOp)* range '%'*
-range   => primary (':' primary)?
+range   => implicit (':' primary)?
+implicit=> '@' primary | primary
 primary => '(' expr ')'
         => number
         => function '(' f_args ')'
@@ -45,8 +46,8 @@ use super::utils::number_to_column;
 use token::OpCompare;
 
 pub mod move_formula;
+pub mod static_analysis;
 pub mod stringify;
-pub mod walk;
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;
@@ -81,6 +82,9 @@ fn get_table_column_by_name(table_column_name: &str, table: &Table) -> Option<i3
     None
 }
 
+// DefinedNameS is a tuple with the name of the defined name, the index of the sheet and the formula
+pub type DefinedNameS = (String, Option<u32>, String);
+
 pub(crate) struct Reference<'a> {
     sheet_name: &'a Option<String>,
     sheet_index: u32,
@@ -90,6 +94,14 @@ pub(crate) struct Reference<'a> {
     column: i32,
 }
 
+#[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
+pub enum ArrayNode {
+    Boolean(bool),
+    Number(f64),
+    String(String),
+    Error(token::Error),
+}
+
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum Node {
     BooleanKind(bool),
@@ -163,10 +175,14 @@ pub enum Node {
         name: String,
         args: Vec<Node>,
     },
-    ArrayKind(Vec<Node>),
-    DefinedNameKind((String, Option<u32>)),
+    ArrayKind(Vec<Vec<ArrayNode>>),
+    DefinedNameKind(DefinedNameS),
     TableNameKind(String),
     WrongVariableKind(String),
+    ImplicitIntersection {
+        automatic: bool,
+        child: Box<Node>,
+    },
     CompareKind {
         kind: OpCompare,
         left: Box<Node>,
@@ -189,7 +205,7 @@ pub enum Node {
 pub struct Parser {
     lexer: lexer::Lexer,
     worksheets: Vec<String>,
-    defined_names: Vec<(String, Option<u32>)>,
+    defined_names: Vec<DefinedNameS>,
     context: CellReferenceRC,
     tables: HashMap<String, Table>,
 }
@@ -197,7 +213,7 @@ pub struct Parser {
 impl Parser {
     pub fn new(
         worksheets: Vec<String>,
-        defined_names: Vec<(String, Option<u32>)>,
+        defined_names: Vec<DefinedNameS>,
         tables: HashMap<String, Table>,
     ) -> Parser {
         let lexer = lexer::Lexer::new(
@@ -228,7 +244,7 @@ impl Parser {
     pub fn set_worksheets_and_names(
         &mut self,
         worksheets: Vec<String>,
-        defined_names: Vec<(String, Option<u32>)>,
+        defined_names: Vec<DefinedNameS>,
     ) {
         self.worksheets = worksheets;
         self.defined_names = defined_names;
@@ -252,17 +268,17 @@ impl Parser {
 
     // Returns:
     //  * None: If there is no defined name by that name
-    //  * Some(Some(index)): If there is a defined name local to that sheet
+    //  * Some((Some(index), formula)): If there is a defined name local to that sheet
     //  * Some(None): If there is a global defined name
-    fn get_defined_name(&self, name: &str, sheet: u32) -> Option<Option<u32>> {
-        for (df_name, df_scope) in &self.defined_names {
+    fn get_defined_name(&self, name: &str, sheet: u32) -> Option<(Option<u32>, String)> {
+        for (df_name, df_scope, df_formula) in &self.defined_names {
             if name.to_lowercase() == df_name.to_lowercase() && df_scope == &Some(sheet) {
-                return Some(*df_scope);
+                return Some((*df_scope, df_formula.to_owned()));
             }
         }
-        for (df_name, df_scope) in &self.defined_names {
+        for (df_name, df_scope, df_formula) in &self.defined_names {
             if name.to_lowercase() == df_name.to_lowercase() && df_scope.is_none() {
-                return Some(None);
+                return Some((None, df_formula.to_owned()));
             }
         }
         None
@@ -411,7 +427,7 @@ impl Parser {
     }
 
     fn parse_range(&mut self) -> Node {
-        let t = self.parse_primary();
+        let t = self.parse_implicit();
         if let Node::ParseErrorKind { .. } = t {
             return t;
         }
@@ -430,6 +446,93 @@ impl Parser {
         t
     }
 
+    fn parse_implicit(&mut self) -> Node {
+        let next_token = self.lexer.peek_token();
+        if next_token == TokenType::At {
+            self.lexer.advance_token();
+            let t = self.parse_primary();
+            if let Node::ParseErrorKind { .. } = t {
+                return t;
+            }
+            return Node::ImplicitIntersection {
+                automatic: false,
+                child: Box::new(t),
+            };
+        }
+        self.parse_primary()
+    }
+
+    fn parse_array_row(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<ArrayNode>, Node> {
+        let mut row = Vec::new();
+        // and array can only have numbers, string or booleans
+        // otherwise it is a syntax error
+        let first_element = match self.parse_expr() {
+            Node::BooleanKind(s) => ArrayNode::Boolean(s),
+            Node::NumberKind(s) => ArrayNode::Number(s),
+            Node::StringKind(s) => ArrayNode::String(s),
+            Node::ErrorKind(kind) => ArrayNode::Error(kind),
+            Node::UnaryKind {
+                kind: OpUnary::Minus,
+                right,
+            } => {
+                if let Node::NumberKind(n) = *right {
+                    ArrayNode::Number(-n)
+                } else {
+                    return Err(Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                        formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                        message: "Invalid value in array".to_string(),
+                        position: self.lexer.get_position() as usize,
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+            error @ Node::ParseErrorKind { .. } => return Err(error),
+            _ => {
+                return Err(Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                    formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                    message: "Invalid value in array".to_string(),
+                    position: self.lexer.get_position() as usize,
+                });
+            }
+        };
+        row.push(first_element);
+        let mut next_token = self.lexer.peek_token();
+        // FIXME: this is not respecting the locale
+        while next_token == TokenType::Comma {
+            self.lexer.advance_token();
+            let value = match self.parse_expr() {
+                Node::BooleanKind(s) => ArrayNode::Boolean(s),
+                Node::NumberKind(s) => ArrayNode::Number(s),
+                Node::StringKind(s) => ArrayNode::String(s),
+                Node::ErrorKind(kind) => ArrayNode::Error(kind),
+                Node::UnaryKind {
+                    kind: OpUnary::Minus,
+                    right,
+                } => {
+                    if let Node::NumberKind(n) = *right {
+                        ArrayNode::Number(-n)
+                    } else {
+                        return Err(Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                            formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                            message: "Invalid value in array".to_string(),
+                            position: self.lexer.get_position() as usize,
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ Node::ParseErrorKind { .. } => return Err(error),
+                _ => {
+                    return Err(Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                        formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                        message: "Invalid value in array".to_string(),
+                        position: self.lexer.get_position() as usize,
+                    });
+                }
+            };
+            row.push(value);
+            next_token = self.lexer.peek_token();
+        }
+        Ok(row)
+    }
+
     fn parse_primary(&mut self) -> Node {
         let next_token = self.lexer.next_token();
         match next_token {
@@ -451,21 +554,35 @@ impl Parser {
             TokenType::Number(s) => Node::NumberKind(s),
             TokenType::String(s) => Node::StringKind(s),
             TokenType::LeftBrace => {
-                let t = self.parse_expr();
-                if let Node::ParseErrorKind { .. } = t {
-                    return t;
-                }
+                // It's an array. It's a collection of rows all of the same dimension
+
+                let first_row = match self.parse_array_row() {
+                    Ok(s) => s,
+                    Err(error) => return error,
+                };
+                let length = first_row.len();
+
+                let mut matrix = Vec::new();
+                matrix.push(first_row);
+                // FIXME: this is not respecting the locale
                 let mut next_token = self.lexer.peek_token();
-                let mut args: Vec<Node> = vec![t];
                 while next_token == TokenType::Semicolon {
                     self.lexer.advance_token();
-                    let p = self.parse_expr();
-                    if let Node::ParseErrorKind { .. } = p {
-                        return p;
-                    }
+                    let row = match self.parse_array_row() {
+                        Ok(s) => s,
+                        Err(error) => return error,
+                    };
                     next_token = self.lexer.peek_token();
-                    args.push(p);
+                    if row.len() != length {
+                        return Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                            formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                            position: self.lexer.get_position() as usize,
+                            message: "All rows in an array should be the same length".to_string(),
+                        };
+                    }
+                    matrix.push(row);
                 }
+
                 if let Err(err) = self.lexer.expect(TokenType::RightBrace) {
                     return Node::ParseErrorKind {
                         formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
@@ -473,7 +590,7 @@ impl Parser {
                         message: err.message,
                     };
                 }
-                Node::ArrayKind(args)
+                Node::ArrayKind(matrix)
             }
             TokenType::Reference {
                 sheet,
@@ -604,6 +721,20 @@ impl Parser {
                             args,
                         };
                     }
+                    if &name == "_xlfn.SINGLE" {
+                        if args.len() != 1 {
+                            return Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                                formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                                position: self.lexer.get_position() as usize,
+                                message: "Implicit Intersection requires just one argument"
+                                    .to_string(),
+                            };
+                        }
+                        return Node::ImplicitIntersection {
+                            automatic: false,
+                            child: Box::new(args[0].clone()),
+                        };
+                    }
                     return Node::InvalidFunctionKind { name, args };
                 }
                 let context = &self.context;
@@ -614,14 +745,14 @@ impl Parser {
                         return Node::ParseErrorKind {
                             formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
                             position: 0,
-                            message: "sheet not found".to_string(),
+                            message: format!("sheet not found: {}", context.sheet),
                         };
                     }
                 };
 
                 // Could be a defined name or a table
-                if let Some(scope) = self.get_defined_name(&name, context_sheet_index) {
-                    return Node::DefinedNameKind((name, scope));
+                if let Some((scope, formula)) = self.get_defined_name(&name, context_sheet_index) {
+                    return Node::DefinedNameKind((name, scope, formula));
                 }
                 let name_lower = name.to_lowercase();
                 for table_name in self.tables.keys() {
@@ -642,7 +773,38 @@ impl Parser {
                 position: 0,
                 message: "Unexpected end of input.".to_string(),
             },
-            TokenType::Boolean(value) => Node::BooleanKind(value),
+            TokenType::Boolean(value) => {
+                // Could be a function call "TRUE()"
+                let next_token = self.lexer.peek_token();
+                if next_token == TokenType::LeftParenthesis {
+                    self.lexer.advance_token();
+                    // We parse all the arguments, although technically this is moot
+                    // But is has the upside of transforming `=TRUE( 4 )` into `=TRUE(4)`
+                    let args = match self.parse_function_args() {
+                        Ok(s) => s,
+                        Err(e) => return e,
+                    };
+                    if let Err(err) = self.lexer.expect(TokenType::RightParenthesis) {
+                        return Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                            formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                            position: err.position,
+                            message: err.message,
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if value {
+                        return Node::FunctionKind {
+                            kind: Function::True,
+                            args,
+                        };
+                    } else {
+                        return Node::FunctionKind {
+                            kind: Function::False,
+                            args,
+                        };
+                    }
+                }
+                Node::BooleanKind(value)
+            }
             TokenType::Compare(_) => {
                 // A primary Node cannot start with an operator
                 Node::ParseErrorKind {
@@ -675,6 +837,14 @@ impl Parser {
                     message: "Unexpected token: 'POWER'".to_string(),
                 }
             }
+            TokenType::At => {
+                // A primary Node cannot start with an operator
+                Node::ParseErrorKind {
+                    formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
+                    position: 0,
+                    message: "Unexpected token: '@'".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
             TokenType::RightParenthesis
             | TokenType::RightBracket
             | TokenType::Colon
@@ -686,7 +856,7 @@ impl Parser {
             | TokenType::Percent => Node::ParseErrorKind {
                 formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
                 position: 0,
-                message: format!("Unexpected token: '{:?}'", next_token),
+                message: format!("Unexpected token: '{next_token:?}'"),
             },
             TokenType::LeftBracket => Node::ParseErrorKind {
                 formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
@@ -708,7 +878,7 @@ impl Parser {
                         return Node::ParseErrorKind {
                             formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
                             position: 0,
-                            message: "sheet not found".to_string(),
+                            message: format!("sheet not found: {}", context.sheet),
                         };
                     }
                 };
@@ -736,7 +906,7 @@ impl Parser {
                         return Node::ParseErrorKind {
                             formula: self.lexer.get_formula(),
                             position: 0,
-                            message: "sheet not found".to_string(),
+                            message: format!("table sheet not found: {}", table.sheet_name),
                         };
                     }
                 };

base/src/expressions/parser/move_formula.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use super::{
     stringify::{stringify_reference, DisplaceData},
-    Node, Reference,
+    ArrayNode, Node, Reference,
 };
 use crate::{
     constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW},
@@ -53,15 +53,24 @@ fn move_function(name: &str, args: &Vec<Node>, move_context: &MoveContext) -> St
             arguments = to_string_moved(el, move_context);
         }
     }
-    format!("{}({})", name, arguments)
+    format!("{name}({arguments})")
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn to_string_array_node(node: &ArrayNode) -> String {
+    match node {
+        ArrayNode::Boolean(value) => format!("{value}").to_ascii_uppercase(),
+        ArrayNode::Number(number) => to_excel_precision_str(*number),
+        ArrayNode::String(value) => format!("\"{value}\""),
+        ArrayNode::Error(kind) => format!("{kind}"),
+    }
 }
 
 fn to_string_moved(node: &Node, move_context: &MoveContext) -> String {
     use self::Node::*;
     match node {
-        BooleanKind(value) => format!("{}", value).to_ascii_uppercase(),
+        BooleanKind(value) => format!("{value}").to_ascii_uppercase(),
         NumberKind(number) => to_excel_precision_str(*number),
-        StringKind(value) => format!("\"{}\"", value),
+        StringKind(value) => format!("\"{value}\""),
         ReferenceKind {
             sheet_name,
             sheet_index,
@@ -232,7 +241,7 @@ fn to_string_moved(node: &Node, move_context: &MoveContext) -> String {
                 full_row,
                 full_column,
             );
-            format!("{}:{}", s1, s2)
+            format!("{s1}:{s2}")
         }
         WrongReferenceKind {
             sheet_name,
@@ -316,7 +325,7 @@ fn to_string_moved(node: &Node, move_context: &MoveContext) -> String {
                 full_row,
                 full_column,
             );
-            format!("{}:{}", s1, s2)
+            format!("{s1}:{s2}")
         }
         OpRangeKind { left, right } => format!(
             "{}:{}",
@@ -349,7 +358,7 @@ fn to_string_moved(node: &Node, move_context: &MoveContext) -> String {
                 }
                 _ => to_string_moved(right, move_context),
             };
-            format!("{}{}{}", x, kind, y)
+            format!("{x}{kind}{y}")
         }
         OpPowerKind { left, right } => format!(
             "{}^{}",
@@ -362,20 +371,41 @@ fn to_string_moved(node: &Node, move_context: &MoveContext) -> String {
             move_function(name, args, move_context)
         }
         ArrayKind(args) => {
-            // This code is a placeholder. Arrays are not yet implemented
-            let mut first = true;
-            let mut arguments = "".to_string();
-            for el in args {
-                if !first {
-                    arguments = format!("{},{}", arguments, to_string_moved(el, move_context));
+            let mut first_row = true;
+            let mut matrix_string = String::new();
+
+            // Each element in `args` is assumed to be one "row" (itself a `Vec<T>`).
+            for row in args {
+                if !first_row {
+                    matrix_string.push(',');
                 } else {
-                    first = false;
-                    arguments = to_string_moved(el, move_context);
+                    first_row = false;
                 }
+
+                // Build the string for the current row
+                let mut first_col = true;
+                let mut row_string = String::new();
+                for el in row {
+                    if !first_col {
+                        row_string.push(',');
+                    } else {
+                        first_col = false;
+                    }
+
+                    // Reuse your existing element-stringification function
+                    row_string.push_str(&to_string_array_node(el));
+                }
+
+                // Enclose the row in braces
+                matrix_string.push('{');
+                matrix_string.push_str(&row_string);
+                matrix_string.push('}');
             }
-            format!("{{{}}}", arguments)
+
+            // Enclose the whole matrix in braces
+            format!("{{{matrix_string}}}")
         }
-        DefinedNameKind((name, _)) => name.to_string(),
+        DefinedNameKind((name, ..)) => name.to_string(),
         TableNameKind(name) => name.to_string(),
         WrongVariableKind(name) => name.to_string(),
         CompareKind { kind, left, right } => format!(
@@ -388,12 +418,18 @@ fn to_string_moved(node: &Node, move_context: &MoveContext) -> String {
             OpUnary::Minus => format!("-{}", to_string_moved(right, move_context)),
             OpUnary::Percentage => format!("{}%", to_string_moved(right, move_context)),
         },
-        ErrorKind(kind) => format!("{}", kind),
+        ErrorKind(kind) => format!("{kind}"),
         ParseErrorKind {
             formula,
             message: _,
             position: _,
         } => formula.to_string(),
         EmptyArgKind => "".to_string(),
+        ImplicitIntersection {
+            automatic: _,
+            child,
+        } => {
+            format!("@{}", to_string_moved(child, move_context))
+        }
     }
 }

base/src/expressions/parser/stringify.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 use super::{super::utils::quote_name, Node, Reference};
 use crate::constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW};
-use crate::expressions::token::OpUnary;
+use crate::expressions::parser::move_formula::to_string_array_node;
+use crate::expressions::parser::static_analysis::add_implicit_intersection;
+use crate::expressions::token::{OpSum, OpUnary};
 use crate::{expressions::types::CellReferenceRC, number_format::to_excel_precision_str};
 
 pub enum DisplaceData {
@@ -26,6 +28,11 @@ pub enum DisplaceData {
         column: i32,
         delta: i32,
     },
+    RowMove {
+        sheet: u32,
+        row: i32,
+        delta: i32,
+    },
     ColumnMove {
         sheet: u32,
         column: i32,
@@ -34,10 +41,21 @@ pub enum DisplaceData {
     None,
 }
 
+/// This is the internal mode in IronCalc
 pub fn to_rc_format(node: &Node) -> String {
     stringify(node, None, &DisplaceData::None, false)
 }
 
+/// This is the mode used to display the formula in the UI
+pub fn to_string(node: &Node, context: &CellReferenceRC) -> String {
+    stringify(node, Some(context), &DisplaceData::None, false)
+}
+
+/// This is the mode used to export the formula to Excel
+pub fn to_excel_string(node: &Node, context: &CellReferenceRC) -> String {
+    stringify(node, Some(context), &DisplaceData::None, true)
+}
+
 pub fn to_string_displaced(
     node: &Node,
     context: &CellReferenceRC,
@@ -46,18 +64,10 @@ pub fn to_string_displaced(
     stringify(node, Some(context), displace_data, false)
 }
 
-pub fn to_string(node: &Node, context: &CellReferenceRC) -> String {
-    stringify(node, Some(context), &DisplaceData::None, false)
-}
-
-pub fn to_excel_string(node: &Node, context: &CellReferenceRC) -> String {
-    stringify(node, Some(context), &DisplaceData::None, true)
-}
-
 /// Converts a local reference to a string applying some displacement if needed.
 /// It uses A1 style if context is not None. If context is None it uses R1C1 style
 /// If full_row is true then the row details will be omitted in the A1 case
-/// If full_colum is true then column details will be omitted.
+/// If full_column is true then column details will be omitted.
 pub(crate) fn stringify_reference(
     context: Option<&CellReferenceRC>,
     displace_data: &DisplaceData,
@@ -154,6 +164,29 @@ pub(crate) fn stringify_reference(
                         }
                     }
                 }
+                DisplaceData::RowMove {
+                    sheet,
+                    row: move_row,
+                    delta,
+                } => {
+                    if sheet_index == *sheet {
+                        if row == *move_row {
+                            row += *delta;
+                        } else if *delta > 0 {
+                            // Moving the row downwards
+                            if row > *move_row && row <= *move_row + *delta {
+                                // Intermediate rows move up by one position
+                                row -= 1;
+                            }
+                        } else if *delta < 0 {
+                            // Moving the row upwards
+                            if row < *move_row && row >= *move_row + *delta {
+                                // Intermediate rows move down by one position
+                                row += 1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
                 DisplaceData::ColumnMove {
                     sheet,
                     column: move_column,
@@ -162,14 +195,18 @@ pub(crate) fn stringify_reference(
                     if sheet_index == *sheet {
                         if column == *move_column {
                             column += *delta;
-                        } else if (*delta > 0
-                            && column > *move_column
-                            && column <= *move_column + *delta)
-                            || (*delta < 0
-                                && column < *move_column
-                                && column >= *move_column + *delta)
-                        {
-                            column -= *delta;
+                        } else if *delta > 0 {
+                            // Moving the column to the right
+                            if column > *move_column && column <= *move_column + *delta {
+                                // Intermediate columns move left by one position
+                                column -= 1;
+                            }
+                        } else if *delta < 0 {
+                            // Moving the column to the left
+                            if column < *move_column && column >= *move_column + *delta {
+                                // Intermediate columns move right by one position
+                                column += 1;
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -179,16 +216,16 @@ pub(crate) fn stringify_reference(
                 return "#REF!".to_string();
             }
             let mut row_abs = if absolute_row {
-                format!("${}", row)
+                format!("${row}")
             } else {
-                format!("{}", row)
+                format!("{row}")
             };
             let column = match crate::expressions::utils::number_to_column(column) {
                 Some(s) => s,
                 None => return "#REF!".to_string(),
             };
             let mut col_abs = if absolute_column {
-                format!("${}", column)
+                format!("${column}")
             } else {
                 column
             };
@@ -203,27 +240,27 @@ pub(crate) fn stringify_reference(
                     format!("{}!{}{}", quote_name(name), col_abs, row_abs)
                 }
                 None => {
-                    format!("{}{}", col_abs, row_abs)
+                    format!("{col_abs}{row_abs}")
                 }
             }
         }
         None => {
             let row_abs = if absolute_row {
-                format!("R{}", row)
+                format!("R{row}")
             } else {
-                format!("R[{}]", row)
+                format!("R[{row}]")
             };
             let col_abs = if absolute_column {
-                format!("C{}", column)
+                format!("C{column}")
             } else {
-                format!("C[{}]", column)
+                format!("C[{column}]")
             };
             match &sheet_name {
                 Some(name) => {
                     format!("{}!{}{}", quote_name(name), row_abs, col_abs)
                 }
                 None => {
-                    format!("{}{}", row_abs, col_abs)
+                    format!("{row_abs}{col_abs}")
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -235,7 +272,7 @@ fn format_function(
     args: &Vec<Node>,
     context: Option<&CellReferenceRC>,
     displace_data: &DisplaceData,
-    use_original_name: bool,
+    export_to_excel: bool,
 ) -> String {
     let mut first = true;
     let mut arguments = "".to_string();
@@ -244,27 +281,52 @@ fn format_function(
             arguments = format!(
                 "{},{}",
                 arguments,
-                stringify(el, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+                stringify(el, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
             );
         } else {
             first = false;
-            arguments = stringify(el, context, displace_data, use_original_name);
+            arguments = stringify(el, context, displace_data, export_to_excel);
         }
     }
-    format!("{}({})", name, arguments)
+    format!("{name}({arguments})")
 }
 
+// There is just one representation in the AST (Abstract Syntax Tree) of a formula.
+// But three different ways to convert it to a string.
+//
+// To stringify a formula we need a "context", that is in which cell are we doing the "stringifying"
+//
+// But there are three ways to stringify a formula:
+//
+// * To show it to the IronCalc user
+// * To store internally
+// * To export to Excel
+//
+// There are, of course correspondingly three "modes" when parsing a formula.
+//
+// The internal representation is the more different as references are stored in the RC representation.
+// The the AST of the formula is kept close to this representation we don't need a context
+//
+// In the export to Excel representation certain things are different:
+// * We add a _xlfn. in front of some (more modern) functions
+// * We remove the Implicit Intersection operator when it is automatic and add _xlfn.SINGLE when it is not
+//
+// Examples:
+// * =A1+B2
+// * =RC+R1C1
+// * =A1+B1
+
 fn stringify(
     node: &Node,
     context: Option<&CellReferenceRC>,
     displace_data: &DisplaceData,
-    use_original_name: bool,
+    export_to_excel: bool,
 ) -> String {
     use self::Node::*;
     match node {
-        BooleanKind(value) => format!("{}", value).to_ascii_uppercase(),
+        BooleanKind(value) => format!("{value}").to_ascii_uppercase(),
         NumberKind(number) => to_excel_precision_str(*number),
-        StringKind(value) => format!("\"{}\"", value),
+        StringKind(value) => format!("\"{value}\""),
         WrongReferenceKind {
             sheet_name,
             column,
@@ -354,7 +416,7 @@ fn stringify(
                 full_row,
                 full_column,
             );
-            format!("{}:{}", s1, s2)
+            format!("{s1}:{s2}")
         }
         WrongRangeKind {
             sheet_name,
@@ -403,63 +465,62 @@ fn stringify(
                 full_row,
                 full_column,
             );
-            format!("{}:{}", s1, s2)
+            format!("{s1}:{s2}")
         }
         OpRangeKind { left, right } => format!(
             "{}:{}",
-            stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name),
-            stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+            stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel),
+            stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
         ),
         OpConcatenateKind { left, right } => format!(
             "{}&{}",
-            stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name),
-            stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+            stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel),
+            stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
         ),
         CompareKind { kind, left, right } => format!(
             "{}{}{}",
-            stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name),
+            stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel),
             kind,
-            stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
-        ),
-        OpSumKind { kind, left, right } => format!(
-            "{}{}{}",
-            stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name),
-            kind,
-            stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+            stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
         ),
+        OpSumKind { kind, left, right } => {
+            let left_str = stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel);
+            // if kind is minus then we need parentheses in the right side if they are OpSumKind or CompareKind
+            let right_str = if (matches!(kind, OpSum::Minus) && matches!(**right, OpSumKind { .. }))
+                | matches!(**right, CompareKind { .. })
+            {
+                format!(
+                    "({})",
+                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
+                )
+            } else {
+                stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
+            };
+
+            format!("{left_str}{kind}{right_str}")
+        }
         OpProductKind { kind, left, right } => {
             let x = match **left {
-                OpSumKind { .. } => format!(
+                OpSumKind { .. } | CompareKind { .. } => format!(
                     "({})",
-                    stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+                    stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
                 ),
-                CompareKind { .. } => format!(
-                    "({})",
-                    stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
-                ),
-                _ => stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name),
+                _ => stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel),
             };
             let y = match **right {
-                OpSumKind { .. } => format!(
+                OpSumKind { .. } | CompareKind { .. } | OpProductKind { .. } => format!(
                     "({})",
-                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
                 ),
-                CompareKind { .. } => format!(
-                    "({})",
-                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
-                ),
-                OpProductKind { .. } => format!(
-                    "({})",
-                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
-                ),
-                _ => stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name),
+                _ => stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel),
             };
-            format!("{}{}{}", x, kind, y)
+            format!("{x}{kind}{y}")
         }
         OpPowerKind { left, right } => {
             let x = match **left {
                 BooleanKind(_)
                 | NumberKind(_)
+                | UnaryKind { .. }
                 | StringKind(_)
                 | ReferenceKind { .. }
                 | RangeKind { .. }
@@ -467,9 +528,7 @@ fn stringify(
                 | DefinedNameKind(_)
                 | TableNameKind(_)
                 | WrongVariableKind(_)
-                | WrongRangeKind { .. } => {
-                    stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
-                }
+                | WrongRangeKind { .. } => stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel),
                 OpRangeKind { .. }
                 | OpConcatenateKind { .. }
                 | OpProductKind { .. }
@@ -477,14 +536,14 @@ fn stringify(
                 | FunctionKind { .. }
                 | InvalidFunctionKind { .. }
                 | ArrayKind(_)
-                | UnaryKind { .. }
                 | ErrorKind(_)
                 | ParseErrorKind { .. }
                 | OpSumKind { .. }
                 | CompareKind { .. }
+                | ImplicitIntersection { .. }
                 | EmptyArgKind => format!(
                     "({})",
-                    stringify(left, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+                    stringify(left, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
                 ),
             };
             let y = match **right {
@@ -498,7 +557,7 @@ fn stringify(
                 | TableNameKind(_)
                 | WrongVariableKind(_)
                 | WrongRangeKind { .. } => {
-                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
                 }
                 OpRangeKind { .. }
                 | OpConcatenateKind { .. }
@@ -512,65 +571,128 @@ fn stringify(
                 | ParseErrorKind { .. }
                 | OpSumKind { .. }
                 | CompareKind { .. }
+                | ImplicitIntersection { .. }
                 | EmptyArgKind => format!(
                     "({})",
-                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
                 ),
             };
-            format!("{}^{}", x, y)
+            format!("{x}^{y}")
         }
         InvalidFunctionKind { name, args } => {
-            format_function(name, args, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+            format_function(name, args, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
         }
         FunctionKind { kind, args } => {
-            let name = if use_original_name {
+            let name = if export_to_excel {
                 kind.to_xlsx_string()
             } else {
                 kind.to_string()
             };
-            format_function(&name, args, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+            format_function(&name, args, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
         }
         ArrayKind(args) => {
-            let mut first = true;
-            let mut arguments = "".to_string();
-            for el in args {
-                if !first {
-                    arguments = format!(
-                        "{},{}",
-                        arguments,
-                        stringify(el, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
-                    );
+            let mut first_row = true;
+            let mut matrix_string = String::new();
+
+            for row in args {
+                if !first_row {
+                    matrix_string.push(';');
                 } else {
-                    first = false;
-                    arguments = stringify(el, context, displace_data, use_original_name);
+                    first_row = false;
                 }
+                let mut first_column = true;
+                let mut row_string = String::new();
+                for el in row {
+                    if !first_column {
+                        row_string.push(',');
+                    } else {
+                        first_column = false;
+                    }
+                    row_string.push_str(&to_string_array_node(el));
+                }
+                matrix_string.push_str(&row_string);
             }
-            format!("{{{}}}", arguments)
+            format!("{{{matrix_string}}}")
         }
         TableNameKind(value) => value.to_string(),
-        DefinedNameKind((name, _)) => name.to_string(),
+        DefinedNameKind((name, ..)) => name.to_string(),
         WrongVariableKind(name) => name.to_string(),
         UnaryKind { kind, right } => match kind {
             OpUnary::Minus => {
-                format!(
-                    "-{}",
-                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
-                )
+                let needs_parentheses = match **right {
+                    BooleanKind(_)
+                    | NumberKind(_)
+                    | StringKind(_)
+                    | ReferenceKind { .. }
+                    | RangeKind { .. }
+                    | WrongReferenceKind { .. }
+                    | WrongRangeKind { .. }
+                    | OpRangeKind { .. }
+                    | OpConcatenateKind { .. }
+                    | OpProductKind { .. }
+                    | FunctionKind { .. }
+                    | InvalidFunctionKind { .. }
+                    | ArrayKind(_)
+                    | DefinedNameKind(_)
+                    | TableNameKind(_)
+                    | WrongVariableKind(_)
+                    | ImplicitIntersection { .. }
+                    | CompareKind { .. }
+                    | ErrorKind(_)
+                    | ParseErrorKind { .. }
+                    | EmptyArgKind => false,
+
+                    OpPowerKind { .. } | OpSumKind { .. } | UnaryKind { .. } => true,
+                };
+                if needs_parentheses {
+                    format!(
+                        "-({})",
+                        stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    format!(
+                        "-{}",
+                        stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
+                    )
+                }
             }
             OpUnary::Percentage => {
                 format!(
                     "{}%",
-                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, use_original_name)
+                    stringify(right, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
                 )
             }
         },
-        ErrorKind(kind) => format!("{}", kind),
+        ErrorKind(kind) => format!("{kind}"),
         ParseErrorKind {
             formula,
             position: _,
             message: _,
         } => formula.to_string(),
         EmptyArgKind => "".to_string(),
+        ImplicitIntersection {
+            automatic: _,
+            child,
+        } => {
+            if export_to_excel {
+                // We need to check wether the II can be automatic or not
+                let mut new_node = child.as_ref().clone();
+
+                add_implicit_intersection(&mut new_node, true);
+                if matches!(&new_node, Node::ImplicitIntersection { .. }) {
+                    return stringify(child, context, displace_data, export_to_excel);
+                }
+
+                return format!(
+                    "_xlfn.SINGLE({})",
+                    stringify(child, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
+                );
+            }
+            format!(
+                "@{}",
+                stringify(child, context, displace_data, export_to_excel)
+            )
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -658,6 +780,12 @@ pub(crate) fn rename_sheet_in_node(node: &mut Node, sheet_index: u32, new_name:
         Node::UnaryKind { kind: _, right } => {
             rename_sheet_in_node(right, sheet_index, new_name);
         }
+        Node::ImplicitIntersection {
+            automatic: _,
+            child,
+        } => {
+            rename_sheet_in_node(child, sheet_index, new_name);
+        }
 
         // Do nothing
         Node::BooleanKind(_) => {}
@@ -681,7 +809,7 @@ pub(crate) fn rename_defined_name_in_node(
 ) {
     match node {
         // Rename
-        Node::DefinedNameKind((n, s)) => {
+        Node::DefinedNameKind((n, s, _)) => {
             if name.to_lowercase() == n.to_lowercase() && *s == scope {
                 *n = new_name.to_string();
             }
@@ -736,6 +864,12 @@ pub(crate) fn rename_defined_name_in_node(
         Node::UnaryKind { kind: _, right } => {
             rename_defined_name_in_node(right, name, scope, new_name);
         }
+        Node::ImplicitIntersection {
+            automatic: _,
+            child,
+        } => {
+            rename_defined_name_in_node(child, name, scope, new_name);
+        }
 
         // Do nothing
         Node::BooleanKind(_) => {}

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/mod.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
+mod test_add_implicit_intersection;
+mod test_arrays;
 mod test_general;
+mod test_implicit_intersection;
 mod test_issue_155;
+mod test_issue_483;
 mod test_move_formula;
 mod test_ranges;
 mod test_stringify;

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/test_add_implicit_intersection.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::expressions::{
+    parser::{
+        stringify::{to_excel_string, to_string},
+        Parser,
+    },
+    types::CellReferenceRC,
+};
+
+use crate::expressions::parser::static_analysis::add_implicit_intersection;
+
+#[test]
+fn simple_test() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Reference cell is Sheet1!A1
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 1,
+        column: 1,
+    };
+    let cases = vec![
+        ("A1:A10*SUM(A1:A10)", "@A1:A10*SUM(A1:A10)"),
+        ("A1:A10", "@A1:A10"),
+        // Math and trigonometry functions
+        ("SUM(A1:A10)", "SUM(A1:A10)"),
+        ("SIN(A1:A10)", "SIN(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("COS(A1:A10)", "COS(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("TAN(A1:A10)", "TAN(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("ASIN(A1:A10)", "ASIN(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("ACOS(A1:A10)", "ACOS(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("ATAN(A1:A10)", "ATAN(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("SINH(A1:A10)", "SINH(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("COSH(A1:A10)", "COSH(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("TANH(A1:A10)", "TANH(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("ASINH(A1:A10)", "ASINH(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("ACOSH(A1:A10)", "ACOSH(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("ATANH(A1:A10)", "ATANH(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("ATAN2(A1:A10,B1:B10)", "ATAN2(@A1:A10,@B1:B10)"),
+        ("ATAN2(A1:A10,A1)", "ATAN2(@A1:A10,A1)"),
+        ("SQRT(A1:A10)", "SQRT(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("SQRTPI(A1:A10)", "SQRTPI(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("POWER(A1:A10,A1)", "POWER(@A1:A10,A1)"),
+        ("POWER(A1:A10,B1:B10)", "POWER(@A1:A10,@B1:B10)"),
+        ("MAX(A1:A10)", "MAX(A1:A10)"),
+        ("MIN(A1:A10)", "MIN(A1:A10)"),
+        ("ABS(A1:A10)", "ABS(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("FALSE()", "FALSE()"),
+        ("TRUE()", "TRUE()"),
+        // Defined names
+        ("BADNMAE", "@BADNMAE"),
+        // Logical
+        ("AND(A1:A10)", "AND(A1:A10)"),
+        ("OR(A1:A10)", "OR(A1:A10)"),
+        ("NOT(A1:A10)", "NOT(@A1:A10)"),
+        ("IF(A1:A10,B1:B10,C1:C10)", "IF(@A1:A10,@B1:B10,@C1:C10)"),
+        // Information
+        // ("ISBLANK(A1:A10)", "ISBLANK(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISERR(A1:A10)", "ISERR(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISERROR(A1:A10)", "ISERROR(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISEVEN(A1:A10)", "ISEVEN(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISLOGICAL(A1:A10)", "ISLOGICAL(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISNA(A1:A10)", "ISNA(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISNONTEXT(A1:A10)", "ISNONTEXT(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISNUMBER(A1:A10)", "ISNUMBER(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISODD(A1:A10)", "ISODD(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISREF(A1:A10)", "ISREF(A1:A10)"),
+        // ("ISTEXT(A1:A10)", "ISTEXT(A1:A10)"),
+    ];
+    for (formula, expected) in cases {
+        let mut t = parser.parse(formula, &cell_reference);
+        add_implicit_intersection(&mut t, true);
+        let r = to_string(&t, &cell_reference);
+        assert_eq!(r, expected);
+        let excel_formula = to_excel_string(&t, &cell_reference);
+        assert_eq!(excel_formula, formula);
+    }
+}

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/test_arrays.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#![allow(clippy::panic)]
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::expressions::parser::stringify::{to_rc_format, to_string};
+use crate::expressions::parser::{ArrayNode, Node, Parser};
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceRC;
+
+#[test]
+fn simple_horizontal() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Reference cell is Sheet1!A1
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 1,
+        column: 1,
+    };
+    let horizontal = parser.parse("{1, 2, 3}", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(
+        horizontal,
+        Node::ArrayKind(vec![vec![
+            ArrayNode::Number(1.0),
+            ArrayNode::Number(2.0),
+            ArrayNode::Number(3.0)
+        ]])
+    );
+
+    assert_eq!(to_rc_format(&horizontal), "{1,2,3}");
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&horizontal, &cell_reference), "{1,2,3}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn simple_vertical() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Reference cell is Sheet1!A1
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 1,
+        column: 1,
+    };
+    let vertical = parser.parse("{1;2; 3}", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(
+        vertical,
+        Node::ArrayKind(vec![
+            vec![ArrayNode::Number(1.0)],
+            vec![ArrayNode::Number(2.0)],
+            vec![ArrayNode::Number(3.0)]
+        ])
+    );
+    assert_eq!(to_rc_format(&vertical), "{1;2;3}");
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&vertical, &cell_reference), "{1;2;3}");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn simple_matrix() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Reference cell is Sheet1!A1
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 1,
+        column: 1,
+    };
+    let matrix = parser.parse("{1,2,3; 4, 5, 6; 7,8,9}", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(
+        matrix,
+        Node::ArrayKind(vec![
+            vec![
+                ArrayNode::Number(1.0),
+                ArrayNode::Number(2.0),
+                ArrayNode::Number(3.0)
+            ],
+            vec![
+                ArrayNode::Number(4.0),
+                ArrayNode::Number(5.0),
+                ArrayNode::Number(6.0)
+            ],
+            vec![
+                ArrayNode::Number(7.0),
+                ArrayNode::Number(8.0),
+                ArrayNode::Number(9.0)
+            ]
+        ])
+    );
+    assert_eq!(to_rc_format(&matrix), "{1,2,3;4,5,6;7,8,9}");
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&matrix, &cell_reference), "{1,2,3;4,5,6;7,8,9}");
+}

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/test_implicit_intersection.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#![allow(clippy::panic)]
+
+use crate::expressions::parser::{Node, Parser};
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceRC;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+#[test]
+fn simple() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Reference cell is Sheet1!B3
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 3,
+        column: 2,
+    };
+    let t = parser.parse("@A1:A10", &cell_reference);
+    let child = Node::RangeKind {
+        sheet_name: None,
+        sheet_index: 0,
+        absolute_row1: false,
+        absolute_column1: false,
+        row1: -2,
+        column1: -1,
+        absolute_row2: false,
+        absolute_column2: false,
+        row2: 7,
+        column2: -1,
+    };
+    assert_eq!(
+        t,
+        Node::ImplicitIntersection {
+            automatic: false,
+            child: Box::new(child)
+        }
+    )
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn simple_add() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Reference cell is Sheet1!B3
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 3,
+        column: 2,
+    };
+    let t = parser.parse("@A1:A10+12", &cell_reference);
+    let child = Node::RangeKind {
+        sheet_name: None,
+        sheet_index: 0,
+        absolute_row1: false,
+        absolute_column1: false,
+        row1: -2,
+        column1: -1,
+        absolute_row2: false,
+        absolute_column2: false,
+        row2: 7,
+        column2: -1,
+    };
+    assert_eq!(
+        t,
+        Node::OpSumKind {
+            kind: crate::expressions::token::OpSum::Add,
+            left: Box::new(Node::ImplicitIntersection {
+                automatic: false,
+                child: Box::new(child)
+            }),
+            right: Box::new(Node::NumberKind(12.0))
+        }
+    )
+}

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/test_issue_483.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#![allow(clippy::panic)]
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use crate::expressions::parser::stringify::to_string;
+use crate::expressions::parser::{Node, Parser};
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceRC;
+
+#[test]
+fn issue_483_parser() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Reference cell is Sheet1!A1
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 2,
+        column: 2,
+    };
+    let t = parser.parse("-(A1^1.22)", &cell_reference);
+    assert!(matches!(t, Node::UnaryKind { .. }));
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "-(A1^1.22)");
+
+    let t = parser.parse("-A1^1.22", &cell_reference);
+    assert!(matches!(t, Node::OpPowerKind { .. }));
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "-A1^1.22");
+}

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/test_move_formula.rs

@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ fn test_move_formula_misc() {
         width: 4,
         height: 5,
     };
-    let node = parser.parse("X9^C2-F4*H2", context);
+    let node = parser.parse("X9^C2-F4*H2+SUM(F2:H4)+SUM(C2:F6)", context);
     let t = move_formula(
         &node,
         &MoveContext {
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ fn test_move_formula_misc() {
             column_delta: 10,
         },
     );
-    assert_eq!(t, "X9^M12-P14*H2");
+    assert_eq!(t, "X9^M12-P14*H2+SUM(F2:H4)+SUM(M12:P16)");
 
     let node = parser.parse("F5*(-D5)*SUM(A1, X9, $D$5)", context);
     let t = move_formula(
@@ -475,3 +475,77 @@ fn test_move_formula_another_sheet() {
         "Sheet1!AB31*SUM(Sheet1!JJ3:JJ4)+SUM(Sheet2!C2:F6)*SUM(M12:P16)"
     );
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn move_formula_implicit_intersetion() {
+    // context is E4
+    let row = 4;
+    let column = 5;
+    let context = &CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row,
+        column,
+    };
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Area is C2:F6
+    let area = &Area {
+        sheet: 0,
+        row: 2,
+        column: 3,
+        width: 4,
+        height: 5,
+    };
+    let node = parser.parse("SUM(@F2:H4)+SUM(@C2:F6)", context);
+    let t = move_formula(
+        &node,
+        &MoveContext {
+            source_sheet_name: "Sheet1",
+            row,
+            column,
+            area,
+            target_sheet_name: "Sheet1",
+            row_delta: 10,
+            column_delta: 10,
+        },
+    );
+    assert_eq!(t, "SUM(@F2:H4)+SUM(@M12:P16)");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn move_formula_implicit_intersetion_with_ranges() {
+    // context is E4
+    let row = 4;
+    let column = 5;
+    let context = &CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row,
+        column,
+    };
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    // Area is C2:F6
+    let area = &Area {
+        sheet: 0,
+        row: 2,
+        column: 3,
+        width: 4,
+        height: 5,
+    };
+    let node = parser.parse("SUM(@F2:H4)+SUM(@C2:F6)+SUM(@A1, @X9, @$D$5)", context);
+    let t = move_formula(
+        &node,
+        &MoveContext {
+            source_sheet_name: "Sheet1",
+            row,
+            column,
+            area,
+            target_sheet_name: "Sheet1",
+            row_delta: 10,
+            column_delta: 10,
+        },
+    );
+    assert_eq!(t, "SUM(@F2:H4)+SUM(@M12:P16)+SUM(@A1,@X9,@$N$15)");
+}

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/test_stringify.rs

@@ -32,3 +32,39 @@ fn exp_order() {
     let t = parser.parse("(5)^(4)", &cell_reference);
     assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "5^4");
 }
+
+#[test]
+fn correct_parenthesis() {
+    let worksheets = vec!["Sheet1".to_string()];
+    let mut parser = Parser::new(worksheets, vec![], HashMap::new());
+
+    let cell_reference = CellReferenceRC {
+        sheet: "Sheet1".to_string(),
+        row: 1,
+        column: 1,
+    };
+
+    let t = parser.parse("-(1 + 1)", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "-(1+1)");
+
+    let t = parser.parse("1 - (3 + 4)", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "1-(3+4)");
+
+    let t = parser.parse("-(1.05*(0.0284 + 0.0046) - 0.0284)", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(
+        to_string(&t, &cell_reference),
+        "-(1.05*(0.0284+0.0046)-0.0284)"
+    );
+
+    let t = parser.parse("1 + (3+5)", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "1+3+5");
+
+    let t = parser.parse("1 - (3+5)", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "1-(3+5)");
+
+    let t = parser.parse("(1 - 3) - (3+5)", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "1-3-(3+5)");
+
+    let t = parser.parse("1 + (3<5)", &cell_reference);
+    assert_eq!(to_string(&t, &cell_reference), "1+(3<5)");
+}

base/src/expressions/parser/tests/test_tables.rs

@@ -3,11 +3,10 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use crate::expressions::parser::stringify::to_string;
-use crate::expressions::utils::{number_to_column, parse_reference_a1};
-use crate::types::{Table, TableColumn, TableStyleInfo};
-
 use crate::expressions::parser::Parser;
 use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceRC;
+use crate::expressions::utils::{number_to_column, parse_reference_a1};
+use crate::types::{Table, TableColumn, TableStyleInfo};
 
 fn create_test_table(
     table_name: &str,

base/src/expressions/parser/walk.rs

@@ -1,278 +0,0 @@
-use super::{move_formula::ref_is_in_area, Node};
-
-use crate::expressions::types::{Area, CellReferenceIndex};
-
-pub(crate) fn forward_references(
-    node: &mut Node,
-    context: &CellReferenceIndex,
-    source_area: &Area,
-    target_sheet: u32,
-    target_sheet_name: &str,
-    target_row: i32,
-    target_column: i32,
-) {
-    match node {
-        Node::ReferenceKind {
-            sheet_name,
-            sheet_index: reference_sheet,
-            absolute_row,
-            absolute_column,
-            row: reference_row,
-            column: reference_column,
-        } => {
-            let reference_row_absolute = if *absolute_row {
-                *reference_row
-            } else {
-                *reference_row + context.row
-            };
-            let reference_column_absolute = if *absolute_column {
-                *reference_column
-            } else {
-                *reference_column + context.column
-            };
-            if ref_is_in_area(
-                *reference_sheet,
-                reference_row_absolute,
-                reference_column_absolute,
-                source_area,
-            ) {
-                if *reference_sheet != target_sheet {
-                    *sheet_name = Some(target_sheet_name.to_string());
-                    *reference_sheet = target_sheet;
-                }
-                *reference_row = target_row + *reference_row - source_area.row;
-                *reference_column = target_column + *reference_column - source_area.column;
-            }
-        }
-        Node::RangeKind {
-            sheet_name,
-            sheet_index,
-            absolute_row1,
-            absolute_column1,
-            row1,
-            column1,
-            absolute_row2,
-            absolute_column2,
-            row2,
-            column2,
-        } => {
-            let reference_row1 = if *absolute_row1 {
-                *row1
-            } else {
-                *row1 + context.row
-            };
-            let reference_column1 = if *absolute_column1 {
-                *column1
-            } else {
-                *column1 + context.column
-            };
-
-            let reference_row2 = if *absolute_row2 {
-                *row2
-            } else {
-                *row2 + context.row
-            };
-            let reference_column2 = if *absolute_column2 {
-                *column2
-            } else {
-                *column2 + context.column
-            };
-            if ref_is_in_area(*sheet_index, reference_row1, reference_column1, source_area)
-                && ref_is_in_area(*sheet_index, reference_row2, reference_column2, source_area)
-            {
-                if *sheet_index != target_sheet {
-                    *sheet_index = target_sheet;
-                    *sheet_name = Some(target_sheet_name.to_string());
-                }
-                *row1 = target_row + *row1 - source_area.row;
-                *column1 = target_column + *column1 - source_area.column;
-                *row2 = target_row + *row2 - source_area.row;
-                *column2 = target_column + *column2 - source_area.column;
-            }
-        }
-        // Recurse
-        Node::OpRangeKind { left, right } => {
-            forward_references(
-                left,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-            forward_references(
-                right,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-        }
-        Node::OpConcatenateKind { left, right } => {
-            forward_references(
-                left,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-            forward_references(
-                right,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-        }
-        Node::OpSumKind {
-            kind: _,
-            left,
-            right,
-        } => {
-            forward_references(
-                left,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-            forward_references(
-                right,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-        }
-        Node::OpProductKind {
-            kind: _,
-            left,
-            right,
-        } => {
-            forward_references(
-                left,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-            forward_references(
-                right,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-        }
-        Node::OpPowerKind { left, right } => {
-            forward_references(
-                left,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-            forward_references(
-                right,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-        }
-        Node::FunctionKind { kind: _, args } => {
-            for arg in args {
-                forward_references(
-                    arg,
-                    context,
-                    source_area,
-                    target_sheet,
-                    target_sheet_name,
-                    target_row,
-                    target_column,
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        Node::InvalidFunctionKind { name: _, args } => {
-            for arg in args {
-                forward_references(
-                    arg,
-                    context,
-                    source_area,
-                    target_sheet,
-                    target_sheet_name,
-                    target_row,
-                    target_column,
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        Node::CompareKind {
-            kind: _,
-            left,
-            right,
-        } => {
-            forward_references(
-                left,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-            forward_references(
-                right,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-        }
-        Node::UnaryKind { kind: _, right } => {
-            forward_references(
-                right,
-                context,
-                source_area,
-                target_sheet,
-                target_sheet_name,
-                target_row,
-                target_column,
-            );
-        }
-        // TODO: Not implemented
-        Node::ArrayKind(_) => {}
-        // Do nothing. Note: we could do a blanket _ => {}
-        Node::DefinedNameKind(_) => {}
-        Node::TableNameKind(_) => {}
-        Node::WrongVariableKind(_) => {}
-        Node::ErrorKind(_) => {}
-        Node::ParseErrorKind { .. } => {}
-        Node::EmptyArgKind => {}
-        Node::BooleanKind(_) => {}
-        Node::NumberKind(_) => {}
-        Node::StringKind(_) => {}
-        Node::WrongReferenceKind { .. } => {}
-        Node::WrongRangeKind { .. } => {}
-    }
-}

base/src/expressions/token.rs

@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ pub fn is_english_error_string(name: &str) -> bool {
         "#REF!", "#NAME?", "#VALUE!", "#DIV/0!", "#N/A", "#NUM!", "#ERROR!", "#N/IMPL!", "#SPILL!",
         "#CALC!", "#CIRC!", "#NULL!",
     ];
-    names.iter().any(|e| *e == name)
+    names.contains(&name)
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -240,6 +240,7 @@ pub enum TokenType {
     Bang,               // !
     Percent,            // %
     And,                // &
+    At,                 // @
     Reference {
         sheet: Option<String>,
         row: i32,

base/src/expressions/utils/mod.rs

@@ -211,15 +211,19 @@ pub fn parse_reference_a1(r: &str) -> Option<ParsedReference> {
 pub fn is_valid_identifier(name: &str) -> bool {
     // https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/names-in-formulas-fc2935f9-115d-4bef-a370-3aa8bb4c91f1
     // https://github.com/MartinTrummer/excel-names/
-    // NOTE: We are being much more restrictive than Excel.
-    // In particular we do not support non ascii characters.
     let upper = name.to_ascii_uppercase();
-    let bytes = upper.as_bytes();
-    let len = bytes.len();
+    // length of chars
+    let len = upper.chars().count();
+
+    let mut chars = upper.chars();
+
     if len > 255 || len == 0 {
         return false;
     }
-    let first = bytes[0] as char;
+    let first = match chars.next() {
+        Some(ch) => ch,
+        None => return false,
+    };
     // The first character of a name must be a letter, an underscore character (_), or a backslash (\).
     if !(first.is_ascii_alphabetic() || first == '_' || first == '\\') {
         return false;
@@ -237,20 +241,10 @@ pub fn is_valid_identifier(name: &str) -> bool {
     if parse_reference_r1c1(name).is_some() {
         return false;
     }
-    let mut i = 1;
-    while i < len {
-        let ch = bytes[i] as char;
-        match ch {
-            'a'..='z' => {}
-            'A'..='Z' => {}
-            '0'..='9' => {}
-            '_' => {}
-            '.' => {}
-            _ => {
-                return false;
-            }
+    for ch in chars {
+        if !(ch.is_alphanumeric() || ch == '_' || ch == '.') {
+            return false;
         }
-        i += 1;
     }
 
     true
@@ -259,15 +253,23 @@ pub fn is_valid_identifier(name: &str) -> bool {
 fn name_needs_quoting(name: &str) -> bool {
     let chars = name.chars();
     // it contains any of these characters: ()'$,;-+{} or space
-    for char in chars {
+    for (i, char) in chars.enumerate() {
         if [' ', '(', ')', '\'', '$', ',', ';', '-', '+', '{', '}'].contains(&char) {
             return true;
         }
+        // if it starts with a number
+        if i == 0 && char.is_ascii_digit() {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    if parse_reference_a1(name).is_some() {
+        // cell reference in A1 notation, e.g. B1048576 is quoted, B1048577 is not
+        return true;
+    }
+    if parse_reference_r1c1(name).is_some() {
+        // cell reference in R1C1 notation, e.g. RC, RC2, R5C, R-4C, RC-8, R, C
+        return true;
     }
-    // TODO:
-    // cell reference in A1 notation, e.g. B1048576 is quoted, B1048577 is not
-    // cell reference in R1C1 notation, e.g. RC, RC2, R5C, R-4C, RC-8, R, C
-    // integers
     false
 }
 
@@ -279,3 +281,32 @@ pub fn quote_name(name: &str) -> String {
     };
     name.to_string()
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_quote_name() {
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Sheet1"), "Sheet1");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Sheet 1"), "'Sheet 1'");
+        // escape and quote
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Sheet1'"), "'Sheet1'''");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Data(2024)"), "'Data(2024)'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Data$2024"), "'Data$2024'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Data-2024"), "'Data-2024'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Data+2024"), "'Data+2024'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Data,2024"), "'Data,2024'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Data;2024"), "'Data;2024'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("Data{2024}"), "'Data{2024}'");
+
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("2024"), "'2024'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("1Data"), "'1Data'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("A1"), "'A1'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("R1C1"), "'R1C1'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("MySheet"), "MySheet");
+
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("B1048576"), "'B1048576'");
+        assert_eq!(quote_name("B1048577"), "B1048577");
+    }
+}

base/src/expressions/utils/test.rs

@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ fn test_names() {
     assert!(is_valid_identifier("_."));
     assert!(is_valid_identifier("_1"));
     assert!(is_valid_identifier("\\."));
+    assert!(is_valid_identifier("truñe"));
 
     // invalid
     assert!(!is_valid_identifier("true"));
@@ -209,6 +210,7 @@ fn test_names() {
     assert!(!is_valid_identifier("1true"));
 
     assert!(!is_valid_identifier("test€"));
-    assert!(!is_valid_identifier("truñe"));
     assert!(!is_valid_identifier("tr&ue"));
+
+    assert!(!is_valid_identifier("LOG10"));
 }

base/src/formatter/dates.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,158 @@
 use chrono::Datelike;
+use chrono::Days;
 use chrono::Duration;
+use chrono::Months;
 use chrono::NaiveDate;
 
 use crate::constants::EXCEL_DATE_BASE;
+use crate::constants::MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER;
+use crate::constants::MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER;
 
-pub fn from_excel_date(days: i64) -> NaiveDate {
+pub const DATE_OUT_OF_RANGE_MESSAGE: &str = "Out of range parameters for date";
+
+#[inline]
+fn convert_to_serial_number(date: NaiveDate) -> i32 {
+    date.num_days_from_ce() - EXCEL_DATE_BASE
+}
+
+fn is_date_within_range(date: NaiveDate) -> bool {
+    convert_to_serial_number(date) >= MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER
+        && convert_to_serial_number(date) <= MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER
+}
+
+pub fn from_excel_date(days: i64) -> Result<NaiveDate, String> {
+    if days < MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER as i64 {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "Excel date must be greater than {MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER}"
+        ));
+    };
+    if days > MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER as i64 {
+        return Err(format!(
+            "Excel date must be less than {MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER}"
+        ));
+    };
     #[allow(clippy::expect_used)]
     let dt = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(1900, 1, 1).expect("problem with chrono::NaiveDate");
-    dt + Duration::days(days - 2)
+    Ok(dt + Duration::days(days - 2))
 }
 
 pub fn date_to_serial_number(day: u32, month: u32, year: i32) -> Result<i32, String> {
     match NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(year, month, day) {
-        Some(native_date) => Ok(native_date.num_days_from_ce() - EXCEL_DATE_BASE),
-        None => Err("Out of range parameters for date".to_string()),
+        Some(native_date) => Ok(convert_to_serial_number(native_date)),
+        None => Err(DATE_OUT_OF_RANGE_MESSAGE.to_string()),
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn permissive_date_to_serial_number(day: i32, month: i32, year: i32) -> Result<i32, String> {
+    // Excel parses `DATE` very permissively. It allows not just for valid date values, but it
+    // allows for invalid dates as well. If you for example enter `DATE(1900, 1, 32)` it will
+    // return the date `1900-02-01`. Despite giving a day that is out of range it will just
+    // wrap the month and year around.
+    //
+    // This function applies that same logic to dates. And does it in the most compatible way as
+    // possible.
+
+    // Special case for the minimum date
+    if year == 1899 && month == 12 && day == 31 {
+        return Ok(MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER);
+    }
+    let Some(mut date) = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(year, 1, 1) else {
+        return Err(DATE_OUT_OF_RANGE_MESSAGE.to_string());
+    };
+
+    // One thing to note for example is that even if you started with a year out of range
+    // but tried to increment the months so that it wraps around into within range, excel
+    // would still return an error.
+    //
+    // I.E. DATE(0,13,-1) will return an error, despite it being equivalent to DATE(1,1,0) which
+    // is within range.
+    //
+    // As a result, we have to run range checks as we parse the date from the biggest unit to the
+    // smallest unit.
+    if !is_date_within_range(date) {
+        return Err(DATE_OUT_OF_RANGE_MESSAGE.to_string());
+    }
+
+    date = {
+        let month_diff = month - 1;
+        let abs_month = month_diff.unsigned_abs();
+        if month_diff <= 0 {
+            date = date - Months::new(abs_month);
+        } else {
+            date = date + Months::new(abs_month);
+        }
+        if !is_date_within_range(date) {
+            return Err(DATE_OUT_OF_RANGE_MESSAGE.to_string());
+        }
+        date
+    };
+
+    date = {
+        let day_diff = day - 1;
+        let abs_day = day_diff.unsigned_abs() as u64;
+        if day_diff <= 0 {
+            date = date - Days::new(abs_day);
+        } else {
+            date = date + Days::new(abs_day);
+        }
+        if !is_date_within_range(date) {
+            return Err(DATE_OUT_OF_RANGE_MESSAGE.to_string());
+        }
+        date
+    };
+
+    Ok(convert_to_serial_number(date))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_permissive_date_to_serial_number() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(42, 42, 2002),
+            date_to_serial_number(12, 7, 2005)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(1, 42, 2002),
+            date_to_serial_number(1, 6, 2005)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(1, 15, 2000),
+            date_to_serial_number(1, 3, 2001)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(1, 49, 2000),
+            date_to_serial_number(1, 1, 2004)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(1, 49, 2000),
+            date_to_serial_number(1, 1, 2004)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(31, 49, 2000),
+            date_to_serial_number(31, 1, 2004)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(256, 49, 2000),
+            date_to_serial_number(12, 9, 2004)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(256, 1, 2004),
+            date_to_serial_number(12, 9, 2004)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_max_and_min_dates() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(31, 12, 9999),
+            Ok(MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER),
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            permissive_date_to_serial_number(31, 12, 1899),
+            Ok(MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER),
+        );
     }
 }

base/src/formatter/format.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ pub struct Formatted {
 
 /// Returns the vector of chars of the fractional part of a *positive* number:
 /// 3.1415926 ==> ['1', '4', '1', '5', '9', '2', '6']
-fn get_fract_part(value: f64, precision: i32) -> Vec<char> {
+fn get_fract_part(value: f64, precision: i32, int_len: usize) -> Vec<char> {
     let b = format!("{:.1$}", value.fract(), precision as usize)
         .chars()
         .collect::<Vec<char>>();
@@ -30,6 +30,12 @@ fn get_fract_part(value: f64, precision: i32) -> Vec<char> {
     if last_non_zero < 2 {
         return vec![];
     }
+    let max_len = if int_len > 15 {
+        2_usize
+    } else {
+        15_usize - int_len + 1
+    };
+    let last_non_zero = usize::min(last_non_zero, max_len + 1);
     b[2..last_non_zero].to_vec()
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +126,7 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
             // We should have different codepaths for general formatting and errors
             let value_abs = value.abs();
             if (1.0e-8..1.0e+11).contains(&value_abs) {
-                let mut text = format!("{:.9}", value);
+                let mut text = format!("{value:.9}");
                 text = text.trim_end_matches('0').trim_end_matches('.').to_string();
                 Formatted {
                     text,
@@ -138,7 +144,7 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                 let exponent = value_abs.log10().floor();
                 value /= 10.0_f64.powf(exponent);
                 let sign = if exponent < 0.0 { '-' } else { '+' };
-                let s = format!("{:.5}", value);
+                let s = format!("{value:.5}");
                 Formatted {
                     text: format!(
                         "{}E{}{:02}",
@@ -154,47 +160,72 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
         ParsePart::Date(p) => {
             let tokens = &p.tokens;
             let mut text = "".to_string();
-            if !(1.0..=2_958_465.0).contains(&value) {
-                // 2_958_465 is 31 December 9999
-                return Formatted {
-                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
-                    color: None,
-                    error: Some("Date negative or too long".to_owned()),
-                };
-            }
-            let date = from_excel_date(value as i64);
+            let time_fract = value.fract();
+            let hours = (time_fract * 24.0).floor();
+            let minutes = ((time_fract * 24.0 - hours) * 60.0).floor();
+            let seconds = ((((time_fract * 24.0 - hours) * 60.0) - minutes) * 60.0).round();
+            let date = from_excel_date(value as i64).ok();
             for token in tokens {
                 match token {
                     TextToken::Literal(c) => {
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, c);
+                        text = format!("{text}{c}");
                     }
                     TextToken::Text(t) => {
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, t);
+                        text = format!("{text}{t}");
                     }
                     TextToken::Ghost(_) => {
                         // we just leave a whitespace
                         // This is what the TEXT function does
-                        text = format!("{} ", text);
+                        text = format!("{text} ");
                     }
                     TextToken::Spacer(_) => {
                         // we just leave a whitespace
                         // This is what the TEXT function does
-                        text = format!("{} ", text);
+                        text = format!("{text} ");
                     }
                     TextToken::Raw => {
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, value);
+                        text = format!("{text}{value}");
                     }
                     TextToken::Digit(_) => {}
                     TextToken::Period => {}
-                    TextToken::Day => {
-                        let day = date.day() as usize;
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, day);
-                    }
+                    TextToken::Day => match date {
+                        Some(date) => {
+                            let day = date.day() as usize;
+                            text = format!("{text}{day}");
+                        }
+                        None => {
+                            return Formatted {
+                                text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                color: None,
+                                error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                            }
+                        }
+                    },
                     TextToken::DayPadded => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let day = date.day() as usize;
-                        text = format!("{}{:02}", text, day);
+                        text = format!("{text}{day:02}");
                     }
                     TextToken::DayNameShort => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let mut day = date.weekday().number_from_monday() as usize;
                         if day == 7 {
                             day = 0;
@@ -202,6 +233,16 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                         text = format!("{}{}", text, &locale.dates.day_names_short[day]);
                     }
                     TextToken::DayName => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let mut day = date.weekday().number_from_monday() as usize;
                         if day == 7 {
                             day = 0;
@@ -209,32 +250,144 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                         text = format!("{}{}", text, &locale.dates.day_names[day]);
                     }
                     TextToken::Month => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let month = date.month() as usize;
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, month);
+                        text = format!("{text}{month}");
                     }
                     TextToken::MonthPadded => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let month = date.month() as usize;
-                        text = format!("{}{:02}", text, month);
+                        text = format!("{text}{month:02}");
                     }
                     TextToken::MonthNameShort => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let month = date.month() as usize;
                         text = format!("{}{}", text, &locale.dates.months_short[month - 1]);
                     }
                     TextToken::MonthName => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let month = date.month() as usize;
                         text = format!("{}{}", text, &locale.dates.months[month - 1]);
                     }
                     TextToken::MonthLetter => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         let month = date.month() as usize;
                         let months_letter = &locale.dates.months_letter[month - 1];
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, months_letter);
+                        text = format!("{text}{months_letter}");
                     }
                     TextToken::YearShort => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         text = format!("{}{}", text, date.format("%y"));
                     }
                     TextToken::Year => {
+                        let date = match date {
+                            Some(d) => d,
+                            None => {
+                                return Formatted {
+                                    text: "#VALUE!".to_owned(),
+                                    color: None,
+                                    error: Some(format!("Invalid date value: '{value}'")),
+                                }
+                            }
+                        };
                         text = format!("{}{}", text, date.year());
                     }
+                    TextToken::Hour => {
+                        let mut hour = hours as i32;
+                        if p.use_ampm {
+                            if hour == 0 {
+                                hour = 12;
+                            } else if hour > 12 {
+                                hour -= 12;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        text = format!("{text}{hour}");
+                    }
+                    TextToken::HourPadded => {
+                        let mut hour = hours as i32;
+                        if p.use_ampm {
+                            if hour == 0 {
+                                hour = 12;
+                            } else if hour > 12 {
+                                hour -= 12;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        text = format!("{text}{hour:02}");
+                    }
+                    TextToken::Second => {
+                        let second = seconds as i32;
+                        text = format!("{text}{second}");
+                    }
+                    TextToken::SecondPadded => {
+                        let second = seconds as i32;
+                        text = format!("{text}{second:02}");
+                    }
+                    TextToken::AMPM => {
+                        let ampm = if hours < 12.0 { "AM" } else { "PM" };
+                        text = format!("{text}{ampm}");
+                    }
+                    TextToken::Minute => {
+                        let minute = minutes as i32;
+                        text = format!("{text}{minute}");
+                    }
+                    TextToken::MinutePadded => {
+                        let minute = minutes as i32;
+                        text = format!("{text}{minute:02}");
+                    }
                 }
             }
             Formatted {
@@ -246,7 +399,7 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
         ParsePart::Number(p) => {
             let mut text = "".to_string();
             if let Some(c) = p.currency {
-                text = format!("{}", c);
+                text = format!("{c}");
             }
             let tokens = &p.tokens;
             value = value * 100.0_f64.powi(p.percent) / (1000.0_f64.powi(p.comma));
@@ -276,7 +429,7 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
             if value_abs as i64 == 0 {
                 int_part = vec![];
             }
-            let fract_part = get_fract_part(value_abs, p.precision);
+            let fract_part = get_fract_part(value_abs, p.precision, int_part.len());
             // ln is the number of digits of the integer part of the value
             let ln = int_part.len() as i32;
             // digit count is the number of digit tokens ('0', '?' and '#') to the left of the decimal point
@@ -294,26 +447,26 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
             for token in tokens {
                 match token {
                     TextToken::Literal(c) => {
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, c);
+                        text = format!("{text}{c}");
                     }
                     TextToken::Text(t) => {
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, t);
+                        text = format!("{text}{t}");
                     }
                     TextToken::Ghost(_) => {
                         // we just leave a whitespace
                         // This is what the TEXT function does
-                        text = format!("{} ", text);
+                        text = format!("{text} ");
                     }
                     TextToken::Spacer(_) => {
                         // we just leave a whitespace
                         // This is what the TEXT function does
-                        text = format!("{} ", text);
+                        text = format!("{text} ");
                     }
                     TextToken::Raw => {
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, value);
+                        text = format!("{text}{value}");
                     }
                     TextToken::Period => {
-                        text = format!("{}{}", text, decimal_separator);
+                        text = format!("{text}{decimal_separator}");
                     }
                     TextToken::Digit(digit) => {
                         if digit.number == 'i' {
@@ -321,7 +474,7 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                             let index = digit.index;
                             let number_index = ln - digit_count + index;
                             if index == 0 && is_negative {
-                                text = format!("-{}", text);
+                                text = format!("-{text}");
                             }
                             if ln <= digit_count {
                                 // The number of digits is less or equal than the number of digit tokens
@@ -346,7 +499,7 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                                     } else {
                                         ""
                                     };
-                                    text = format!("{}{}{}", text, c, sep);
+                                    text = format!("{text}{c}{sep}");
                                 }
                                 digit_index += 1;
                             } else {
@@ -372,18 +525,18 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                             if index < fract_part.len() {
                                 text = format!("{}{}", text, fract_part[index]);
                             } else if digit.kind == '0' {
-                                text = format!("{}0", text);
+                                text = format!("{text}0");
                             } else if digit.kind == '?' {
-                                text = format!("{} ", text);
+                                text = format!("{text} ");
                             }
                         } else if digit.number == 'e' {
                             // 3. Exponent part
                             let index = digit.index;
                             if index == 0 {
                                 if exponent_is_negative {
-                                    text = format!("{}E-", text);
+                                    text = format!("{text}E-");
                                 } else {
-                                    text = format!("{}E+", text);
+                                    text = format!("{text}E+");
                                 }
                             }
                             let number_index = l_exp - (p.exponent_digit_count - index);
@@ -399,7 +552,7 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                                         exponent_part[number_index as usize]
                                     };
 
-                                    text = format!("{}{}", text, c);
+                                    text = format!("{text}{c}");
                                 }
                             } else {
                                 for i in 0..number_index + 1 {
@@ -421,6 +574,13 @@ pub fn format_number(value_original: f64, format: &str, locale: &Locale) -> Form
                     TextToken::MonthLetter => {}
                     TextToken::YearShort => {}
                     TextToken::Year => {}
+                    TextToken::Hour => {}
+                    TextToken::HourPadded => {}
+                    TextToken::Minute => {}
+                    TextToken::MinutePadded => {}
+                    TextToken::Second => {}
+                    TextToken::SecondPadded => {}
+                    TextToken::AMPM => {}
                 }
             }
             Formatted {
@@ -590,10 +750,10 @@ fn parse_date(value: &str) -> Result<(i32, String), String> {
 /// "30.34%" => (0.3034, "0.00%")
 /// 100€ => (100, "100€")
 pub(crate) fn parse_formatted_number(
-    value: &str,
+    original: &str,
     currencies: &[&str],
 ) -> Result<(f64, Option<String>), String> {
-    let value = value.trim();
+    let value = original.trim();
     let scientific_format = "0.00E+00";
 
     // Check if it is a percentage
@@ -613,7 +773,7 @@ pub(crate) fn parse_formatted_number(
 
     // check if it is a currency in currencies
     for currency in currencies {
-        if let Some(p) = value.strip_prefix(&format!("-{}", currency)) {
+        if let Some(p) = value.strip_prefix(&format!("-{currency}")) {
             let (f, options) = parse_number(p.trim())?;
             if options.is_scientific {
                 return Ok((f, Some(scientific_format.to_string())));
@@ -645,7 +805,8 @@ pub(crate) fn parse_formatted_number(
         }
     }
 
-    if let Ok((serial_number, format)) = parse_date(value) {
+    // check if it is a date. NOTE: we don't trim the original here
+    if let Ok((serial_number, format)) = parse_date(original) {
         return Ok((serial_number as f64, Some(format)));
     }
 

base/src/formatter/lexer.rs

@@ -26,19 +26,23 @@ pub enum Token {
     Scientific,    // E+
     ScientificMinus, // E-
     General,       // General
-    // Dates
+    // Dates and time
     Day,            // d
     DayPadded,      // dd
     DayNameShort,   // ddd
     DayName,        // dddd+
-    Month,          // m
-    MonthPadded,    // mm
+    Month,          // m (or minute)
+    MonthPadded,    // mm (or minute padded)
     MonthNameShort, // mmm
     MonthName,      // mmmm or mmmmmm+
     MonthLetter,    // mmmmm
     YearShort,      // y or yy
     Year,           // yyy+
-    // TODO: Hours Minutes and Seconds
+    Hour,           // h
+    HourPadded,     // hh
+    Second,         // s
+    SecondPadded,   // ss
+    AMPM,           // AM/PM (or A/P)
     ILLEGAL,
     EOF,
 }
@@ -178,10 +182,7 @@ impl Lexer {
             }
         }
         self.position = position;
-        match chars.parse::<f64>() {
-            Err(_) => None,
-            Ok(v) => Some(v),
-        }
+        chars.parse::<f64>().ok()
     }
 
     fn consume_condition(&mut self) -> Option<(Compare, f64)> {
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@ impl Lexer {
                         } else if s == '-' {
                             Token::ScientificMinus
                         } else {
-                            self.set_error(&format!("Unexpected char: {}. Expected + or -", s));
+                            self.set_error(&format!("Unexpected char: {s}. Expected + or -"));
                             Token::ILLEGAL
                         }
                     } else {
@@ -364,8 +365,8 @@ impl Lexer {
                         self.read_next_char();
                     }
                     match m {
-                        1 => Token::Month,
-                        2 => Token::MonthPadded,
+                        1 => Token::Month,       // (or minute)
+                        2 => Token::MonthPadded, // (or minute padded)
                         3 => Token::MonthNameShort,
                         4 => Token::MonthName,
                         5 => Token::MonthLetter,
@@ -384,18 +385,75 @@ impl Lexer {
                         Token::Year
                     }
                 }
+                'h' => {
+                    let mut h = 1;
+                    while let Some('h') = self.peek_char() {
+                        h += 1;
+                        self.read_next_char();
+                    }
+                    if h == 1 {
+                        Token::Hour
+                    } else if h == 2 {
+                        Token::HourPadded
+                    } else {
+                        self.set_error("Unexpected character after 'h'");
+                        Token::ILLEGAL
+                    }
+                }
+                's' => {
+                    let mut s = 1;
+                    while let Some('s') = self.peek_char() {
+                        s += 1;
+                        self.read_next_char();
+                    }
+                    if s == 1 {
+                        Token::Second
+                    } else if s == 2 {
+                        Token::SecondPadded
+                    } else {
+                        self.set_error("Unexpected character after 's'");
+                        Token::ILLEGAL
+                    }
+                }
+                'A' | 'a' => {
+                    if let Some('M') | Some('m') = self.peek_char() {
+                        self.read_next_char();
+                    } else {
+                        self.set_error("Unexpected character after 'A'");
+                        return Token::ILLEGAL;
+                    }
+                    if let Some('/') = self.peek_char() {
+                        self.read_next_char();
+                    } else {
+                        self.set_error("Unexpected character after 'AM'");
+                        return Token::ILLEGAL;
+                    }
+                    if let Some('P') | Some('p') = self.peek_char() {
+                        self.read_next_char();
+                    } else {
+                        self.set_error("Unexpected character after 'AM'");
+                        return Token::ILLEGAL;
+                    }
+                    if let Some('M') | Some('m') = self.peek_char() {
+                        self.read_next_char();
+                    } else {
+                        self.set_error("Unexpected character after 'AMP'");
+                        return Token::ILLEGAL;
+                    }
+                    Token::AMPM
+                }
                 'g' | 'G' => {
                     for c in "eneral".chars() {
                         let cc = self.read_next_char();
                         if Some(c) != cc {
-                            self.set_error(&format!("Unexpected character: {}", x));
+                            self.set_error(&format!("Unexpected character: {x}"));
                             return Token::ILLEGAL;
                         }
                     }
                     Token::General
                 }
                 _ => {
-                    self.set_error(&format!("Unexpected character: {}", x));
+                    self.set_error(&format!("Unexpected character: {x}"));
                     Token::ILLEGAL
                 }
             },

base/src/formatter/parser.rs

@@ -27,6 +27,13 @@ pub enum TextToken {
     MonthLetter,
     YearShort,
     Year,
+    Hour,
+    HourPadded,
+    Minute,
+    MinutePadded,
+    Second,
+    SecondPadded,
+    AMPM,
 }
 pub struct NumberPart {
     pub color: Option<i32>,
@@ -45,6 +52,7 @@ pub struct NumberPart {
 
 pub struct DatePart {
     pub color: Option<i32>,
+    pub use_ampm: bool,
     pub tokens: Vec<TextToken>,
 }
 
@@ -101,6 +109,7 @@ impl Parser {
         let mut digit_count = 0;
         let mut precision = 0;
         let mut is_date = false;
+        let mut use_ampm = false;
         let mut is_number = false;
         let mut found_decimal_dot = false;
         let mut use_thousands = false;
@@ -116,6 +125,7 @@ impl Parser {
         let mut number = 'i';
         let mut index = 0;
         let mut currency = None;
+        let mut is_time = false;
 
         while token != Token::EOF && token != Token::Separator {
             let next_token = self.lexer.next_token();
@@ -200,6 +210,9 @@ impl Parser {
                     index += 1;
                 }
                 Token::Literal(value) => {
+                    if value == ':' {
+                        is_time = true;
+                    }
                     tokens.push(TextToken::Literal(value));
                 }
                 Token::Text(value) => {
@@ -236,12 +249,22 @@ impl Parser {
                     tokens.push(TextToken::MonthName);
                 }
                 Token::Month => {
-                    is_date = true;
-                    tokens.push(TextToken::Month);
+                    if is_time {
+                        // minute
+                        tokens.push(TextToken::Minute);
+                    } else {
+                        is_date = true;
+                        tokens.push(TextToken::Month);
+                    }
                 }
                 Token::MonthPadded => {
-                    is_date = true;
-                    tokens.push(TextToken::MonthPadded);
+                    if is_time {
+                        // minute padded
+                        tokens.push(TextToken::MinutePadded);
+                    } else {
+                        is_date = true;
+                        tokens.push(TextToken::MonthPadded);
+                    }
                 }
                 Token::MonthLetter => {
                     is_date = true;
@@ -255,6 +278,32 @@ impl Parser {
                     is_date = true;
                     tokens.push(TextToken::Year);
                 }
+                Token::Hour => {
+                    is_date = true;
+                    is_time = true;
+                    tokens.push(TextToken::Hour);
+                }
+                Token::HourPadded => {
+                    is_date = true;
+                    is_time = true;
+                    tokens.push(TextToken::HourPadded);
+                }
+                Token::Second => {
+                    is_date = true;
+                    is_time = true;
+                    tokens.push(TextToken::Second);
+                }
+                Token::SecondPadded => {
+                    is_date = true;
+                    is_time = true;
+                    tokens.push(TextToken::SecondPadded);
+                }
+
+                Token::AMPM => {
+                    is_date = true;
+                    use_ampm = true;
+                    tokens.push(TextToken::AMPM);
+                }
                 Token::Scientific => {
                     if !is_scientific {
                         index = 0;
@@ -282,7 +331,11 @@ impl Parser {
             if is_number {
                 return ParsePart::Error(ErrorPart {});
             }
-            ParsePart::Date(DatePart { color, tokens })
+            ParsePart::Date(DatePart {
+                color,
+                use_ampm,
+                tokens,
+            })
         } else {
             ParsePart::Number(NumberPart {
                 color,

base/src/formatter/test/mod.rs

@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 mod test_general;
 mod test_parse_formatted_number;
+mod test_time;

base/src/formatter/test/test_time.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#![allow(clippy::unwrap_used)]
+
+use crate::{
+    formatter::format::format_number,
+    locale::{get_locale, Locale},
+};
+
+fn get_default_locale() -> &'static Locale {
+    get_locale("en").unwrap()
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn simple_test() {
+    let locale = get_default_locale();
+    let format = "h:mm AM/PM";
+    let value = 16.001_423_611_111_11; // =1/86400 => 12:02 AM
+    let formatted = format_number(value, format, locale);
+    assert_eq!(formatted.text, "12:02 AM");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn padded_vs_unpadded() {
+    let locale = get_default_locale();
+    let padded_format = "hh:mm:ss AM/PM";
+    let unpadded_format = "h:m:s AM/PM";
+    let value = 0.25351851851851853; // => 6:05:04 AM (21904/(24*60*60)) where 21904 = 6 * 3600 + 5*60 + 4
+    let formatted = format_number(value, padded_format, locale);
+    assert_eq!(formatted.text, "06:05:04 AM");
+
+    let formatted = format_number(value, unpadded_format, locale);
+    assert_eq!(formatted.text, "6:5:4 AM");
+}

base/src/functions/database.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,946 @@
+use chrono::Datelike;
+
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult,
+    expressions::{parser::Node, token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex},
+    formatter::dates::date_to_serial_number,
+    Model,
+};
+
+use super::util::{compare_values, from_wildcard_to_regex, result_matches_regex};
+
+impl Model {
+    // =DAVERAGE(database, field, criteria)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_daverage(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let field_col = match self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0f64;
+        let mut count = 0usize;
+
+        let mut row = db_left.row + 1; // skip header
+        while row <= db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                });
+                if let CalcResult::Number(n) = v {
+                    if n.is_finite() {
+                        sum += n;
+                        count += 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            row += 1;
+        }
+
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No numeric values matched criteria".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(sum / count as f64)
+    }
+
+    // =DCOUNT(database, field, criteria)
+    // Counts numeric entries in the field for rows that match criteria
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dcount(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let field_col = match self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let mut count = 0usize;
+        let mut row = db_left.row + 1; // skip header
+        while row <= db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                });
+                if matches!(v, CalcResult::Number(_)) {
+                    count += 1;
+                }
+            }
+            row += 1;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(count as f64)
+    }
+
+    // =DGET(database, field, criteria)
+    // Returns the (single) field value for the unique matching row
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dget(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let field_col = match self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let mut result: Option<CalcResult> = None;
+        let mut matches = 0usize;
+
+        let mut row = db_left.row + 1;
+        while row <= db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                matches += 1;
+                if matches > 1 {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NUM,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "More than one matching record".to_string(),
+                    };
+                }
+                result = Some(self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                }));
+            }
+            row += 1;
+        }
+
+        match (matches, result) {
+            (0, _) | (_, None) => CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No matching record".to_string(),
+            },
+            (_, Some(v)) => v,
+        }
+    }
+
+    // =DMAX(database, field, criteria)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dmax(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        self.db_extreme(args, cell, true)
+    }
+
+    // =DMIN(database, field, criteria)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dmin(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        self.db_extreme(args, cell, false)
+    }
+
+    // =DSUM(database, field, criteria)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dsum(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let field_col = match self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+
+        // skip header
+        let mut row = db_left.row + 1;
+        while row <= db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                });
+                if let CalcResult::Number(n) = v {
+                    if n.is_finite() {
+                        sum += n;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            row += 1;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(sum)
+    }
+
+    // =DCOUNTA(database, field, criteria)
+    // Counts non-empty entries (any type) in the field for rows that match criteria
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dcounta(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let field_col = match self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let mut count = 0;
+        for row in (db_left.row + 1)..=db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                });
+                if !matches!(v, CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg) {
+                    count += 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(count as f64)
+    }
+
+    // =DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dproduct(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let field_col = match self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let mut product = 1.0f64;
+        let mut has_numeric = false;
+
+        let mut row = db_left.row + 1; // skip header
+        while row <= db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                });
+                if let CalcResult::Number(n) = v {
+                    if n.is_finite() {
+                        product *= n;
+                        has_numeric = true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            row += 1;
+        }
+
+        // Excel returns 0 when no rows / no numeric values match for DPRODUCT
+        if has_numeric {
+            CalcResult::Number(product)
+        } else {
+            CalcResult::Number(0.0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Small internal helper for DSTDEV / DVAR
+    // Collects sum, sum of squares, and count of numeric values in the field
+    // for rows that match the criteria.
+    fn db_numeric_stats(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> Result<(f64, f64, usize), CalcResult> {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return Err(CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell));
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return Err(e),
+        };
+
+        let field_col = self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell)?;
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return Err(e),
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            });
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0f64;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0f64;
+        let mut count = 0usize;
+
+        let mut row = db_left.row + 1; // skip header
+        while row <= db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                });
+                if let CalcResult::Number(n) = v {
+                    if n.is_finite() {
+                        sum += n;
+                        sumsq += n * n;
+                        count += 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            row += 1;
+        }
+
+        Ok((sum, sumsq, count))
+    }
+
+    // =DSTDEV(database, field, criteria)
+    // Sample standard deviation of matching numeric values
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dstdev(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (sum, sumsq, count) = match self.db_numeric_stats(args, cell) {
+            Ok(stats) => stats,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel behaviour: #DIV/0! if 0 or 1 numeric values match
+        if count < 2 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Not enough numeric values matched criteria".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / (n - 1.0);
+        let var = if var < 0.0 { 0.0 } else { var };
+        CalcResult::Number(var.sqrt())
+    }
+
+    // =DVAR(database, field, criteria)
+    // Sample variance of matching numeric values
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dvar(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (sum, sumsq, count) = match self.db_numeric_stats(args, cell) {
+            Ok(stats) => stats,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel behaviour: #DIV/0! if 0 or 1 numeric values match
+        if count < 2 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Not enough numeric values matched criteria".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / (n - 1.0);
+        let var = if var < 0.0 { 0.0 } else { var };
+        CalcResult::Number(var)
+    }
+
+    // =DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria)
+    // Population standard deviation of matching numeric values
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dstdevp(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (sum, sumsq, count) = match self.db_numeric_stats(args, cell) {
+            Ok(stats) => stats,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel behaviour: #DIV/0! if no numeric values match
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No numeric values matched criteria".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / n;
+        let var = if var < 0.0 { 0.0 } else { var };
+        CalcResult::Number(var.sqrt())
+    }
+
+    // =DVARP(database, field, criteria)
+    // Population variance of matching numeric values
+    pub(crate) fn fn_dvarp(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (sum, sumsq, count) = match self.db_numeric_stats(args, cell) {
+            Ok(stats) => stats,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel behaviour: #DIV/0! if no numeric values match
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No numeric values matched criteria".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / n;
+        let var = if var < 0.0 { 0.0 } else { var };
+        CalcResult::Number(var)
+    }
+
+    /// Resolve the "field" (2nd arg) to an absolute column index (i32) within the sheet.
+    /// Field can be a number (1-based index) or a header name (case-insensitive).
+    /// Returns the absolute column index, not a 1-based offset within the database range.
+    fn resolve_db_field_column(
+        &mut self,
+        db_left: CellReferenceIndex,
+        db_right: CellReferenceIndex,
+        field_arg: &Node,
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> Result<i32, CalcResult> {
+        let field_column_name = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(field_arg, cell) {
+            CalcResult::String(s) => s.to_lowercase(),
+            CalcResult::Number(index) => {
+                let index = index.floor() as i32;
+                if index < 1 || db_left.column + index - 1 > db_right.column {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::VALUE,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Field index out of range".to_string(),
+                    });
+                }
+                return Ok(db_left.column + index - 1);
+            }
+            CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
+                return if b {
+                    Ok(db_left.column)
+                } else {
+                    // Index 0 is out of range
+                    Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::VALUE,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Invalid field specifier".to_string(),
+                    })
+                };
+            }
+            error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => {
+                return Err(error);
+            }
+            CalcResult::Range { .. } => {
+                return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                })
+            }
+            CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                })
+            }
+        };
+
+        // We search in the database a column whose header matches field_column_name
+        for column in db_left.column..=db_right.column {
+            let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                row: db_left.row,
+                column,
+            });
+            match &v {
+                CalcResult::String(s) => {
+                    if s.to_lowercase() == field_column_name {
+                        return Ok(column);
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Number(n) => {
+                    if field_column_name == n.to_string() {
+                        return Ok(column);
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
+                    if field_column_name == b.to_string() {
+                        return Ok(column);
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Error { .. }
+                | CalcResult::Range { .. }
+                | CalcResult::EmptyCell
+                | CalcResult::EmptyArg
+                | CalcResult::Array(_) => {}
+            }
+        }
+
+        Err(CalcResult::Error {
+            error: Error::VALUE,
+            origin: cell,
+            message: "Field header not found".to_string(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Check whether a database row matches the criteria range.
+    /// Criteria logic: OR across criteria rows; AND across columns within a row.
+    fn db_row_matches_criteria(
+        &mut self,
+        db_left: CellReferenceIndex,
+        db_right: CellReferenceIndex,
+        row: i32,
+        criteria: (CellReferenceIndex, CellReferenceIndex),
+    ) -> bool {
+        let (c_left, c_right) = criteria;
+
+        // Read criteria headers (first row of criteria range)
+        // Map header name (lowercased) -> db column (if exists)
+        let mut crit_cols: Vec<i32> = Vec::new();
+        let mut header_count = 0;
+        // We cover the criteria table:
+        //  headerA | headerB | ...
+        //  critA1  | critA2  | ...
+        //  critB1  | critB2  | ...
+        //  ...
+        for column in c_left.column..=c_right.column {
+            let cell = CellReferenceIndex {
+                sheet: c_left.sheet,
+                row: c_left.row,
+                column,
+            };
+            let criteria_header = self.evaluate_cell(cell);
+            if let Ok(s) = self.cast_to_string(criteria_header, cell) {
+                // Non-empty string header. If the header is non string we skip it
+                header_count += 1;
+                let wanted = s.to_lowercase();
+
+                // Find corresponding Database column
+                let mut found = false;
+                for db_column in db_left.column..=db_right.column {
+                    let db_header = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                        sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                        row: db_left.row,
+                        column: db_column,
+                    });
+                    if let Ok(hs) = self.cast_to_string(db_header, cell) {
+                        if hs.to_lowercase() == wanted {
+                            crit_cols.push(db_column);
+                            found = true;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                if !found {
+                    // that means the criteria column has no matching DB column
+                    // If the criteria condition is empty then we remove this condition
+                    // otherwise this condition can never be satisfied
+                    // We evaluate all criteria rows to see if any is non-empty
+                    let mut has_non_empty = false;
+                    for r in (c_left.row + 1)..=c_right.row {
+                        let ccell = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                            sheet: c_left.sheet,
+                            row: r,
+                            column,
+                        });
+                        if !matches!(ccell, CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg) {
+                            has_non_empty = true;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if has_non_empty {
+                        // This criteria column can never be satisfied
+                        header_count -= 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        if c_right.row <= c_left.row {
+            // If no criteria rows (only headers), everything matches
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if header_count == 0 {
+            // If there are not "String" headers, nothing matches
+            // NB: There might be String headers that do not match any DB columns,
+            // in that case everything matches.
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Evaluate each criteria row (OR)
+        for r in (c_left.row + 1)..=c_right.row {
+            // AND across columns for this criteria row
+            let mut and_ok = true;
+
+            for (offset, db_col) in crit_cols.iter().enumerate() {
+                // Criteria cell
+                let ccell = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: c_left.sheet,
+                    row: r,
+                    column: c_left.column + offset as i32,
+                });
+
+                // Empty criteria cell -> ignored
+                if matches!(ccell, CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Database value for this row/column
+                let db_val = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: *db_col,
+                });
+
+                if !self.criteria_cell_matches(&db_val, &ccell) {
+                    and_ok = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if and_ok {
+                // This criteria row satisfied (OR)
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // none matched
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Implements Excel-like criteria matching for a single value.
+    /// Supports prefixes: <>, >=, <=, >, <, = ; wildcards * and ? for string equals.
+    fn criteria_cell_matches(&self, db_val: &CalcResult, crit_cell: &CalcResult) -> bool {
+        // Convert the criteria cell to a string for operator parsing if possible,
+        // otherwise fall back to equality via compare_values.
+
+        let mut criteria = match crit_cell {
+            CalcResult::String(s) => s.trim().to_string(),
+            CalcResult::Number(n) => {
+                // treat as equality with number
+                return match db_val {
+                    CalcResult::Number(v) => (*v - *n).abs() <= f64::EPSILON,
+                    _ => false,
+                };
+            }
+            CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
+                // check equality with boolean
+                return match db_val {
+                    CalcResult::Boolean(v) => *v == *b,
+                    _ => false,
+                };
+            }
+            CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+            CalcResult::Error { .. } => return false,
+            CalcResult::Range { .. } | CalcResult::Array(_) => return false,
+        };
+
+        // Detect operator prefix
+        let mut op = "="; // default equality (with wildcard semantics for strings)
+        let prefixes = ["<>", ">=", "<=", ">", "<", "="];
+        for p in prefixes.iter() {
+            if criteria.starts_with(p) {
+                op = p;
+                criteria = criteria[p.len()..].trim().to_string();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Is it a number?
+        let rhs_num = criteria.parse::<f64>().ok();
+
+        // Is it a date?
+        // FIXME: We should parse dates according to locale settings
+        let rhs_date = criteria.parse::<chrono::NaiveDate>().ok();
+
+        match op {
+            ">" | ">=" | "<" | "<=" => {
+                if let Some(d) = rhs_date {
+                    // date comparison
+                    let serial = match date_to_serial_number(d.day(), d.month(), d.year()) {
+                        Ok(sn) => sn as f64,
+                        Err(_) => return false,
+                    };
+
+                    if let CalcResult::Number(n) = db_val {
+                        match op {
+                            ">" => *n > serial,
+                            ">=" => *n >= serial,
+                            "<" => *n < serial,
+                            "<=" => *n <= serial,
+                            _ => false,
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        false
+                    }
+                } else if let Some(t) = rhs_num {
+                    // numeric comparison
+                    if let CalcResult::Number(n) = db_val {
+                        match op {
+                            ">" => *n > t,
+                            ">=" => *n >= t,
+                            "<" => *n < t,
+                            "<=" => *n <= t,
+                            _ => false,
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        false
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // string comparison (case-insensitive) using compare_values semantics
+                    let rhs = CalcResult::String(criteria.to_lowercase());
+                    let lhs = match db_val {
+                        CalcResult::String(s) => CalcResult::String(s.to_lowercase()),
+                        x => x.clone(),
+                    };
+                    let c = compare_values(&lhs, &rhs);
+                    match op {
+                        ">" => c > 0,
+                        ">=" => c >= 0,
+                        "<" => c < 0,
+                        "<=" => c <= 0,
+                        _ => false,
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            "<>" => {
+                // not equal (with wildcard semantics for strings)
+                // If rhs has wildcards and db_val is string, do regex; else use compare_values != 0
+                if let CalcResult::String(s) = db_val {
+                    if criteria.contains('*') || criteria.contains('?') {
+                        if let Ok(re) = from_wildcard_to_regex(&criteria.to_lowercase(), true) {
+                            return !result_matches_regex(
+                                &CalcResult::String(s.to_lowercase()),
+                                &re,
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                let rhs = if let Some(n) = rhs_num {
+                    CalcResult::Number(n)
+                } else {
+                    CalcResult::String(criteria.to_lowercase())
+                };
+                let lhs = match db_val {
+                    CalcResult::String(s) => CalcResult::String(s.to_lowercase()),
+                    x => x.clone(),
+                };
+                compare_values(&lhs, &rhs) != 0
+            }
+            _ => {
+                // equality. For strings, support wildcards (*, ?)
+                if let Some(n) = rhs_num {
+                    // numeric equals
+                    if let CalcResult::Number(m) = db_val {
+                        (*m - n).abs() <= f64::EPSILON
+                    } else {
+                        compare_values(db_val, &CalcResult::Number(n)) == 0
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // textual/boolean equals (case-insensitive), wildcard-enabled for strings
+                    if let CalcResult::String(s) = db_val {
+                        if criteria.contains('*') || criteria.contains('?') {
+                            if let Ok(re) = from_wildcard_to_regex(&criteria.to_lowercase(), true) {
+                                return result_matches_regex(
+                                    &CalcResult::String(s.to_lowercase()),
+                                    &re,
+                                );
+                            }
+                        }
+                        // This is weird but we only need to check if "starts with" for equality
+                        return s.to_lowercase().starts_with(&criteria.to_lowercase());
+                    }
+                    // Fallback: compare_values equality
+                    compare_values(db_val, &CalcResult::String(criteria.to_lowercase())) == 0
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Shared implementation for DMAX/DMIN
+    fn db_extreme(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+        want_max: bool,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let (db_left, db_right) = match self.get_reference(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let field_col = match self.resolve_db_field_column(db_left, db_right, &args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let criteria = match self.get_reference(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(r) => (r.left, r.right),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if db_right.row <= db_left.row {
+            // no data rows
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No data rows in database".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let mut best: Option<f64> = None;
+
+        let mut row = db_left.row + 1;
+        while row <= db_right.row {
+            if self.db_row_matches_criteria(db_left, db_right, row, criteria) {
+                let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: db_left.sheet,
+                    row,
+                    column: field_col,
+                });
+                if let CalcResult::Number(value) = v {
+                    if value.is_finite() {
+                        best = Some(match best {
+                            None => value,
+                            Some(cur) => {
+                                if want_max {
+                                    value.max(cur)
+                                } else {
+                                    value.min(cur)
+                                }
+                            }
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            row += 1;
+        }
+
+        match best {
+            Some(v) => CalcResult::Number(v),
+            None => CalcResult::Number(0.0),
+        }
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/engineering/bessel.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
+use statrs::function::erf::{erf, erfc};
+
 use crate::{
     calc_result::CalcResult,
     expressions::{parser::Node, token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex},
     model::Model,
 };
 
-use super::transcendental::{bessel_i, bessel_j, bessel_k, bessel_y, erf};
+use super::transcendental::{bessel_i, bessel_j, bessel_k, bessel_y};
 // https://root.cern/doc/v610/TMath_8cxx_source.html
 
 // Notice that the parameters for Bessel functions in Excel and here have inverted order
@@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ impl Model {
             Ok(f) => f,
             Err(s) => return s,
         };
-        CalcResult::Number(1.0 - erf(x))
+        CalcResult::Number(erfc(x))
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn fn_erfcprecise(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
@@ -171,6 +173,6 @@ impl Model {
             Ok(f) => f,
             Err(s) => return s,
         };
-        CalcResult::Number(1.0 - erf(x))
+        CalcResult::Number(erfc(x))
     }
 }

base/src/functions/engineering/complex.rs

@@ -46,18 +46,18 @@ impl fmt::Display for Complex {
         // it is a bit weird what Excel does but it seems it uses general notation for
         // numbers > 1e-20 and scientific notation for the rest
         let y_str = if y.abs() <= 9e-20 {
-            format!("{:E}", y)
+            format!("{y:E}")
         } else if y == 1.0 {
             "".to_string()
         } else if y == -1.0 {
             "-".to_string()
         } else {
-            format!("{}", y)
+            format!("{y}")
         };
         let x_str = if x.abs() <= 9e-20 {
-            format!("{:E}", x)
+            format!("{x:E}")
         } else {
-            format!("{}", x)
+            format!("{x}")
         };
         if y == 0.0 && x == 0.0 {
             write!(f, "0")
@@ -188,10 +188,7 @@ impl Model {
         node: &Node,
         cell: CellReferenceIndex,
     ) -> Result<(f64, f64, Suffix), CalcResult> {
-        let value = match self.get_string(node, cell) {
-            Ok(s) => s,
-            Err(s) => return Err(s),
-        };
+        let value = self.get_string(node, cell)?;
         if value.is_empty() {
             return Ok((0.0, 0.0, Suffix::I));
         }

base/src/functions/engineering/number_basis.rs

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             CalcResult::String(format!("{:0width$X}", HEX_MAX + value, width = 9))
         } else {
-            let result = format!("{:X}", value);
+            let result = format!("{value:X}");
             if let Some(places) = places {
                 if places < result.len() as i32 {
                     return CalcResult::new_error(
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             CalcResult::String(format!("{:0width$o}", OCT_MAX + value, width = 9))
         } else {
-            let result = format!("{:o}", value);
+            let result = format!("{value:o}");
             if let Some(places) = places {
                 if places < result.len() as i32 {
                     return CalcResult::new_error(
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             value += 1024;
         }
-        let result = format!("{:b}", value);
+        let result = format!("{value:b}");
         if let Some(places) = places {
             if value_raw > 0.0 && places < result.len() as i32 {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Out of bounds".to_string());
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             value += HEX_MAX;
         }
-        let result = format!("{:X}", value);
+        let result = format!("{value:X}");
         if let Some(places) = places {
             if value_raw > 0.0 && places < result.len() as i32 {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Out of bounds".to_string());
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             value += OCT_MAX;
         }
-        let result = format!("{:o}", value);
+        let result = format!("{value:o}");
         if let Some(places) = places {
             if value_raw > 0.0 && places < result.len() as i32 {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Out of bounds".to_string());
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             value += 1024;
         }
-        let result = format!("{:b}", value);
+        let result = format!("{value:b}");
         if let Some(places) = places {
             if places <= 0 || (value > 0 && places < result.len() as i32) {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Out of bounds".to_string());
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             value += OCT_MAX;
         }
-        let result = format!("{:o}", value);
+        let result = format!("{value:o}");
         if let Some(places) = places {
             if places <= 0 || (value > 0 && places < result.len() as i32) {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Out of bounds".to_string());
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             value += 1024;
         }
-        let result = format!("{:b}", value);
+        let result = format!("{value:b}");
         if let Some(places) = places {
             if value < 512 && places < result.len() as i32 {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Out of bounds".to_string());
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ impl Model {
         if value < 0 {
             value += HEX_MAX;
         }
-        let result = format!("{:X}", value);
+        let result = format!("{value:X}");
         if let Some(places) = places {
             if value < HEX_MAX_HALF && places < result.len() as i32 {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Out of bounds".to_string());

base/src/functions/engineering/transcendental/erf.rs

@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-pub(crate) fn erf(x: f64) -> f64 {
-    let cof = vec![
-        -1.3026537197817094,
-        6.419_697_923_564_902e-1,
-        1.9476473204185836e-2,
-        -9.561_514_786_808_63e-3,
-        -9.46595344482036e-4,
-        3.66839497852761e-4,
-        4.2523324806907e-5,
-        -2.0278578112534e-5,
-        -1.624290004647e-6,
-        1.303655835580e-6,
-        1.5626441722e-8,
-        -8.5238095915e-8,
-        6.529054439e-9,
-        5.059343495e-9,
-        -9.91364156e-10,
-        -2.27365122e-10,
-        9.6467911e-11,
-        2.394038e-12,
-        -6.886027e-12,
-        8.94487e-13,
-        3.13092e-13,
-        -1.12708e-13,
-        3.81e-16,
-        7.106e-15,
-        -1.523e-15,
-        -9.4e-17,
-        1.21e-16,
-        -2.8e-17,
-    ];
-
-    let mut d = 0.0;
-    let mut dd = 0.0;
-
-    let x_abs = x.abs();
-
-    let t = 2.0 / (2.0 + x_abs);
-    let ty = 4.0 * t - 2.0;
-
-    for j in (1..=cof.len() - 1).rev() {
-        let tmp = d;
-        d = ty * d - dd + cof[j];
-        dd = tmp;
-    }
-
-    let res = t * f64::exp(-x_abs * x_abs + 0.5 * (cof[0] + ty * d) - dd);
-    if x < 0.0 {
-        res - 1.0
-    } else {
-        1.0 - res
-    }
-}

base/src/functions/engineering/transcendental/mod.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ mod bessel_j1_y1;
 mod bessel_jn_yn;
 mod bessel_k;
 mod bessel_util;
-mod erf;
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test_bessel;
@@ -13,4 +12,3 @@ pub(crate) use bessel_i::bessel_i;
 pub(crate) use bessel_jn_yn::jn as bessel_j;
 pub(crate) use bessel_jn_yn::yn as bessel_y;
 pub(crate) use bessel_k::bessel_k;
-pub(crate) use erf::erf;

base/src/functions/financial.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ use chrono::Datelike;
 
 use crate::{
     calc_result::CalcResult,
-    constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW},
+    constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW, MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER, MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER},
     expressions::{parser::Node, token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex},
     formatter::dates::from_excel_date,
     model::Model,
@@ -13,37 +13,32 @@ use super::financial_util::{compute_irr, compute_npv, compute_rate, compute_xirr
 // See:
 // https://github.com/apache/openoffice/blob/c014b5f2b55cff8d4b0c952d5c16d62ecde09ca1/main/scaddins/source/analysis/financial.cxx
 
-// FIXME: Is this enough?
-fn is_valid_date(date: f64) -> bool {
-    date > 0.0
-}
-
-fn is_less_than_one_year(start_date: i64, end_date: i64) -> bool {
+fn is_less_than_one_year(start_date: i64, end_date: i64) -> Result<bool, String> {
+    let end = from_excel_date(end_date)?;
+    let start = from_excel_date(start_date)?;
     if end_date - start_date < 365 {
-        return true;
+        return Ok(true);
     }
-    let end = from_excel_date(end_date);
-    let start = from_excel_date(start_date);
     let end_year = end.year();
     let start_year = start.year();
     if end_year == start_year {
-        return true;
+        return Ok(true);
     }
     if end_year != start_year + 1 {
-        return false;
+        return Ok(false);
     }
     let start_month = start.month();
     let end_month = end.month();
     if end_month < start_month {
-        return true;
+        return Ok(true);
     }
     if end_month > start_month {
-        return false;
+        return Ok(false);
     }
     // we are one year later same month
     let start_day = start.day();
     let end_day = end.day();
-    end_day <= start_day
+    Ok(end_day <= start_day)
 }
 
 fn compute_payment(
@@ -236,7 +231,7 @@ impl Model {
                             CalcResult::new_error(
                                 Error::ERROR,
                                 *cell,
-                                format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", sheet),
+                                format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{sheet}'"),
                             )
                         })?
                         .dimension()
@@ -250,7 +245,7 @@ impl Model {
                             CalcResult::new_error(
                                 Error::ERROR,
                                 *cell,
-                                format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", sheet),
+                                format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{sheet}'"),
                             )
                         })?
                         .dimension()
@@ -436,7 +431,7 @@ impl Model {
         }
         if rate == -1.0 {
             return CalcResult::Error {
-                error: Error::NUM,
+                error: Error::DIV,
                 origin: cell,
                 message: "Rate must be != -1".to_string(),
             };
@@ -923,7 +918,9 @@ impl Model {
         }
         let first_date = dates[0];
         for date in &dates {
-            if !is_valid_date(*date) {
+            if *date < MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER as f64
+                || *date > MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER as f64
+            {
                 // Excel docs claim that if any number in dates is not a valid date,
                 // XNPV returns the #VALUE! error value, but it seems to return #VALUE!
                 return CalcResult::new_error(
@@ -989,7 +986,9 @@ impl Model {
         }
         let first_date = dates[0];
         for date in &dates {
-            if !is_valid_date(*date) {
+            if *date < MINIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER as f64
+                || *date > MAXIMUM_DATE_SERIAL_NUMBER as f64
+            {
                 return CalcResult::new_error(
                     Error::NUM,
                     cell,
@@ -1373,9 +1372,10 @@ impl Model {
             Ok(f) => f,
             Err(s) => return s,
         };
-        if !is_valid_date(settlement) || !is_valid_date(maturity) {
-            return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Invalid date".to_string());
-        }
+        let less_than_one_year = match is_less_than_one_year(settlement as i64, maturity as i64) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(_) => return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Invalid date".to_string()),
+        };
         if settlement > maturity {
             return CalcResult::new_error(
                 Error::NUM,
@@ -1383,7 +1383,7 @@ impl Model {
                 "settlement should be <= maturity".to_string(),
             );
         }
-        if !is_less_than_one_year(settlement as i64, maturity as i64) {
+        if !less_than_one_year {
             return CalcResult::new_error(
                 Error::NUM,
                 cell,
@@ -1437,9 +1437,10 @@ impl Model {
             Ok(f) => f,
             Err(s) => return s,
         };
-        if !is_valid_date(settlement) || !is_valid_date(maturity) {
-            return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Invalid date".to_string());
-        }
+        let less_than_one_year = match is_less_than_one_year(settlement as i64, maturity as i64) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(_) => return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Invalid date".to_string()),
+        };
         if settlement > maturity {
             return CalcResult::new_error(
                 Error::NUM,
@@ -1447,7 +1448,7 @@ impl Model {
                 "settlement should be <= maturity".to_string(),
             );
         }
-        if !is_less_than_one_year(settlement as i64, maturity as i64) {
+        if !less_than_one_year {
             return CalcResult::new_error(
                 Error::NUM,
                 cell,
@@ -1487,9 +1488,10 @@ impl Model {
             Ok(f) => f,
             Err(s) => return s,
         };
-        if !is_valid_date(settlement) || !is_valid_date(maturity) {
-            return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Invalid date".to_string());
-        }
+        let less_than_one_year = match is_less_than_one_year(settlement as i64, maturity as i64) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(_) => return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Invalid date".to_string()),
+        };
         if settlement > maturity {
             return CalcResult::new_error(
                 Error::NUM,
@@ -1497,7 +1499,7 @@ impl Model {
                 "settlement should be <= maturity".to_string(),
             );
         }
-        if !is_less_than_one_year(settlement as i64, maturity as i64) {
+        if !less_than_one_year {
             return CalcResult::new_error(
                 Error::NUM,
                 cell,

base/src/functions/information.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::{
     calc_result::CalcResult,
-    expressions::{parser::Node, token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex},
+    expressions::{parser::Node, token::Error, types::CellReferenceIndex, utils::number_to_column},
     model::{Model, ParsedDefinedName},
 };
 
@@ -235,6 +235,11 @@ impl Model {
                 // This cannot happen
                 CalcResult::Number(1.0)
             }
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            },
         }
     }
     pub(crate) fn fn_sheet(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
@@ -249,7 +254,7 @@ impl Model {
         // The arg could be a defined name or a table
         // let  = &args[0];
         match &args[0] {
-            Node::DefinedNameKind((name, scope)) => {
+            Node::DefinedNameKind((name, scope, _)) => {
                 // Let's see if it is a defined name
                 if let Some(defined_name) = self
                     .parsed_defined_names
@@ -315,4 +320,150 @@ impl Model {
             message: "Invalid name".to_string(),
         }
     }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_n(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let arg_count = args.len();
+        if arg_count != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        let value = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Number(n) => n,
+            CalcResult::String(_) => 0.0,
+            CalcResult::Boolean(f) => {
+                if f {
+                    1.0
+                } else {
+                    0.0
+                }
+            }
+            CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => 0.0,
+            error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+            CalcResult::Range { .. } => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        CalcResult::Number(value)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_sheets(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let arg_count = args.len();
+        if arg_count > 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        if arg_count == 1 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Sheets function with an argument is not implemented".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        let sheet_count = self.workbook.worksheets.len() as f64;
+        CalcResult::Number(sheet_count)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_cell(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let arg_count = args.len();
+        if arg_count == 0 || arg_count > 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        let reference = if arg_count == 2 {
+            match self.evaluate_node_with_reference(&args[1], cell) {
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right: _ } => {
+                    // we just take the left cell of the range
+                    left
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::VALUE,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Argument must be a reference".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            CellReferenceIndex {
+                sheet: cell.sheet,
+                row: cell.row,
+                column: cell.column,
+            }
+        };
+        let info_type = match self.get_string(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s.to_uppercase(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        match info_type.as_str() {
+            "ADDRESS" => {
+                if reference.sheet != cell.sheet {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "References to other sheets not implemented".to_string(),
+                    };
+                }
+                let column = match number_to_column(reference.column) {
+                    Some(c) => c,
+                    None => {
+                        return CalcResult::Error {
+                            error: Error::VALUE,
+                            origin: cell,
+                            message: "Invalid column".to_string(),
+                        }
+                    }
+                };
+                let address = format!("${}${}", column, reference.row);
+                CalcResult::String(address)
+            }
+            "COL" => CalcResult::Number(reference.column as f64),
+            "COLOR" | "FILENAME" | "FORMAT" | "PARENTHESES" | "PREFIX" | "PROTECT" | "WIDTH" => {
+                CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::VALUE,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "info_type not implemented".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+            "CONTENTS" => self.evaluate_cell(reference),
+            "ROW" => CalcResult::Number(reference.row as f64),
+            "TYPE" => {
+                let cell_type = match self.evaluate_cell(reference) {
+                    CalcResult::EmptyCell => "b",
+                    CalcResult::String(_) => "l",
+                    CalcResult::Number(_) => "v",
+                    CalcResult::Boolean(_) => "v",
+                    CalcResult::Error { .. } => "v",
+                    CalcResult::Range { .. } => "v",
+                    CalcResult::EmptyArg => "v",
+                    CalcResult::Array(_) => "v",
+                };
+                CalcResult::String(cell_type.to_string())
+            }
+            _ => CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::VALUE,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid info_type".to_string(),
+            },
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_info(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() || args.len() > 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        CalcResult::Error {
+            error: Error::NIMPL,
+            origin: cell,
+            message: "Info function not implemented".to_string(),
+        }
+    }
 }

base/src/functions/logical.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,22 @@ use crate::{
 use super::util::compare_values;
 
 impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_true(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            CalcResult::Boolean(true)
+        } else {
+            CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_false(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            CalcResult::Boolean(false)
+        } else {
+            CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell)
+        }
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn fn_if(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
         if args.len() == 2 || args.len() == 3 {
             let cond_result = self.get_boolean(&args[0], cell);
@@ -145,6 +161,13 @@ impl Model {
                                 CalcResult::Range { .. }
                                 | CalcResult::String { .. }
                                 | CalcResult::EmptyCell => {}
+                                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
                             }
                             if let (Some(current_result), Some(short_circuit_value)) =
                                 (result, short_circuit_value)
@@ -169,6 +192,13 @@ impl Model {
                 }
                 // References to empty cells are ignored. If all args are ignored the result is #VALUE!
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell => {}
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             }
 
             if let (Some(current_result), Some(short_circuit_value)) = (result, short_circuit_value)
@@ -216,7 +246,7 @@ impl Model {
         }
         // None of the cases matched so we return the default
         // If there is an even number of args is the last one otherwise is #N/A
-        if args_count % 2 == 0 {
+        if args_count.is_multiple_of(2) {
             return self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[args_count - 1], cell);
         }
         CalcResult::Error {
@@ -232,7 +262,7 @@ impl Model {
         if args_count < 2 {
             return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
         }
-        if args_count % 2 != 0 {
+        if !args_count.is_multiple_of(2) {
             // Missing value for last condition
             return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
         }

base/src/functions/lookup_and_reference.rs

@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ impl Model {
             if left.row != right.row || left.column != right.column {
                 // FIXME: Implicit intersection or dynamic arrays
                 return CalcResult::Error {
-                    error: Error::ERROR,
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
                     origin: cell,
                     message: "argument must be a reference to a single cell".to_string(),
                 };

base/src/functions/macros.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#[macro_export]
+macro_rules! single_number_fn {
+    // The macro takes:
+    //   1) A function name to define (e.g. fn_sin)
+    //   2) The operation to apply (e.g. f64::sin)
+    ($fn_name:ident, $op:expr) => {
+        pub(crate) fn $fn_name(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+            // 1) Check exactly one argument
+            if args.len() != 1 {
+                return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+            }
+            // 2) Try to get a "NumberOrArray"
+            match self.get_number_or_array(&args[0], cell) {
+                // -----------------------------------------
+                // Case A: It's a single number
+                // -----------------------------------------
+                Ok(NumberOrArray::Number(f)) => match $op(f) {
+                    Ok(x) => CalcResult::Number(x),
+                    Err(Error::DIV) => CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::DIV,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Divide by 0".to_string(),
+                    },
+                    Err(Error::VALUE) => CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::VALUE,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Invalid number".to_string(),
+                    },
+                    Err(e) => CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: e,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Unknown error".to_string(),
+                    },
+                },
+
+                // -----------------------------------------
+                // Case B: It's an array, so apply $op
+                // element-by-element.
+                // -----------------------------------------
+                Ok(NumberOrArray::Array(a)) => {
+                    let mut array = Vec::new();
+                    for row in a {
+                        let mut data_row = Vec::with_capacity(row.len());
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                // If Boolean, treat as 0.0 or 1.0
+                                ArrayNode::Boolean(b) => {
+                                    let n = if b { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
+                                    match $op(n) {
+                                        Ok(x) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Number(x)),
+                                        Err(Error::DIV) => {
+                                            data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::DIV))
+                                        }
+                                        Err(Error::VALUE) => {
+                                            data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE))
+                                        }
+                                        Err(e) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(e)),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                // If Number, apply directly
+                                ArrayNode::Number(n) => match $op(n) {
+                                    Ok(x) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Number(x)),
+                                    Err(Error::DIV) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::DIV)),
+                                    Err(Error::VALUE) => {
+                                        data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE))
+                                    }
+                                    Err(e) => data_row.push(ArrayNode::Error(e)),
+                                },
+                                // If String, parse to f64 then apply or #VALUE! error
+                                ArrayNode::String(s) => {
+                                    let node = match self.cast_number(&s) {
+                                        Some(f) => match $op(f) {
+                                            Ok(x) => ArrayNode::Number(x),
+                                            Err(Error::DIV) => ArrayNode::Error(Error::DIV),
+                                            Err(Error::VALUE) => ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE),
+                                            Err(e) => ArrayNode::Error(e),
+                                        },
+                                        None => ArrayNode::Error(Error::VALUE),
+                                    };
+                                    data_row.push(node);
+                                }
+                                // If Error, propagate the error
+                                e @ ArrayNode::Error(_) => {
+                                    data_row.push(e);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        array.push(data_row);
+                    }
+                    CalcResult::Array(array)
+                }
+
+                // -----------------------------------------
+                // Case C: It's an Error => just return it
+                // -----------------------------------------
+                Err(err_result) => err_result,
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}

base/src/functions/math_util.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+/// Parse Roman (classic or Excel variants) → number
+pub fn from_roman(s: &str) -> Result<u32, String> {
+    if s.is_empty() {
+        return Err("empty numeral".into());
+    }
+    fn val(c: char) -> Option<u32> {
+        Some(match c {
+            'I' => 1,
+            'V' => 5,
+            'X' => 10,
+            'L' => 50,
+            'C' => 100,
+            'D' => 500,
+            'M' => 1000,
+            _ => return None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    // Accept the union of subtractive pairs used by the tables above (Excel-compatible).
+    fn allowed_subtractive(a: char, b: char) -> bool {
+        matches!(
+            (a, b),
+            // classic:
+            ('I','V')|('I','X')|('X','L')|('X','C')|('C','D')|('C','M')
+            // Excel forms:
+            |('V','L')|('L','D')|('L','M') // VL, LD, LM
+            |('X','D')|('X','M')          // XD, XM
+            |('V','M')                    // VM
+            |('I','L')|('I','C')|('I','D')|('I','M') // IL, IC, ID, IM
+            |('V','D')|('V','C') // VD, VC
+        )
+    }
+
+    let chars: Vec<char> = s.chars().map(|c| c.to_ascii_uppercase()).collect();
+    let mut total = 0u32;
+    let mut i = 0usize;
+
+    // Repetition rules similar to classic Romans:
+    // V, L, D cannot repeat; I, X, C, M max 3 in a row.
+    let mut last_char: Option<char> = None;
+    let mut run_len = 0usize;
+
+    while i < chars.len() {
+        let c = chars[i];
+        let v = val(c).ok_or_else(|| format!("invalid character '{c}'"))?;
+
+        if Some(c) == last_char {
+            run_len += 1;
+            match c {
+                'V' | 'L' | 'D' => return Err(format!("invalid repetition of '{c}'")),
+                _ if run_len >= 3 => return Err(format!("invalid repetition of '{c}'")),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        } else {
+            last_char = Some(c);
+            run_len = 0;
+        }
+
+        if i + 1 < chars.len() {
+            let c2 = chars[i + 1];
+            let v2 = val(c2).ok_or_else(|| format!("invalid character '{c2}'"))?;
+            if v < v2 {
+                if !allowed_subtractive(c, c2) {
+                    return Err(format!("invalid subtractive pair '{c}{c2}'"));
+                }
+                // Disallow stacked subtractives like IIV, XXL:
+                if run_len > 0 {
+                    return Err(format!("malformed numeral near position {i}"));
+                }
+                total += v2 - v;
+                i += 2;
+                last_char = None;
+                run_len = 0;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        total += v;
+        i += 1;
+    }
+    Ok(total)
+}
+
+/// Classic Roman (strict) encoder used as a base for all forms.
+fn to_roman(mut n: u32) -> Result<String, String> {
+    if !(1..=3999).contains(&n) {
+        return Err("value out of range (must be 1..=3999)".into());
+    }
+
+    const MAP: &[(u32, &str)] = &[
+        (1000, "M"),
+        (900, "CM"),
+        (500, "D"),
+        (400, "CD"),
+        (100, "C"),
+        (90, "XC"),
+        (50, "L"),
+        (40, "XL"),
+        (10, "X"),
+        (9, "IX"),
+        (5, "V"),
+        (4, "IV"),
+        (1, "I"),
+    ];
+
+    let mut out = String::with_capacity(15);
+    for &(val, sym) in MAP {
+        while n >= val {
+            out.push_str(sym);
+            n -= val;
+        }
+        if n == 0 {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(out)
+}
+
+/// Excel/Google Sheets compatible ROMAN(number, [form]) encoder.
+/// `form`: 0..=4 (0=Classic, 4=Simplified).
+pub fn to_roman_with_form(n: u32, form: i32) -> Result<String, String> {
+    let mut s = to_roman(n)?;
+    if form == 0 {
+        return Ok(s);
+    }
+    if !(0..=4).contains(&form) {
+        return Err("form must be between 0 and 4".into());
+    }
+
+    // Base rules (apply for all f >= 1)
+    let base_rules: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+        // C(D|M)XC -> L$1XL
+        ("CDXC", "LDXL"),
+        ("CMXC", "LMXL"),
+        // C(D|M)L -> L$1
+        ("CDL", "LD"),
+        ("CML", "LM"),
+        // X(L|C)IX -> V$1IV
+        ("XLIX", "VLIV"),
+        ("XCIX", "VCIV"),
+        // X(L|C)V -> V$1
+        ("XLV", "VL"),
+        ("XCV", "VC"),
+    ];
+
+    // Level 2 extra rules
+    let lvl2_rules: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+        // V(L|C)IV -> I$1
+        ("VLIV", "IL"),
+        ("VCIV", "IC"),
+        // L(D|M)XL -> X$1
+        ("LDXL", "XD"),
+        ("LMXL", "XM"),
+        // L(D|M)VL -> X$1V
+        ("LDVL", "XDV"),
+        ("LMVL", "XMV"),
+        // L(D|M)IL -> X$1IX
+        ("LDIL", "XDIX"),
+        ("LMIL", "XMIX"),
+    ];
+
+    // Level 3 extra rules
+    let lvl3_rules: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+        // X(D|M)V -> V$1
+        ("XDV", "VD"),
+        ("XMV", "VM"),
+        // X(D|M)IX -> V$1IV
+        ("XDIX", "VDIV"),
+        ("XMIX", "VMIV"),
+    ];
+
+    // Level 4 extra rules
+    let lvl4_rules: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+        // V(D|M)IV -> I$1
+        ("VDIV", "ID"),
+        ("VMIV", "IM"),
+    ];
+
+    // Helper to apply a batch of (from -> to) globally, in order.
+    fn apply_rules(mut t: String, rules: &[(&str, &str)]) -> String {
+        for (from, to) in rules {
+            if t.contains(from) {
+                t = t.replace(from, to);
+            }
+        }
+        t
+    }
+
+    s = apply_rules(s, base_rules);
+    if form >= 2 {
+        s = apply_rules(s, lvl2_rules);
+    }
+    if form >= 3 {
+        s = apply_rules(s, lvl3_rules);
+    }
+    if form >= 4 {
+        s = apply_rules(s, lvl4_rules);
+    }
+    Ok(s)
+}

base/src/functions/mathematical_sum.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+type TwoMatricesResult = (i32, i32, Vec<Option<f64>>, Vec<Option<f64>>);
+
+// Helper to check if two shapes are the same or compatible 1D shapes
+fn is_same_shape_or_1d(rows1: i32, cols1: i32, rows2: i32, cols2: i32) -> bool {
+    (rows1 == rows2 && cols1 == cols2)
+        || (rows1 == 1 && cols2 == 1 && cols1 == rows2)
+        || (rows2 == 1 && cols1 == 1 && cols2 == rows1)
+}
+
+impl Model {
+    // SUMX2MY2(array_x, array_y) - Returns the sum of the difference of squares
+    pub(crate) fn fn_sumx2my2(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let result = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(s) => return s,
+        };
+
+        let (_, _, values_left, values_right) = result;
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        for (x_opt, y_opt) in values_left.into_iter().zip(values_right.into_iter()) {
+            let x = x_opt.unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let y = y_opt.unwrap_or(0.0);
+            sum += x * x - y * y;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(sum)
+    }
+
+    // SUMX2PY2(array_x, array_y) - Returns the sum of the sum of squares
+    pub(crate) fn fn_sumx2py2(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let result = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(s) => return s,
+        };
+
+        let (_rows, _cols, values_left, values_right) = result;
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        for (x_opt, y_opt) in values_left.into_iter().zip(values_right.into_iter()) {
+            let x = x_opt.unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let y = y_opt.unwrap_or(0.0);
+            sum += x * x + y * y;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(sum)
+    }
+
+    // SUMXMY2(array_x, array_y) - Returns the sum of squares of differences
+    pub(crate) fn fn_sumxmy2(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let result = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(s) => return s,
+        };
+
+        let (_, _, values_left, values_right) = result;
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        for (x_opt, y_opt) in values_left.into_iter().zip(values_right.into_iter()) {
+            let x = x_opt.unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let y = y_opt.unwrap_or(0.0);
+            let diff = x - y;
+            sum += diff * diff;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(sum)
+    }
+
+    // Helper function to extract and validate two matrices (ranges or arrays) with compatible shapes.
+    // Returns (rows, cols, values_left, values_right) or an error.
+    pub(crate) fn fn_get_two_matrices(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> Result<TwoMatricesResult, CalcResult> {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return Err(CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell));
+        }
+        let x_range = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell);
+        let y_range = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell);
+
+        let result = match (x_range, y_range) {
+            (
+                CalcResult::Range {
+                    left: l1,
+                    right: r1,
+                },
+                CalcResult::Range {
+                    left: l2,
+                    right: r2,
+                },
+            ) => {
+                if l1.sheet != l2.sheet {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                let rows1 = r1.row - l1.row + 1;
+                let cols1 = r1.column - l1.column + 1;
+                let rows2 = r2.row - l2.row + 1;
+                let cols2 = r2.column - l2.column + 1;
+                if !is_same_shape_or_1d(rows1, cols1, rows2, cols2) {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Ranges must be of the same shape".to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                let values_left = self.values_from_range(l1, r1)?;
+                let values_right = self.values_from_range(l2, r2)?;
+                (rows1, cols1, values_left, values_right)
+            }
+            (
+                CalcResult::Array(left),
+                CalcResult::Range {
+                    left: l2,
+                    right: r2,
+                },
+            ) => {
+                let rows2 = r2.row - l2.row + 1;
+                let cols2 = r2.column - l2.column + 1;
+
+                let rows1 = left.len() as i32;
+                let cols1 = if rows1 > 0 { left[0].len() as i32 } else { 0 };
+                if !is_same_shape_or_1d(rows1, cols1, rows2, cols2) {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Array and range must be of the same shape".to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                let values_left = match self.values_from_array(left) {
+                    Err(error) => {
+                        return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            format!("Error in first array: {:?}", error),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    Ok(v) => v,
+                };
+                let values_right = self.values_from_range(l2, r2)?;
+                (rows2, cols2, values_left, values_right)
+            }
+            (
+                CalcResult::Range {
+                    left: l1,
+                    right: r1,
+                },
+                CalcResult::Array(right),
+            ) => {
+                let rows1 = r1.row - l1.row + 1;
+                let cols1 = r1.column - l1.column + 1;
+
+                let rows2 = right.len() as i32;
+                let cols2 = if rows2 > 0 { right[0].len() as i32 } else { 0 };
+                if !is_same_shape_or_1d(rows1, cols1, rows2, cols2) {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Range and array must be of the same shape".to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                let values_left = self.values_from_range(l1, r1)?;
+                let values_right = match self.values_from_array(right) {
+                    Err(error) => {
+                        return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            format!("Error in second array: {:?}", error),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    Ok(v) => v,
+                };
+                (rows1, cols1, values_left, values_right)
+            }
+            (CalcResult::Array(left), CalcResult::Array(right)) => {
+                let rows1 = left.len() as i32;
+                let rows2 = right.len() as i32;
+                let cols1 = if rows1 > 0 { left[0].len() as i32 } else { 0 };
+                let cols2 = if rows2 > 0 { right[0].len() as i32 } else { 0 };
+
+                if !is_same_shape_or_1d(rows1, cols1, rows2, cols2) {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Arrays must be of the same shape".to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                let values_left = match self.values_from_array(left) {
+                    Err(error) => {
+                        return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            format!("Error in first array: {:?}", error),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    Ok(v) => v,
+                };
+                let values_right = match self.values_from_array(right) {
+                    Err(error) => {
+                        return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            format!("Error in second array: {:?}", error),
+                        ));
+                    }
+                    Ok(v) => v,
+                };
+                (rows1, cols1, values_left, values_right)
+            }
+            _ => {
+                return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Both arguments must be ranges or arrays".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+        };
+        Ok(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical.rs

@@ -1,719 +0,0 @@
-use crate::constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW};
-use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
-use crate::{
-    calc_result::{CalcResult, Range},
-    expressions::parser::Node,
-    expressions::token::Error,
-    model::Model,
-};
-
-use super::util::build_criteria;
-
-impl Model {
-    pub(crate) fn fn_average(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        if args.is_empty() {
-            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
-        }
-        let mut count = 0.0;
-        let mut sum = 0.0;
-        for arg in args {
-            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
-                    count += 1.0;
-                    sum += value;
-                }
-                CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
-                    if let Node::ReferenceKind { .. } = arg {
-                    } else {
-                        sum += if b { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
-                        count += 1.0;
-                    }
-                }
-                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                        return CalcResult::new_error(
-                            Error::VALUE,
-                            cell,
-                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                        );
-                    }
-                    for row in left.row..(right.row + 1) {
-                        for column in left.column..(right.column + 1) {
-                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                                sheet: left.sheet,
-                                row,
-                                column,
-                            }) {
-                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
-                                    count += 1.0;
-                                    sum += value;
-                                }
-                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
-                                CalcResult::Range { .. } => {
-                                    return CalcResult::new_error(
-                                        Error::ERROR,
-                                        cell,
-                                        "Unexpected Range".to_string(),
-                                    );
-                                }
-                                _ => {}
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
-                CalcResult::String(s) => {
-                    if let Node::ReferenceKind { .. } = arg {
-                        // Do nothing
-                    } else if let Ok(t) = s.parse::<f64>() {
-                        sum += t;
-                        count += 1.0;
-                    } else {
-                        return CalcResult::Error {
-                            error: Error::VALUE,
-                            origin: cell,
-                            message: "Argument cannot be cast into number".to_string(),
-                        };
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    // Ignore everything else
-                }
-            };
-        }
-        if count == 0.0 {
-            return CalcResult::Error {
-                error: Error::DIV,
-                origin: cell,
-                message: "Division by Zero".to_string(),
-            };
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(sum / count)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_averagea(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        if args.is_empty() {
-            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
-        }
-        let mut count = 0.0;
-        let mut sum = 0.0;
-        for arg in args {
-            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
-                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                        return CalcResult::new_error(
-                            Error::VALUE,
-                            cell,
-                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                        );
-                    }
-                    for row in left.row..(right.row + 1) {
-                        for column in left.column..(right.column + 1) {
-                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                                sheet: left.sheet,
-                                row,
-                                column,
-                            }) {
-                                CalcResult::String(_) => count += 1.0,
-                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
-                                    count += 1.0;
-                                    sum += value;
-                                }
-                                CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
-                                    if b {
-                                        sum += 1.0;
-                                    }
-                                    count += 1.0;
-                                }
-                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
-                                CalcResult::Range { .. } => {
-                                    return CalcResult::new_error(
-                                        Error::ERROR,
-                                        cell,
-                                        "Unexpected Range".to_string(),
-                                    );
-                                }
-                                CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => {}
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
-                    count += 1.0;
-                    sum += value;
-                }
-                CalcResult::String(s) => {
-                    if let Node::ReferenceKind { .. } = arg {
-                        // Do nothing
-                        count += 1.0;
-                    } else if let Ok(t) = s.parse::<f64>() {
-                        sum += t;
-                        count += 1.0;
-                    } else {
-                        return CalcResult::Error {
-                            error: Error::VALUE,
-                            origin: cell,
-                            message: "Argument cannot be cast into number".to_string(),
-                        };
-                    }
-                }
-                CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
-                    count += 1.0;
-                    if b {
-                        sum += 1.0;
-                    }
-                }
-                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
-                CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => {}
-            };
-        }
-        if count == 0.0 {
-            return CalcResult::Error {
-                error: Error::DIV,
-                origin: cell,
-                message: "Division by Zero".to_string(),
-            };
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(sum / count)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_count(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        if args.is_empty() {
-            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
-        }
-        let mut result = 0.0;
-        for arg in args {
-            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(_) => {
-                    result += 1.0;
-                }
-                CalcResult::Boolean(_) => {
-                    if !matches!(arg, Node::ReferenceKind { .. }) {
-                        result += 1.0;
-                    }
-                }
-                CalcResult::String(s) => {
-                    if !matches!(arg, Node::ReferenceKind { .. }) && s.parse::<f64>().is_ok() {
-                        result += 1.0;
-                    }
-                }
-                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                        return CalcResult::new_error(
-                            Error::VALUE,
-                            cell,
-                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                        );
-                    }
-                    for row in left.row..(right.row + 1) {
-                        for column in left.column..(right.column + 1) {
-                            if let CalcResult::Number(_) = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                                sheet: left.sheet,
-                                row,
-                                column,
-                            }) {
-                                result += 1.0;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    // Ignore everything else
-                }
-            };
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(result)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_counta(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        if args.is_empty() {
-            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
-        }
-        let mut result = 0.0;
-        for arg in args {
-            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
-                CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => {}
-                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                        return CalcResult::new_error(
-                            Error::VALUE,
-                            cell,
-                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                        );
-                    }
-                    for row in left.row..(right.row + 1) {
-                        for column in left.column..(right.column + 1) {
-                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                                sheet: left.sheet,
-                                row,
-                                column,
-                            }) {
-                                CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => {}
-                                _ => {
-                                    result += 1.0;
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    result += 1.0;
-                }
-            };
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(result)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_countblank(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        // COUNTBLANK requires only one argument
-        if args.len() != 1 {
-            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
-        }
-        let mut result = 0.0;
-        for arg in args {
-            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
-                CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => result += 1.0,
-                CalcResult::String(s) => {
-                    if s.is_empty() {
-                        result += 1.0
-                    }
-                }
-                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                        return CalcResult::new_error(
-                            Error::VALUE,
-                            cell,
-                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                        );
-                    }
-                    for row in left.row..(right.row + 1) {
-                        for column in left.column..(right.column + 1) {
-                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                                sheet: left.sheet,
-                                row,
-                                column,
-                            }) {
-                                CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => result += 1.0,
-                                CalcResult::String(s) => {
-                                    if s.is_empty() {
-                                        result += 1.0
-                                    }
-                                }
-                                _ => {}
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => {}
-            };
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(result)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_countif(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        if args.len() == 2 {
-            let arguments = vec![args[0].clone(), args[1].clone()];
-            self.fn_countifs(&arguments, cell)
-        } else {
-            CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell)
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// AVERAGEIF(criteria_range, criteria, [average_range])
-    /// if average_rage is missing then criteria_range will be used
-    pub(crate) fn fn_averageif(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        if args.len() == 2 {
-            let arguments = vec![args[0].clone(), args[0].clone(), args[1].clone()];
-            self.fn_averageifs(&arguments, cell)
-        } else if args.len() == 3 {
-            let arguments = vec![args[2].clone(), args[0].clone(), args[1].clone()];
-            self.fn_averageifs(&arguments, cell)
-        } else {
-            CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell)
-        }
-    }
-
-    // FIXME: This function shares a lot of code with apply_ifs. Can we merge them?
-    pub(crate) fn fn_countifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        let args_count = args.len();
-        if args_count < 2 || args_count % 2 == 1 {
-            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
-        }
-
-        let case_count = args_count / 2;
-        // NB: this is a beautiful example of the borrow checker
-        // The order of these two definitions cannot be swapped.
-        let mut criteria = Vec::new();
-        let mut fn_criteria = Vec::new();
-        let ranges = &mut Vec::new();
-        for case_index in 0..case_count {
-            let criterion = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2 + 1], cell);
-            criteria.push(criterion);
-            // NB: We cannot do:
-            // fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(&criterion));
-            // because criterion doesn't live long enough
-            let result = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2], cell);
-            if result.is_error() {
-                return result;
-            }
-            if let CalcResult::Range { left, right } = result {
-                if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                    return CalcResult::new_error(
-                        Error::VALUE,
-                        cell,
-                        "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                    );
-                }
-                // TODO test ranges are of the same size as sum_range
-                ranges.push(Range { left, right });
-            } else {
-                return CalcResult::new_error(Error::VALUE, cell, "Expected a range".to_string());
-            }
-        }
-        for criterion in criteria.iter() {
-            fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(criterion));
-        }
-
-        let mut total = 0.0;
-        let first_range = &ranges[0];
-        let left_row = first_range.left.row;
-        let left_column = first_range.left.column;
-        let right_row = first_range.right.row;
-        let right_column = first_range.right.column;
-
-        let dimension = match self.workbook.worksheet(first_range.left.sheet) {
-            Ok(s) => s.dimension(),
-            Err(_) => {
-                return CalcResult::new_error(
-                    Error::ERROR,
-                    cell,
-                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", first_range.left.sheet),
-                )
-            }
-        };
-        let max_row = dimension.max_row;
-        let max_column = dimension.max_column;
-
-        let open_row = left_row == 1 && right_row == LAST_ROW;
-        let open_column = left_column == 1 && right_column == LAST_COLUMN;
-
-        for row in left_row..right_row + 1 {
-            if open_row && row > max_row {
-                // If the row is larger than the max row in the sheet then all cells are empty.
-                // We compute it only once
-                let mut is_true = true;
-                for fn_criterion in fn_criteria.iter() {
-                    if !fn_criterion(&CalcResult::EmptyCell) {
-                        is_true = false;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                if is_true {
-                    total += ((LAST_ROW - max_row) * (right_column - left_column + 1)) as f64;
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-            for column in left_column..right_column + 1 {
-                if open_column && column > max_column {
-                    // If the column is larger than the max column in the sheet then all cells are empty.
-                    // We compute it only once
-                    let mut is_true = true;
-                    for fn_criterion in fn_criteria.iter() {
-                        if !fn_criterion(&CalcResult::EmptyCell) {
-                            is_true = false;
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    if is_true {
-                        total += (LAST_COLUMN - max_column) as f64;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-                let mut is_true = true;
-                for case_index in 0..case_count {
-                    // We check if value in range n meets criterion n
-                    let range = &ranges[case_index];
-                    let fn_criterion = &fn_criteria[case_index];
-                    let value = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                        sheet: range.left.sheet,
-                        row: range.left.row + row - first_range.left.row,
-                        column: range.left.column + column - first_range.left.column,
-                    });
-                    if !fn_criterion(&value) {
-                        is_true = false;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                if is_true {
-                    total += 1.0;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(total)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn apply_ifs<F>(
-        &mut self,
-        args: &[Node],
-        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
-        mut apply: F,
-    ) -> Result<(), CalcResult>
-    where
-        F: FnMut(f64),
-    {
-        let args_count = args.len();
-        if args_count < 3 || args_count % 2 == 0 {
-            return Err(CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell));
-        }
-        let arg_0 = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell);
-        if arg_0.is_error() {
-            return Err(arg_0);
-        }
-        let sum_range = if let CalcResult::Range { left, right } = arg_0 {
-            if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
-                    Error::VALUE,
-                    cell,
-                    "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                ));
-            }
-            Range { left, right }
-        } else {
-            return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
-                Error::VALUE,
-                cell,
-                "Expected a range".to_string(),
-            ));
-        };
-
-        let case_count = (args_count - 1) / 2;
-        // NB: this is a beautiful example of the borrow checker
-        // The order of these two definitions cannot be swapped.
-        let mut criteria = Vec::new();
-        let mut fn_criteria = Vec::new();
-        let ranges = &mut Vec::new();
-        for case_index in 1..=case_count {
-            let criterion = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2], cell);
-            // NB: criterion might be an error. That's ok
-            criteria.push(criterion);
-            // NB: We cannot do:
-            // fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(&criterion));
-            // because criterion doesn't live long enough
-            let result = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2 - 1], cell);
-            if result.is_error() {
-                return Err(result);
-            }
-            if let CalcResult::Range { left, right } = result {
-                if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
-                        Error::VALUE,
-                        cell,
-                        "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                    ));
-                }
-                // TODO test ranges are of the same size as sum_range
-                ranges.push(Range { left, right });
-            } else {
-                return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
-                    Error::VALUE,
-                    cell,
-                    "Expected a range".to_string(),
-                ));
-            }
-        }
-        for criterion in criteria.iter() {
-            fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(criterion));
-        }
-
-        let left_row = sum_range.left.row;
-        let left_column = sum_range.left.column;
-        let mut right_row = sum_range.right.row;
-        let mut right_column = sum_range.right.column;
-
-        if left_row == 1 && right_row == LAST_ROW {
-            right_row = match self.workbook.worksheet(sum_range.left.sheet) {
-                Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
-                Err(_) => {
-                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
-                        Error::ERROR,
-                        cell,
-                        format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", sum_range.left.sheet),
-                    ));
-                }
-            };
-        }
-        if left_column == 1 && right_column == LAST_COLUMN {
-            right_column = match self.workbook.worksheet(sum_range.left.sheet) {
-                Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
-                Err(_) => {
-                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
-                        Error::ERROR,
-                        cell,
-                        format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", sum_range.left.sheet),
-                    ));
-                }
-            };
-        }
-
-        for row in left_row..right_row + 1 {
-            for column in left_column..right_column + 1 {
-                let mut is_true = true;
-                for case_index in 0..case_count {
-                    // We check if value in range n meets criterion n
-                    let range = &ranges[case_index];
-                    let fn_criterion = &fn_criteria[case_index];
-                    let value = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                        sheet: range.left.sheet,
-                        row: range.left.row + row - sum_range.left.row,
-                        column: range.left.column + column - sum_range.left.column,
-                    });
-                    if !fn_criterion(&value) {
-                        is_true = false;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                if is_true {
-                    let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                        sheet: sum_range.left.sheet,
-                        row,
-                        column,
-                    });
-                    match v {
-                        CalcResult::Number(n) => apply(n),
-                        CalcResult::Error { .. } => return Err(v),
-                        _ => {}
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_averageifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        let mut total = 0.0;
-        let mut count = 0.0;
-
-        let average = |value: f64| {
-            total += value;
-            count += 1.0;
-        };
-        if let Err(e) = self.apply_ifs(args, cell, average) {
-            return e;
-        }
-
-        if count == 0.0 {
-            return CalcResult::Error {
-                error: Error::DIV,
-                origin: cell,
-                message: "division by 0".to_string(),
-            };
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(total / count)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_minifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        let mut min = f64::INFINITY;
-        let apply_min = |value: f64| min = value.min(min);
-        if let Err(e) = self.apply_ifs(args, cell, apply_min) {
-            return e;
-        }
-
-        if min.is_infinite() {
-            min = 0.0;
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(min)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_maxifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        let mut max = -f64::INFINITY;
-        let apply_max = |value: f64| max = value.max(max);
-        if let Err(e) = self.apply_ifs(args, cell, apply_max) {
-            return e;
-        }
-        if max.is_infinite() {
-            max = 0.0;
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(max)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fn_geomean(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
-        if args.is_empty() {
-            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
-        }
-        let mut count = 0.0;
-        let mut product = 1.0;
-        for arg in args {
-            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
-                    count += 1.0;
-                    product *= value;
-                }
-                CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
-                    if let Node::ReferenceKind { .. } = arg {
-                    } else {
-                        product *= if b { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
-                        count += 1.0;
-                    }
-                }
-                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
-                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
-                        return CalcResult::new_error(
-                            Error::VALUE,
-                            cell,
-                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
-                        );
-                    }
-                    for row in left.row..(right.row + 1) {
-                        for column in left.column..(right.column + 1) {
-                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
-                                sheet: left.sheet,
-                                row,
-                                column,
-                            }) {
-                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
-                                    count += 1.0;
-                                    product *= value;
-                                }
-                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
-                                CalcResult::Range { .. } => {
-                                    return CalcResult::new_error(
-                                        Error::ERROR,
-                                        cell,
-                                        "Unexpected Range".to_string(),
-                                    );
-                                }
-                                _ => {}
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
-                CalcResult::String(s) => {
-                    if let Node::ReferenceKind { .. } = arg {
-                        // Do nothing
-                    } else if let Ok(t) = s.parse::<f64>() {
-                        product *= t;
-                        count += 1.0;
-                    } else {
-                        return CalcResult::Error {
-                            error: Error::VALUE,
-                            origin: cell,
-                            message: "Argument cannot be cast into number".to_string(),
-                        };
-                    }
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    // Ignore everything else
-                }
-            };
-        }
-        if count == 0.0 {
-            return CalcResult::Error {
-                error: Error::DIV,
-                origin: cell,
-                message: "Division by Zero".to_string(),
-            };
-        }
-        CalcResult::Number(product.powf(1.0 / count))
-    }
-}

base/src/functions/statistical/beta.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Beta, Continuous, ContinuousCDF};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // BETA.DIST(x, alpha, beta, cumulative, [A], [B])
+    pub(crate) fn fn_beta_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let arg_count = args.len();
+        if !(4..=6).contains(&arg_count) {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let beta_param = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // cumulative argument: interpret like Excel
+        let cumulative = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[3], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Boolean(b) => b,
+            CalcResult::Number(n) => n != 0.0,
+            CalcResult::String(s) => {
+                let up = s.to_ascii_uppercase();
+                if up == "TRUE" {
+                    true
+                } else if up == "FALSE" {
+                    false
+                } else {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::VALUE,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "cumulative must be TRUE/FALSE or numeric".to_string(),
+                    };
+                }
+            }
+            error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::VALUE,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid cumulative argument".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Optional A, B
+        let a = if arg_count >= 5 {
+            match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[4], cell) {
+                Ok(f) => f,
+                Err(e) => return e,
+            }
+        } else {
+            0.0
+        };
+
+        let b = if arg_count >= 6 {
+            match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[5], cell) {
+                Ok(f) => f,
+                Err(e) => return e,
+            }
+        } else {
+            1.0
+        };
+
+        // Excel: alpha <= 0 or beta <= 0 → #NUM!
+        if alpha <= 0.0 || beta_param <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "alpha and beta must be > 0 in BETA.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Excel: if x < A, x > B, or A = B → #NUM!
+        if b == a || x < a || x > b {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "x must be between A and B and A < B in BETA.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Transform to standard Beta(0,1)
+        let width = b - a;
+        let t = (x - a) / width;
+
+        let dist = match Beta::new(alpha, beta_param) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Beta distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative {
+            dist.cdf(t)
+        } else {
+            // general-interval beta pdf: f_X(x) = f_T(t) / (B - A), t=(x-A)/(B-A)
+            dist.pdf(t) / width
+        };
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for BETA.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_beta_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let arg_count = args.len();
+        if !(3..=5).contains(&arg_count) {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let beta_param = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let a = if arg_count >= 4 {
+            match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[3], cell) {
+                Ok(f) => f,
+                Err(e) => return e,
+            }
+        } else {
+            0.0
+        };
+
+        let b = if arg_count >= 5 {
+            match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[4], cell) {
+                Ok(f) => f,
+                Err(e) => return e,
+            }
+        } else {
+            1.0
+        };
+
+        if alpha <= 0.0 || beta_param <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "alpha and beta must be > 0 in BETA.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // probability <= 0 or probability > 1 → #NUM!
+        if p <= 0.0 || p > 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "probability must be in (0,1] in BETA.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        if b <= a {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "A must be < B in BETA.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match Beta::new(alpha, beta_param) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Beta distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let t = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+        if t.is_nan() || t.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for BETA.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Map back from [0,1] to [A,B]
+        let x = a + t * (b - a);
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/binom.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Binomial, Discrete, DiscreteCDF};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_binom_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        // number_s
+        let number_s = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // trials
+        let trials = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // probability_s
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // cumulative (logical)
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Domain checks
+        if trials < 0.0
+            || number_s < 0.0
+            || number_s > trials
+            || p.is_nan()
+            || !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&p)
+        {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid parameters for BINOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Limit to u64
+        if trials > u64::MAX as f64 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Number of trials too large".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = trials as u64;
+        let k = number_s as u64;
+
+        let dist = match Binomial::new(p, n) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for binomial distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let prob = if cumulative { dist.cdf(k) } else { dist.pmf(k) };
+
+        if prob.is_nan() || prob.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for BINOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(prob)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_binom_dist_range(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() < 3 || args.len() > 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        // trials
+        let trials = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // probability_s
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // number_s (lower)
+        let number_s = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // number_s2 (upper, optional)
+        let number_s2 = if args.len() == 4 {
+            match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[3], cell) {
+                Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+                Err(e) => return e,
+            }
+        } else {
+            number_s
+        };
+
+        if trials < 0.0
+            || number_s < 0.0
+            || number_s2 < 0.0
+            || number_s > number_s2
+            || number_s2 > trials
+            || p.is_nan()
+            || !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&p)
+        {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid parameters for BINOM.DIST.RANGE".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        if trials > u64::MAX as f64 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Number of trials too large".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = trials as u64;
+        let lower = number_s as u64;
+        let upper = number_s2 as u64;
+
+        let dist = match Binomial::new(p, n) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for binomial distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let prob = if lower == 0 {
+            dist.cdf(upper)
+        } else {
+            let cdf_upper = dist.cdf(upper);
+            let cdf_below_lower = dist.cdf(lower - 1);
+            cdf_upper - cdf_below_lower
+        };
+
+        if prob.is_nan() || prob.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for BINOM.DIST.RANGE".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(prob)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_binom_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        // trials
+        let trials = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // probability_s
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // alpha
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if trials < 0.0
+            || trials > u64::MAX as f64
+            || p.is_nan()
+            || !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&p)
+            || alpha.is_nan()
+            || !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&alpha)
+        {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid parameters for BINOM.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = trials as u64;
+
+        let dist = match Binomial::new(p, n) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for binomial distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        // DiscreteCDF::inverse_cdf returns u64 for binomial
+        let k = statrs::distribution::DiscreteCDF::inverse_cdf(&dist, alpha);
+
+        CalcResult::Number(k as f64)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_negbinom_dist(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        use statrs::distribution::{Discrete, DiscreteCDF, NegativeBinomial};
+
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let number_f = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let number_s = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let probability_s = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if number_f < 0.0 || number_s < 1.0 || !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&probability_s) {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for NEGBINOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Guard against absurdly large failures that won't fit in u64
+        if number_f > (u64::MAX as f64) {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for NEGBINOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match NegativeBinomial::new(number_s, probability_s) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameter for NEGBINOM.DIST".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let f_u = number_f as u64;
+        let result = if cumulative {
+            dist.cdf(f_u)
+        } else {
+            dist.pmf(f_u)
+        };
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for NEGBINOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/chisq.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{ChiSquared, Continuous, ContinuousCDF};
+
+use crate::expressions::parser::ArrayNode;
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // CHISQ.DIST(x, deg_freedom, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_chisq_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "x must be >= 0 in CHISQ.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in CHISQ.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match ChiSquared::new(df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Chi-squared distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(x) } else { dist.pdf(x) };
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for CHISQ.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // CHISQ.DIST.RT(x, deg_freedom)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_chisq_dist_rt(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df_raw = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = df_raw.trunc();
+
+        if x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "x must be >= 0 in CHISQ.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in CHISQ.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match ChiSquared::new(df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Chi-squared distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Right-tail probability: P(X > x).
+        // Use sf(x) directly for better numerical properties than 1 - cdf(x).
+        let result = dist.sf(x);
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() || result < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for CHISQ.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // CHISQ.INV(probability, deg_freedom)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_chisq_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // if probability < 0 or > 1 → #NUM!
+        if !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&p) {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "probability must be in [0,1] in CHISQ.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in CHISQ.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match ChiSquared::new(df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Chi-squared distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+
+        if x.is_nan() || x.is_infinite() || x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for CHISQ.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+
+    // CHISQ.INV.RT(probability, deg_freedom)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_chisq_inv_rt(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df_raw = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = df_raw.trunc();
+
+        // if probability < 0 or > 1 → #NUM!
+        if !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&p) {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "probability must be in [0,1] in CHISQ.INV.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in CHISQ.INV.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match ChiSquared::new(df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Chi-squared distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Right-tail inverse: p = P(X > x) = SF(x) = 1 - CDF(x)
+        // So x = inverse_cdf(1 - p).
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(1.0 - p);
+
+        if x.is_nan() || x.is_infinite() || x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for CHISQ.INV.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn values_from_range(
+        &mut self,
+        left: CellReferenceIndex,
+        right: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Option<f64>>, CalcResult> {
+        let mut values = Vec::new();
+        for row_offset in 0..=(right.row - left.row) {
+            for col_offset in 0..=(right.column - left.column) {
+                let cell_ref = CellReferenceIndex {
+                    sheet: left.sheet,
+                    row: left.row + row_offset,
+                    column: left.column + col_offset,
+                };
+                let cell_value = self.evaluate_cell(cell_ref);
+                match cell_value {
+                    CalcResult::Number(v) => {
+                        values.push(Some(v));
+                    }
+                    error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return Err(error),
+                    _ => {
+                        values.push(None);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(values)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn values_from_array(
+        &mut self,
+        array: Vec<Vec<ArrayNode>>,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Option<f64>>, Error> {
+        let mut values = Vec::new();
+        for row in array {
+            for item in row {
+                match item {
+                    ArrayNode::Number(f) => {
+                        values.push(Some(f));
+                    }
+                    ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                        return Err(error);
+                    }
+                    _ => {
+                        values.push(None);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(values)
+    }
+
+    // CHISQ.TEST(actual_range, expected_range)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_chisq_test(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (width, height, values_left, values_right) = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell)
+        {
+            Ok(v) => v,
+            Err(r) => return r,
+        };
+
+        let mut values = Vec::with_capacity(values_left.len());
+
+        // Now we have:
+        // - values: flattened (observed, expected)
+        // - width, height: shape
+        for i in 0..values_left.len() {
+            match (values_left[i], values_right[i]) {
+                (Some(v1), Some(v2)) => {
+                    values.push((v1, v2));
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    values.push((1.0, 1.0));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if width == 0 || height == 0 || values.len() < 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "CHISQ.TEST requires at least two data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let mut chi2 = 0.0;
+        for (obs, exp) in &values {
+            if *obs < 0.0 || *exp < 0.0 {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Negative value in CHISQ.TEST data".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+            if *exp == 0.0 {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::DIV,
+                    cell,
+                    "Zero expected value in CHISQ.TEST".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+            let diff = obs - exp;
+            chi2 += (diff * diff) / exp;
+        }
+
+        if chi2 < 0.0 && chi2 > -1e-12 {
+            chi2 = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        let total = width * height;
+        if total <= 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "CHISQ.TEST degrees of freedom is zero".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let df = if width > 1 && height > 1 {
+            (width - 1) * (height - 1)
+        } else {
+            total - 1
+        };
+
+        let dist = match ChiSquared::new(df as f64) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid degrees of freedom in CHISQ.TEST".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let mut p = 1.0 - dist.cdf(chi2);
+
+        // clamp tiny fp noise
+        if p < 0.0 && p > -1e-15 {
+            p = 0.0;
+        }
+        if p > 1.0 && p < 1.0 + 1e-15 {
+            p = 1.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(p)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/correl.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // CORREL(array1, array2) - Returns the correlation coefficient of two data sets
+    pub(crate) fn fn_correl(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (_, _, values_left, values_right) = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let mut n = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x2 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y2 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_xy = 0.0;
+
+        for (x_opt, y_opt) in values_left.into_iter().zip(values_right.into_iter()) {
+            if let (Some(x), Some(y)) = (x_opt, y_opt) {
+                n += 1.0;
+                sum_x += x;
+                sum_y += y;
+                sum_x2 += x * x;
+                sum_y2 += y * y;
+                sum_xy += x * y;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Need at least 2 valid pairs
+        if n < 2.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "CORREL requires at least two numeric data points in each range".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let num = n * sum_xy - sum_x * sum_y;
+        let denom_x = n * sum_x2 - sum_x * sum_x;
+        let denom_y = n * sum_y2 - sum_y * sum_y;
+        let denom = (denom_x * denom_y).sqrt();
+
+        if denom == 0.0 || !denom.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "Division by zero in CORREL".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let r = num / denom;
+        CalcResult::Number(r)
+    }
+
+    // SLOPE(known_y's, known_x's) - Returns the slope of the linear regression line
+    pub(crate) fn fn_slope(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (_rows, _cols, values_y, values_x) = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let mut n = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x2 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_xy = 0.0;
+
+        let len = values_y.len().min(values_x.len());
+        for i in 0..len {
+            if let (Some(y), Some(x)) = (values_y[i], values_x[i]) {
+                n += 1.0;
+                sum_x += x;
+                sum_y += y;
+                sum_x2 += x * x;
+                sum_xy += x * y;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if n < 2.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "SLOPE requires at least two numeric data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let denom = n * sum_x2 - sum_x * sum_x;
+        if denom == 0.0 || !denom.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "Division by zero in SLOPE".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let num = n * sum_xy - sum_x * sum_y;
+        let slope = num / denom;
+
+        CalcResult::Number(slope)
+    }
+
+    // INTERCEPT(known_y's, known_x's) - Returns the y-intercept of the linear regression line
+    pub(crate) fn fn_intercept(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (_rows, _cols, values_y, values_x) = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let mut n = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x2 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_xy = 0.0;
+
+        let len = values_y.len().min(values_x.len());
+        for i in 0..len {
+            if let (Some(y), Some(x)) = (values_y[i], values_x[i]) {
+                n += 1.0;
+                sum_x += x;
+                sum_y += y;
+                sum_x2 += x * x;
+                sum_xy += x * y;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if n < 2.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "INTERCEPT requires at least two numeric data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let denom = n * sum_x2 - sum_x * sum_x;
+        if denom == 0.0 || !denom.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "Division by zero in INTERCEPT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let num = n * sum_xy - sum_x * sum_y;
+        let slope = num / denom;
+        let intercept = (sum_y - slope * sum_x) / n;
+
+        CalcResult::Number(intercept)
+    }
+
+    // STEYX(known_y's, known_x's) - Returns the standard error of the predicted y-values
+    pub(crate) fn fn_steyx(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (_rows, _cols, values_y, values_x) = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let mut n = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x2 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_xy = 0.0;
+
+        // We need the actual pairs again later for residuals
+        let mut pairs: Vec<(f64, f64)> = Vec::new();
+
+        let len = values_y.len().min(values_x.len());
+        for i in 0..len {
+            if let (Some(y), Some(x)) = (values_y[i], values_x[i]) {
+                n += 1.0;
+                sum_x += x;
+                sum_y += y;
+                sum_x2 += x * x;
+                sum_xy += x * y;
+                pairs.push((x, y));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Need at least 3 points for STEYX (n - 2 in denominator)
+        if n < 3.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "STEYX requires at least three numeric data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let denom = n * sum_x2 - sum_x * sum_x;
+        if denom == 0.0 || !denom.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "Division by zero in STEYX".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let num = n * sum_xy - sum_x * sum_y;
+        let slope = num / denom;
+        let intercept = (sum_y - slope * sum_x) / n;
+
+        // Sum of squared residuals: Σ (y - ŷ)^2, ŷ = intercept + slope * x
+        let mut sse = 0.0;
+        for (x, y) in pairs {
+            let y_hat = intercept + slope * x;
+            let diff = y - y_hat;
+            sse += diff * diff;
+        }
+
+        let dof = n - 2.0;
+        if dof <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "STEYX has non-positive degrees of freedom".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let sey = (sse / dof).sqrt();
+        if !sey.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(Error::DIV, cell, "Numerical error in STEYX".to_string());
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(sey)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/covariance.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_covariance_p(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let values1_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in first array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "First argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let values2_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in second array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Second argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Same number of cells
+        if values1_opts.len() != values2_opts.len() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NA,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.P requires arrays of the same size".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Count numeric data points in each array (ignoring text/booleans/empty)
+        let count1 = values1_opts.iter().filter(|v| v.is_some()).count();
+        let count2 = values2_opts.iter().filter(|v| v.is_some()).count();
+
+        if count1 == 0 || count2 == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.P requires at least one numeric value in each array".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        if count1 != count2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NA,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.P arrays must have the same number of numeric data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Build paired numeric vectors, position by position
+        let mut xs: Vec<f64> = Vec::with_capacity(count1);
+        let mut ys: Vec<f64> = Vec::with_capacity(count2);
+
+        for (v1_opt, v2_opt) in values1_opts.into_iter().zip(values2_opts.into_iter()) {
+            if let (Some(x), Some(y)) = (v1_opt, v2_opt) {
+                xs.push(x);
+                ys.push(y);
+            }
+        }
+
+        let n = xs.len();
+        if n == 0 {
+            // Should be impossible given the checks above, but guard anyway
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.P has no paired numeric data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n_f = n as f64;
+
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0;
+        for i in 0..n {
+            sum_x += xs[i];
+            sum_y += ys[i];
+        }
+        let mean_x = sum_x / n_f;
+        let mean_y = sum_y / n_f;
+
+        let mut sum_prod = 0.0;
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let dx = xs[i] - mean_x;
+            let dy = ys[i] - mean_y;
+            sum_prod += dx * dy;
+        }
+
+        let cov = sum_prod / n_f;
+        CalcResult::Number(cov)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_covariance_s(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let values1_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in first array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "First argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let values2_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in second array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Second argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Same number of cells
+        if values1_opts.len() != values2_opts.len() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NA,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.S requires arrays of the same size".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Count numeric data points in each array (ignoring text/booleans/empty)
+        let count1 = values1_opts.iter().filter(|v| v.is_some()).count();
+        let count2 = values2_opts.iter().filter(|v| v.is_some()).count();
+
+        if count1 == 0 || count2 == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.S requires numeric values in each array".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        if count1 != count2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NA,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.S arrays must have the same number of numeric data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Build paired numeric vectors
+        let mut xs: Vec<f64> = Vec::with_capacity(count1);
+        let mut ys: Vec<f64> = Vec::with_capacity(count2);
+
+        for (v1_opt, v2_opt) in values1_opts.into_iter().zip(values2_opts.into_iter()) {
+            if let (Some(x), Some(y)) = (v1_opt, v2_opt) {
+                xs.push(x);
+                ys.push(y);
+            }
+        }
+
+        let n = xs.len();
+        if n < 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "COVARIANCE.S requires at least two paired data points".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n_f = n as f64;
+
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0;
+        for i in 0..n {
+            sum_x += xs[i];
+            sum_y += ys[i];
+        }
+        let mean_x = sum_x / n_f;
+        let mean_y = sum_y / n_f;
+
+        let mut sum_prod = 0.0;
+        for i in 0..n {
+            let dx = xs[i] - mean_x;
+            let dy = ys[i] - mean_y;
+            sum_prod += dx * dy;
+        }
+
+        let cov = sum_prod / (n_f - 1.0);
+
+        CalcResult::Number(cov)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/devsq.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+use crate::constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW};
+use crate::expressions::parser::ArrayNode;
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // DEVSQ(number1, [number2], ...)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_devsq(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        // tiny helper so we don't repeat ourselves
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // We ignore booleans and strings
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // We ignore booleans and strings
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // We ignore booleans and strings
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        if count == 0 {
+            // No numeric data at all
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "DEVSQ with no numeric data".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut result = sumsq - (sum * sum) / n;
+
+        // Numerical noise can make result slightly negative when it should be 0
+        if result < 0.0 && result > -1e-12 {
+            result = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/exponential.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_expon_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        // EXPON.DIST(x, lambda, cumulative)
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let lambda = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x < 0.0 || lambda <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for EXPON.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let result = if cumulative {
+            // CDF
+            1.0 - (-lambda * x).exp()
+        } else {
+            // PDF
+            lambda * (-lambda * x).exp()
+        };
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for EXPON.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/fisher.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Continuous, ContinuousCDF, FisherSnedecor};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::functions::statistical::t_dist::sample_var;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // FISHER(x) = 0.5 * ln((1 + x) / (1 - x))
+    pub(crate) fn fn_fisher(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x <= -1.0 || x >= 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "x must be between -1 and 1 (exclusive) in FISHER".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let ratio = (1.0 + x) / (1.0 - x);
+        let result = 0.5 * ratio.ln();
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for FISHER".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // FISHERINV(y) = (e^(2y) - 1) / (e^(2y) + 1) = tanh(y)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_fisher_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let y = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Use tanh directly to avoid overflow from exp(2y)
+        let result = y.tanh();
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for FISHERINV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // F.DIST(x, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_f_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df1 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let df2 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel domain checks
+        if x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "x must be >= 0 in F.DIST".to_string());
+        }
+        if df1 < 1.0 || df2 < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in F.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match FisherSnedecor::new(df1, df2) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for F distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(x) } else { dist.pdf(x) };
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for F.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_f_dist_rt(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        // F.DIST.RT(x, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2)
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df1 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let df2 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "x must be >= 0 in F.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if df1 < 1.0 || df2 < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in F.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match FisherSnedecor::new(df1, df2) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for F distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Right-tail probability: P(F > x) = 1 - CDF(x)
+        let result = 1.0 - dist.cdf(x);
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() || result < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for F.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // F.INV(probability, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_f_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let df1 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let df2 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // probability < 0 or > 1 → #NUM!
+        if !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&p) {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "probability must be in [0,1] in F.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if df1 < 1.0 || df2 < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in F.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match FisherSnedecor::new(df1, df2) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for F distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+        if x.is_nan() || x.is_infinite() || x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(Error::NUM, cell, "Invalid result for F.INV".to_string());
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+
+    // F.INV.RT(probability, deg_freedom1, deg_freedom2)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_f_inv_rt(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let df1 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let df2 = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if p <= 0.0 || p > 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "probability must be in (0,1] in F.INV.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if df1 < 1.0 || df2 < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "degrees of freedom must be >= 1 in F.INV.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match FisherSnedecor::new(df1, df2) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for F distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        // p is right-tail: p = P(F > x) = 1 - CDF(x)
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(1.0 - p);
+        if x.is_nan() || x.is_infinite() || x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for F.INV.RT".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+
+    // F.TEST(array1, array2)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_f_test(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let values1_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in first array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "First argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Get second sample as Vec<Option<f64>>
+        let values2_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in second array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Second argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let values1: Vec<f64> = values1_opts.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+        let values2: Vec<f64> = values2_opts.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+
+        let n1 = values1.len();
+        let n2 = values2.len();
+
+        // If fewer than 2 numeric values in either sample -> #DIV/0!
+        if n1 < 2 || n2 < 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "F.TEST requires at least two numeric values in each sample".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let v1 = sample_var(&values1);
+        let v2 = sample_var(&values2);
+
+        if v1 <= 0.0 || v2 <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "Variance of one sample is zero in F.TEST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // F ratio: larger variance / smaller variance
+        let mut f = v1 / v2;
+        let mut df1 = (n1 - 1) as f64;
+        let mut df2 = (n2 - 1) as f64;
+
+        if f < 1.0 {
+            f = 1.0 / f;
+            std::mem::swap(&mut df1, &mut df2);
+        }
+
+        let dist = match FisherSnedecor::new(df1, df2) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for F distribution in F.TEST".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        // One-tailed right-tail probability
+        let tail = 1.0 - dist.cdf(f);
+        // F.TEST is two-tailed: p = 2 * tail (with F >= 1)
+        let mut p = 2.0 * tail;
+
+        // Clamp tiny FP noise
+        if p < 0.0 && p > -1e-15 {
+            p = 0.0;
+        }
+        if p > 1.0 && p < 1.0 + 1e-15 {
+            p = 1.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(p)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/gamma.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Continuous, ContinuousCDF, Gamma};
+use statrs::function::gamma::{gamma, ln_gamma};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_gamma(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(s) => return s,
+        };
+        if x < 0.0 && x.floor() == x {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for Gamma function".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        let result = gamma(x);
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for Gamma function".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_gamma_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        // GAMMA.DIST(x, alpha, beta, cumulative)
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let beta_scale = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "x must be >= 0 in GAMMA.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+        if alpha <= 0.0 || beta_scale <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "alpha and beta must be > 0 in GAMMA.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let rate = 1.0 / beta_scale;
+
+        let dist = match Gamma::new(alpha, rate) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Gamma distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(x) } else { dist.pdf(x) };
+
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for GAMMA.DIST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_gamma_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        // GAMMA.INV(probability, alpha, beta)
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let beta_scale = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if !(0.0..=1.0).contains(&p) {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "probability must be in [0,1] in GAMMA.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        if alpha <= 0.0 || beta_scale <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "alpha and beta must be > 0 in GAMMA.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let rate = 1.0 / beta_scale;
+
+        let dist = match Gamma::new(alpha, rate) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Gamma distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+        if x.is_nan() || x.is_infinite() || x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NUM,
+                cell,
+                "Invalid result for GAMMA.INV".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_gamma_ln(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(s) => return s,
+        };
+        if x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for Gamma function".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        let result = ln_gamma(x);
+        if result.is_nan() || result.is_infinite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for Gamma Ln function".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_gamma_ln_precise(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        self.fn_gamma_ln(args, cell)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/gauss.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{ContinuousCDF, Normal};
+
+use crate::expressions::token::Error;
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, model::Model};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_gauss(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        let z = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(s) => return s,
+        };
+        let dist = match Normal::new(0.0, 1.0) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::ERROR,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Failed to construct standard normal distribution".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = dist.cdf(z) - 0.5;
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for GAUSS".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/geomean.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_geomean(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+        let mut count = 0.0;
+        let mut product = 1.0;
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    count += 1.0;
+                    product *= value;
+                }
+                CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
+                    if let Node::ReferenceKind { .. } = arg {
+                    } else {
+                        product *= if b { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
+                        count += 1.0;
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+                    for row in left.row..(right.row + 1) {
+                        for column in left.column..(right.column + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    count += 1.0;
+                                    product *= value;
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                CalcResult::Range { .. } => {
+                                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                        Error::ERROR,
+                                        cell,
+                                        "Unexpected Range".to_string(),
+                                    );
+                                }
+                                _ => {}
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                CalcResult::String(s) => {
+                    if let Node::ReferenceKind { .. } = arg {
+                        // Do nothing
+                    } else if let Ok(t) = s.parse::<f64>() {
+                        product *= t;
+                        count += 1.0;
+                    } else {
+                        return CalcResult::Error {
+                            error: Error::VALUE,
+                            origin: cell,
+                            message: "Argument cannot be cast into number".to_string(),
+                        };
+                    }
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    // Ignore everything else
+                }
+            };
+        }
+        if count == 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Division by Zero".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        CalcResult::Number(product.powf(1.0 / count))
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/hypegeom.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Discrete, DiscreteCDF, Hypergeometric};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // =HYPGEOM.DIST(sample_s, number_sample, population_s, number_pop, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_hyp_geom_dist(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 5 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        // sample_s (number of successes in the sample)
+        let sample_s = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // number_sample (sample size)
+        let number_sample = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // population_s (number of successes in the population)
+        let population_s = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // number_pop (population size)
+        let number_pop = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[4], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if sample_s < 0.0 || sample_s > f64::min(number_sample, population_s) {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for HYPGEOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        if sample_s < f64::max(0.0, number_sample + population_s - number_pop) {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for HYPGEOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        if number_sample <= 0.0 || number_sample > number_pop {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for HYPGEOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        if population_s <= 0.0 || population_s > number_pop {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for HYPGEOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let n_pop = number_pop as u64;
+        let k_pop = population_s as u64;
+        let n_sample = number_sample as u64;
+        let k = sample_s as u64;
+
+        let dist = match Hypergeometric::new(n_pop, k_pop, n_sample) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for hypergeometric distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let prob = if cumulative { dist.cdf(k) } else { dist.pmf(k) };
+
+        if !prob.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for HYPGEOM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(prob)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/if_ifs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+use crate::constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW};
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::functions::util::build_criteria;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::{CalcResult, Range},
+    expressions::parser::Node,
+    expressions::token::Error,
+    model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_countif(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() == 2 {
+            let arguments = vec![args[0].clone(), args[1].clone()];
+            self.fn_countifs(&arguments, cell)
+        } else {
+            CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// AVERAGEIF(criteria_range, criteria, [average_range])
+    /// if average_rage is missing then criteria_range will be used
+    pub(crate) fn fn_averageif(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() == 2 {
+            let arguments = vec![args[0].clone(), args[0].clone(), args[1].clone()];
+            self.fn_averageifs(&arguments, cell)
+        } else if args.len() == 3 {
+            let arguments = vec![args[2].clone(), args[0].clone(), args[1].clone()];
+            self.fn_averageifs(&arguments, cell)
+        } else {
+            CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: This function shares a lot of code with apply_ifs. Can we merge them?
+    pub(crate) fn fn_countifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let args_count = args.len();
+        if args_count < 2 || !args_count.is_multiple_of(2) {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let case_count = args_count / 2;
+        // NB: this is a beautiful example of the borrow checker
+        // The order of these two definitions cannot be swapped.
+        let mut criteria = Vec::new();
+        let mut fn_criteria = Vec::new();
+        let ranges = &mut Vec::new();
+        for case_index in 0..case_count {
+            let criterion = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2 + 1], cell);
+            criteria.push(criterion);
+            // NB: We cannot do:
+            // fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(&criterion));
+            // because criterion doesn't live long enough
+            let result = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2], cell);
+            if result.is_error() {
+                return result;
+            }
+            if let CalcResult::Range { left, right } = result {
+                if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+                // TODO test ranges are of the same size as sum_range
+                ranges.push(Range { left, right });
+            } else {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(Error::VALUE, cell, "Expected a range".to_string());
+            }
+        }
+        for criterion in criteria.iter() {
+            fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(criterion));
+        }
+
+        let mut total = 0.0;
+        let first_range = &ranges[0];
+        let left_row = first_range.left.row;
+        let left_column = first_range.left.column;
+        let right_row = first_range.right.row;
+        let right_column = first_range.right.column;
+
+        let dimension = match self.workbook.worksheet(first_range.left.sheet) {
+            Ok(s) => s.dimension(),
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::ERROR,
+                    cell,
+                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", first_range.left.sheet),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+        let max_row = dimension.max_row;
+        let max_column = dimension.max_column;
+
+        let open_row = left_row == 1 && right_row == LAST_ROW;
+        let open_column = left_column == 1 && right_column == LAST_COLUMN;
+
+        for row in left_row..right_row + 1 {
+            if open_row && row > max_row {
+                // If the row is larger than the max row in the sheet then all cells are empty.
+                // We compute it only once
+                let mut is_true = true;
+                for fn_criterion in fn_criteria.iter() {
+                    if !fn_criterion(&CalcResult::EmptyCell) {
+                        is_true = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if is_true {
+                    total += ((LAST_ROW - max_row) * (right_column - left_column + 1)) as f64;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+            for column in left_column..right_column + 1 {
+                if open_column && column > max_column {
+                    // If the column is larger than the max column in the sheet then all cells are empty.
+                    // We compute it only once
+                    let mut is_true = true;
+                    for fn_criterion in fn_criteria.iter() {
+                        if !fn_criterion(&CalcResult::EmptyCell) {
+                            is_true = false;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if is_true {
+                        total += (LAST_COLUMN - max_column) as f64;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                let mut is_true = true;
+                for case_index in 0..case_count {
+                    // We check if value in range n meets criterion n
+                    let range = &ranges[case_index];
+                    let fn_criterion = &fn_criteria[case_index];
+                    let value = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                        sheet: range.left.sheet,
+                        row: range.left.row + row - first_range.left.row,
+                        column: range.left.column + column - first_range.left.column,
+                    });
+                    if !fn_criterion(&value) {
+                        is_true = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if is_true {
+                    total += 1.0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        CalcResult::Number(total)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn apply_ifs<F>(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+        mut apply: F,
+    ) -> Result<(), CalcResult>
+    where
+        F: FnMut(f64),
+    {
+        let args_count = args.len();
+        if args_count < 3 || args_count.is_multiple_of(2) {
+            return Err(CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell));
+        }
+        let arg_0 = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell);
+        if arg_0.is_error() {
+            return Err(arg_0);
+        }
+        let sum_range = if let CalcResult::Range { left, right } = arg_0 {
+            if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+            Range { left, right }
+        } else {
+            return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::VALUE,
+                cell,
+                "Expected a range".to_string(),
+            ));
+        };
+
+        let case_count = (args_count - 1) / 2;
+        // NB: this is a beautiful example of the borrow checker
+        // The order of these two definitions cannot be swapped.
+        let mut criteria = Vec::new();
+        let mut fn_criteria = Vec::new();
+        let ranges = &mut Vec::new();
+        for case_index in 1..=case_count {
+            let criterion = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2], cell);
+            // NB: criterion might be an error. That's ok
+            criteria.push(criterion);
+            // NB: We cannot do:
+            // fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(&criterion));
+            // because criterion doesn't live long enough
+            let result = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[case_index * 2 - 1], cell);
+            if result.is_error() {
+                return Err(result);
+            }
+            if let CalcResult::Range { left, right } = result {
+                if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                    ));
+                }
+                // TODO test ranges are of the same size as sum_range
+                ranges.push(Range { left, right });
+            } else {
+                return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Expected a range".to_string(),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        for criterion in criteria.iter() {
+            fn_criteria.push(build_criteria(criterion));
+        }
+
+        let left_row = sum_range.left.row;
+        let left_column = sum_range.left.column;
+        let mut right_row = sum_range.right.row;
+        let mut right_column = sum_range.right.column;
+
+        if left_row == 1 && right_row == LAST_ROW {
+            right_row = match self.workbook.worksheet(sum_range.left.sheet) {
+                Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                Err(_) => {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::ERROR,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", sum_range.left.sheet),
+                    ));
+                }
+            };
+        }
+        if left_column == 1 && right_column == LAST_COLUMN {
+            right_column = match self.workbook.worksheet(sum_range.left.sheet) {
+                Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                Err(_) => {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::ERROR,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", sum_range.left.sheet),
+                    ));
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        for row in left_row..right_row + 1 {
+            for column in left_column..right_column + 1 {
+                let mut is_true = true;
+                for case_index in 0..case_count {
+                    // We check if value in range n meets criterion n
+                    let range = &ranges[case_index];
+                    let fn_criterion = &fn_criteria[case_index];
+                    let value = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                        sheet: range.left.sheet,
+                        row: range.left.row + row - sum_range.left.row,
+                        column: range.left.column + column - sum_range.left.column,
+                    });
+                    if !fn_criterion(&value) {
+                        is_true = false;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                if is_true {
+                    let v = self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                        sheet: sum_range.left.sheet,
+                        row,
+                        column,
+                    });
+                    match v {
+                        CalcResult::Number(n) => apply(n),
+                        CalcResult::Error { .. } => return Err(v),
+                        _ => {}
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_averageifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let mut total = 0.0;
+        let mut count = 0.0;
+
+        let average = |value: f64| {
+            total += value;
+            count += 1.0;
+        };
+        if let Err(e) = self.apply_ifs(args, cell, average) {
+            return e;
+        }
+
+        if count == 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "division by 0".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        CalcResult::Number(total / count)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_minifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let mut min = f64::INFINITY;
+        let apply_min = |value: f64| min = value.min(min);
+        if let Err(e) = self.apply_ifs(args, cell, apply_min) {
+            return e;
+        }
+
+        if min.is_infinite() {
+            min = 0.0;
+        }
+        CalcResult::Number(min)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_maxifs(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let mut max = -f64::INFINITY;
+        let apply_max = |value: f64| max = value.max(max);
+        if let Err(e) = self.apply_ifs(args, cell, apply_max) {
+            return e;
+        }
+        if max.is_infinite() {
+            max = 0.0;
+        }
+        CalcResult::Number(max)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/log_normal.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Continuous, ContinuousCDF, LogNormal};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_log_norm_dist(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let mean = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let std_dev = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel domain checks
+        if x <= 0.0 || std_dev <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for LOGNORM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match LogNormal::new(mean, std_dev) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameter for LOGNORM.DIST".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(x) } else { dist.pdf(x) };
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for LOGNORM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_log_norm_inv(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        use statrs::distribution::{ContinuousCDF, LogNormal};
+
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let mean = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let std_dev = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel domain checks
+        if p <= 0.0 || p >= 1.0 || std_dev <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for LOGNORM.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match LogNormal::new(mean, std_dev) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameter for LOGNORM.INV".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameter for LOGNORM.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+mod beta;
+mod binom;
+mod chisq;
+mod correl;
+mod count_and_average;
+mod covariance;
+mod devsq;
+mod exponential;
+mod fisher;
+mod gamma;
+mod gauss;
+mod geomean;
+mod hypegeom;
+mod if_ifs;
+mod log_normal;
+mod normal;
+mod pearson;
+mod phi;
+mod poisson;
+mod rank_eq_avg;
+mod standard_dev;
+mod standardize;
+mod t_dist;
+mod variance;
+mod weibull;
+mod z_test;

base/src/functions/statistical/normal.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Continuous, ContinuousCDF, Normal, StudentsT};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // NORM.DIST(x, mean, standard_dev, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_norm_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let mean = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let std_dev = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Excel: standard_dev must be > 0
+        if std_dev <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "standard_dev must be > 0 in NORM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match Normal::new(mean, std_dev) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for NORM.DIST".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(x) } else { dist.pdf(x) };
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for NORM.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // NORM.INV(probability, mean, standard_dev)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_norm_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let mean = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let std_dev = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if p <= 0.0 || p >= 1.0 || std_dev <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for NORM.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match Normal::new(mean, std_dev) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for NORM.INV".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+
+        if !x.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for NORM.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+
+    // NORM.S.DIST(z, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_norm_s_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let z = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let dist = match Normal::new(0.0, 1.0) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::ERROR,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Failed to construct standard normal distribution".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(z) } else { dist.pdf(z) };
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for NORM.S.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // NORM.S.INV(probability)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_norm_s_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if p <= 0.0 || p >= 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "probability must be in (0,1) in NORM.S.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match Normal::new(0.0, 1.0) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::ERROR,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Failed to construct standard normal distribution".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let z = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+
+        if !z.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for NORM.S.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(z)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_confidence_norm(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let std_dev = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let size = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.floor(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if alpha <= 0.0 || alpha >= 1.0 || std_dev <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for CONFIDENCE.NORM".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+        if size < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Sample size must be at least 1".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let normal = match Normal::new(0.0, 1.0) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::ERROR,
+                    cell,
+                    "Failed to construct normal distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        let quantile = normal.inverse_cdf(1.0 - alpha / 2.0);
+        if !quantile.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid quantile for CONFIDENCE.NORM".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let margin = quantile * std_dev / size.sqrt();
+        CalcResult::Number(margin)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_confidence_t(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let std_dev = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let size = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Domain checks
+        if alpha <= 0.0 || alpha >= 1.0 || std_dev <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for CONFIDENCE.T".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Need at least 2 observations so df = n - 1 > 0
+        if size < 2.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::DIV,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Sample size must be at least 2".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let df = size - 1.0;
+
+        let t_dist = match StudentsT::new(0.0, 1.0, df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::ERROR,
+                    cell,
+                    "Failed to construct Student's t distribution".to_string(),
+                )
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Two-sided CI => use 1 - alpha/2
+        let t_crit = t_dist.inverse_cdf(1.0 - alpha / 2.0);
+        if !t_crit.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid quantile for CONFIDENCE.T".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let margin = t_crit * std_dev / size.sqrt();
+        CalcResult::Number(margin)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/pearson.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // PEARSON(array1, array2)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_pearson(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (_, _, values_left, values_right) = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(result) => result,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Flatten into (x, y) pairs, skipping non-numeric entries (None)
+        let mut n: f64 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_x2 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_y2 = 0.0;
+        let mut sum_xy = 0.0;
+
+        let len = values_left.len().min(values_right.len());
+        for i in 0..len {
+            match (values_left[i], values_right[i]) {
+                (Some(x), Some(y)) => {
+                    n += 1.0;
+                    sum_x += x;
+                    sum_y += y;
+                    sum_x2 += x * x;
+                    sum_y2 += y * y;
+                    sum_xy += x * y;
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    // Ignore pairs where at least one side is non-numeric
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if n < 2.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "PEARSON requires at least two numeric pairs".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Pearson correlation:
+        // r = [ n*Σxy - (Σx)(Σy) ] / sqrt( [n*Σx² - (Σx)²] [n*Σy² - (Σy)²] )
+        let num = n * sum_xy - sum_x * sum_y;
+        let denom_x = n * sum_x2 - sum_x * sum_x;
+        let denom_y = n * sum_y2 - sum_y * sum_y;
+
+        if denom_x.abs() < 1e-15 || denom_y.abs() < 1e-15 {
+            // Zero variance in at least one series
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "PEARSON cannot be computed when one series has zero variance".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let denom = (denom_x * denom_y).sqrt();
+
+        CalcResult::Number(num / denom)
+    }
+
+    // RSQ(array1, array2) = CORREL(array1, array2)^2
+    pub(crate) fn fn_rsq(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        let (_rows, _cols, values1, values2) = match self.fn_get_two_matrices(args, cell) {
+            Ok(s) => s,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let mut n = 0.0_f64;
+        let mut sum_x = 0.0_f64;
+        let mut sum_y = 0.0_f64;
+        let mut sum_x2 = 0.0_f64;
+        let mut sum_y2 = 0.0_f64;
+        let mut sum_xy = 0.0_f64;
+
+        let len = values1.len().min(values2.len());
+        for i in 0..len {
+            if let (Some(x), Some(y)) = (values1[i], values2[i]) {
+                n += 1.0;
+                sum_x += x;
+                sum_y += y;
+                sum_x2 += x * x;
+                sum_y2 += y * y;
+                sum_xy += x * y;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if n < 2.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "RSQ requires at least two numeric data points in each range".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let num = n * sum_xy - sum_x * sum_y;
+        let denom_x = n * sum_x2 - sum_x * sum_x;
+        let denom_y = n * sum_y2 - sum_y * sum_y;
+        let denom = (denom_x * denom_y).sqrt();
+
+        if denom == 0.0 || !denom.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(Error::DIV, cell, "Division by zero in RSQ".to_string());
+        }
+
+        let r = num / denom;
+        CalcResult::Number(r * r)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/phi.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, model::Model};
+
+impl Model {
+    // PHI(x) = standard normal PDF at x
+    pub(crate) fn fn_phi(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // Standard normal PDF: (1 / sqrt(2π)) * exp(-x^2 / 2)
+        let result = (-(x * x) / 2.0).exp() / (2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI).sqrt();
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/poisson.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Discrete, DiscreteCDF, Poisson};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // =POISSON.DIST(x, mean, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_poisson_dist(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        // x
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // mean (lambda)
+        let lambda = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x < 0.0 || lambda < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for POISSON.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        // Guard against insane k for u64
+        if x < 0.0 || x > (u64::MAX as f64) {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for POISSON.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let k = x as u64;
+
+        // Special-case lambda = 0: degenerate distribution at 0
+        if lambda == 0.0 {
+            let result = if cumulative {
+                // For x >= 0, P(X <= x) = 1
+                1.0
+            } else {
+                // P(X = 0) = 1, P(X = k>0) = 0
+                if k == 0 {
+                    1.0
+                } else {
+                    0.0
+                }
+            };
+            return CalcResult::Number(result);
+        }
+
+        let dist = match Poisson::new(lambda) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for POISSON.DIST".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let prob = if cumulative { dist.cdf(k) } else { dist.pmf(k) };
+
+        if !prob.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for POISSON.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(prob)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/rank_eq_avg.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // Helper to collect numeric values from the 2nd argument of RANK.*
+    fn collect_rank_values(
+        &mut self,
+        arg: &Node,
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<f64>, CalcResult> {
+        let values = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+            CalcResult::Array(array) => match self.values_from_array(array) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::VALUE,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: format!("Unsupported array argument: {}", e),
+                    })
+                }
+            },
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => self.values_from_range(left, right)?,
+            CalcResult::Boolean(value) => {
+                if !matches!(arg, Node::ReferenceKind { .. }) {
+                    vec![Some(if value { 1.0 } else { 0.0 })]
+                } else {
+                    return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NUM,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Unsupported argument type".to_string(),
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {
+                return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Unsupported argument type".to_string(),
+                })
+            }
+        };
+
+        let numeric_values: Vec<f64> = values.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+        Ok(numeric_values)
+    }
+
+    // RANK.EQ(number, ref, [order])
+    pub(crate) fn fn_rank_eq(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if !(2..=3).contains(&args.len()) {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        // number
+        let number = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // ref
+        let mut values = match self.collect_rank_values(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(v) => v,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if values.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No numeric values for RANK.EQ".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        // order: default 0 (descending)
+        let order = if args.len() == 2 {
+            0.0
+        } else {
+            match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+                Ok(f) => f,
+                Err(e) => return e,
+            }
+        };
+
+        values.retain(|v| !v.is_nan());
+
+        // "better" = greater (descending) or smaller (ascending)
+        let mut better = 0;
+        let mut equal = 0;
+
+        if order == 0.0 {
+            // descending
+            for v in &values {
+                if *v > number {
+                    better += 1;
+                } else if *v == number {
+                    equal += 1;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // ascending
+            for v in &values {
+                if *v < number {
+                    better += 1;
+                } else if *v == number {
+                    equal += 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if equal == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NA,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Number not found in reference for RANK.EQ".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let rank = (better as f64) + 1.0;
+        CalcResult::Number(rank)
+    }
+
+    // RANK.AVG(number, ref, [order])
+    pub(crate) fn fn_rank_avg(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if !(2..=3).contains(&args.len()) {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        // number
+        let number = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        // ref
+        let mut values = match self.collect_rank_values(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(v) => v,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if values.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "No numeric values for RANK.AVG".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        // order: default 0 (descending)
+        let order = if args.len() == 2 {
+            0.0
+        } else {
+            match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+                Ok(f) => f,
+                Err(e) => return e,
+            }
+        };
+
+        values.retain(|v| !v.is_nan());
+
+        // > or < depending on order
+        let mut better = 0;
+        let mut equal = 0;
+
+        if order == 0.0 {
+            // descending
+            for v in &values {
+                if *v > number {
+                    better += 1;
+                } else if *v == number {
+                    equal += 1;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // ascending
+            for v in &values {
+                if *v < number {
+                    better += 1;
+                } else if *v == number {
+                    equal += 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if equal == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NA,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Number not found in reference for RANK.AVG".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        // For ties, average of the ranks. If the equal values occupy positions
+        // (better+1) ..= (better+equal), the average is:
+        // better + (equal + 1) / 2
+        let better_f = better as f64;
+        let equal_f = equal as f64;
+        let rank = better_f + (equal_f + 1.0) / 2.0;
+
+        CalcResult::Number(rank)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/standard_dev.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+use crate::constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW};
+use crate::expressions::parser::ArrayNode;
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_stdev_p(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "STDEV.P with no numeric data".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / n;
+
+        // clamp tiny negatives from FP noise
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var.sqrt())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_stdev_s(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count <= 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "STDEV.S requires at least two numeric values".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / (n - 1.0);
+
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var.sqrt())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_stdeva(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::String(_) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, 0.0);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::Boolean(value) => {
+                                    let val = if value { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, val);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count <= 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "STDEVA requires at least two numeric values".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / (n - 1.0);
+
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var.sqrt())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_stdevpa(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::String(_) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, 0.0);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::Boolean(value) => {
+                                    let val = if value { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, val);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "STDEVPA with no numeric data".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / n;
+
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var.sqrt())
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/standardize.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_standardize(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        // STANDARDIZE(x, mean, standard_dev)
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let mean = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let std_dev = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if std_dev <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "standard_dev must be > 0 in STANDARDIZE".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let z = (x - mean) / std_dev;
+
+        CalcResult::Number(z)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/t_dist.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,588 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Continuous, ContinuousCDF, StudentsT};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+fn mean(xs: &[f64]) -> f64 {
+    let n = xs.len();
+    if n == 0 {
+        return 0.0;
+    }
+    let mut s = 0.0;
+    for &x in xs {
+        s += x;
+    }
+    s / (n as f64)
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn sample_var(xs: &[f64]) -> f64 {
+    let n = xs.len();
+    if n < 2 {
+        return 0.0;
+    }
+    let m = mean(xs);
+    let mut s = 0.0;
+    for &x in xs {
+        let d = x - m;
+        s += d * d;
+    }
+    s / ((n - 1) as f64)
+}
+
+enum TTestType {
+    Paired,
+    TwoSampleEqualVar,
+    TwoSampleUnequalVar,
+}
+
+enum TTestTails {
+    OneTailed,
+    TwoTailed,
+}
+
+impl Model {
+    // T.DIST(x, deg_freedom, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_t_dist(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "deg_freedom must be >= 1 in T.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match StudentsT::new(0.0, 1.0, df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for T.DIST".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(x) } else { dist.pdf(x) };
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for T.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // T.DIST.2T(x, deg_freedom)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_t_dist_2t(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "x must be >= 0 in T.DIST.2T".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        if df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "deg_freedom must be >= 1 in T.DIST.2T".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match StudentsT::new(0.0, 1.0, df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for T.DIST.2T".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let upper_tail = 1.0 - dist.cdf(x);
+        let mut result = 2.0 * upper_tail;
+
+        result = result.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for T.DIST.2T".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // T.DIST.RT(x, deg_freedom)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_t_dist_rt(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "deg_freedom must be >= 1 in T.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match StudentsT::new(0.0, 1.0, df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for T.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = 1.0 - dist.cdf(x);
+
+        if !result.is_finite() || result < 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for T.DIST.RT".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+
+    // T.INV(probability, deg_freedom)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_t_inv(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if p <= 0.0 || p >= 1.0 || df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for T.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match StudentsT::new(0.0, 1.0, df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for T.INV".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(p);
+
+        if !x.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for T.INV".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x)
+    }
+
+    // T.INV.2T(probability, deg_freedom)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_t_inv_2t(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 2 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let p = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let df = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f.trunc(),
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if p <= 0.0 || p > 1.0 || df < 1.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for T.INV.2T".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        let dist = match StudentsT::new(0.0, 1.0, df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for T.INV.2T".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Two-sided: F(x) = 1 - p/2
+        let target_cdf = 1.0 - p / 2.0;
+        let x = dist.inverse_cdf(target_cdf);
+
+        if !x.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for T.INV.2T".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(x.abs())
+    }
+
+    // T.TEST(array1, array2, tails, type)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_t_test(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let values1_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in first array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "First argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let values2_opts = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(a) => match self.values_from_array(a) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in second array: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Second argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let tails = match self.get_number(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => {
+                let tf = f.trunc();
+                if tf == 1.0 {
+                    TTestTails::OneTailed
+                } else if tf == 2.0 {
+                    TTestTails::TwoTailed
+                } else {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::NUM,
+                        cell,
+                        "tails must be 1 or 2".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+        let test_type = match self.get_number(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => {
+                let tf = f.trunc();
+                match tf {
+                    1.0 => TTestType::Paired,
+                    2.0 => TTestType::TwoSampleEqualVar,
+                    3.0 => TTestType::TwoSampleUnequalVar,
+                    _ => {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::NUM,
+                            cell,
+                            "type must be 1, 2, or 3".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let (values1, values2): (Vec<f64>, Vec<f64>) = if matches!(test_type, TTestType::Paired) {
+            values1_opts
+                .into_iter()
+                .zip(values2_opts)
+                .filter_map(|(o1, o2)| match (o1, o2) {
+                    (Some(v1), Some(v2)) => Some((v1, v2)),
+                    _ => None, // skip if either is None
+                })
+                .unzip()
+        } else {
+            // keep only numeric entries, ignore non-numeric (Option::None)
+            let v1: Vec<f64> = values1_opts.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+            let v2: Vec<f64> = values2_opts.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+            (v1, v2)
+        };
+
+        let n1 = values1.len();
+        let n2 = values2.len();
+
+        if n1 == 0 || n2 == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "T.TEST requires non-empty samples".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let (t_stat, df) = match test_type {
+            TTestType::Paired => {
+                if n1 != n2 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::NA,
+                        cell,
+                        "For paired T.TEST, both samples must have the same length".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+                if n1 < 2 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Paired T.TEST requires at least two pairs".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+
+                let mut diffs = Vec::with_capacity(n1);
+                for i in 0..n1 {
+                    diffs.push(values1[i] - values2[i]);
+                }
+
+                let nd = diffs.len();
+                let md = mean(&diffs);
+                let vd = sample_var(&diffs);
+                if vd <= 0.0 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Zero variance in paired T.TEST".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+                let sd = vd.sqrt();
+                let t_stat = md / (sd / (nd as f64).sqrt());
+                let df = (nd - 1) as f64;
+                (t_stat, df)
+            }
+
+            // 2: two-sample, equal variance (homoscedastic)
+            TTestType::TwoSampleEqualVar => {
+                if n1 < 2 || n2 < 2 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Two-sample T.TEST type 2 requires at least two values in each sample"
+                            .to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+
+                let m1 = mean(&values1);
+                let m2 = mean(&values2);
+                let v1 = sample_var(&values1);
+                let v2 = sample_var(&values2);
+
+                let df_i = (n1 + n2 - 2) as i32;
+                if df_i <= 0 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Degrees of freedom must be positive in T.TEST type 2".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+                let df = df_i as f64;
+
+                let sp2 = (((n1 - 1) as f64) * v1 + ((n2 - 1) as f64) * v2) / df; // pooled variance
+
+                if sp2 <= 0.0 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Zero pooled variance in T.TEST type 2".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+
+                let denom = (sp2 * (1.0 / (n1 as f64) + 1.0 / (n2 as f64))).sqrt();
+                if denom == 0.0 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Zero denominator in T.TEST type 2".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+
+                let t_stat = (m1 - m2) / denom;
+                (t_stat, df)
+            }
+
+            // two-sample, unequal variance (Welch)
+            TTestType::TwoSampleUnequalVar => {
+                if n1 < 2 || n2 < 2 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Two-sample T.TEST type 3 requires at least two values in each sample"
+                            .to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+
+                let m1 = mean(&values1);
+                let m2 = mean(&values2);
+                let v1 = sample_var(&values1);
+                let v2 = sample_var(&values2);
+
+                let s1n = v1 / (n1 as f64);
+                let s2n = v2 / (n2 as f64);
+                let denom = (s1n + s2n).sqrt();
+                if denom == 0.0 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Zero denominator in T.TEST type 3".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+
+                let t_stat = (m1 - m2) / denom;
+
+                let num_df = (s1n + s2n).powi(2);
+                let den_df = (s1n * s1n) / ((n1 - 1) as f64) + (s2n * s2n) / ((n2 - 1) as f64);
+                if den_df == 0.0 {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::DIV,
+                        cell,
+                        "Invalid degrees of freedom in T.TEST type 3".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+                let df = num_df / den_df;
+                (t_stat, df)
+            }
+        };
+
+        if df <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "Degrees of freedom must be positive in T.TEST".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let dist = match StudentsT::new(0.0, 1.0, df) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Invalid parameters for Student's t distribution".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let t_abs = t_stat.abs();
+        let cdf = dist.cdf(t_abs);
+
+        let mut p = match tails {
+            TTestTails::OneTailed => 1.0 - cdf,
+            TTestTails::TwoTailed => 2.0 * (1.0 - cdf),
+        };
+
+        // clamp tiny fp noise
+        if p < 0.0 && p > -1e-15 {
+            p = 0.0;
+        }
+        if p > 1.0 && p < 1.0 + 1e-15 {
+            p = 1.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(p)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/variance.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,518 @@
+use crate::constants::{LAST_COLUMN, LAST_ROW};
+use crate::expressions::parser::ArrayNode;
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    pub(crate) fn fn_var_p(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "VAR.P with no numeric data".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / n;
+
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_var_s(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count <= 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "VAR.S requires at least two numeric values".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / (n - 1.0);
+
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_vara(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..=row2 {
+                        for column in column1..=column2 {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::String(_) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, 0.0);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::Boolean(value) => {
+                                    let val = if value { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, val);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now (A semantics to be added)
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now (A semantics to be added)
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric for now (A semantics to be added)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count <= 1 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "VARA requires at least two numeric values".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / (n - 1.0);
+
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn fn_varpa(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.is_empty() {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut sumsq = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        #[inline]
+        fn accumulate(sum: &mut f64, sumsq: &mut f64, count: &mut u64, value: f64) {
+            *sum += value;
+            *sumsq += value * value;
+            *count += 1;
+        }
+
+        for arg in args {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                }
+                CalcResult::Range { left, right } => {
+                    if left.sheet != right.sheet {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::VALUE,
+                            cell,
+                            "Ranges are in different sheets".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    let row1 = left.row;
+                    let mut row2 = right.row;
+                    let column1 = left.column;
+                    let mut column2 = right.column;
+
+                    if row1 == 1 && row2 == LAST_ROW {
+                        row2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_row,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+                    if column1 == 1 && column2 == LAST_COLUMN {
+                        column2 = match self.workbook.worksheet(left.sheet) {
+                            Ok(s) => s.dimension().max_column,
+                            Err(_) => {
+                                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                                    Error::ERROR,
+                                    cell,
+                                    format!("Invalid worksheet index: '{}'", left.sheet),
+                                );
+                            }
+                        };
+                    }
+
+                    for row in row1..row2 + 1 {
+                        for column in column1..(column2 + 1) {
+                            match self.evaluate_cell(CellReferenceIndex {
+                                sheet: left.sheet,
+                                row,
+                                column,
+                            }) {
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::String(_) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, 0.0);
+                                }
+                                CalcResult::Boolean(value) => {
+                                    let val = if value { 1.0 } else { 0.0 };
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, val);
+                                }
+                                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                CalcResult::Array(array) => {
+                    for row in array {
+                        for value in row {
+                            match value {
+                                ArrayNode::Number(value) => {
+                                    accumulate(&mut sum, &mut sumsq, &mut count, value);
+                                }
+                                ArrayNode::Error(error) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Error in array".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                _ => {
+                                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    // ignore non-numeric for now
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "VARPA with no numeric data".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mut var = (sumsq - (sum * sum) / n) / n;
+
+        if var < 0.0 && var > -1e-12 {
+            var = 0.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(var)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/weibull.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{Continuous, ContinuousCDF, Weibull};
+
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, expressions::token::Error, model::Model,
+};
+
+impl Model {
+    // WEIBULL.DIST(x, alpha, beta, cumulative)
+    pub(crate) fn fn_weibull_dist(
+        &mut self,
+        args: &[Node],
+        cell: CellReferenceIndex,
+    ) -> CalcResult {
+        if args.len() != 4 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let x = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[0], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let alpha = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[1], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let beta = match self.get_number_no_bools(&args[2], cell) {
+            Ok(f) => f,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        let cumulative = match self.get_boolean(&args[3], cell) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => return e,
+        };
+
+        if x < 0.0 || alpha <= 0.0 || beta <= 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid parameters for WEIBULL.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        // statrs::Weibull: shape = k (alpha), scale = lambda (beta)
+        let dist = match Weibull::new(alpha, beta) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NUM,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Invalid parameters for WEIBULL.DIST".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        let result = if cumulative { dist.cdf(x) } else { dist.pdf(x) };
+
+        if !result.is_finite() {
+            return CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NUM,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Invalid result for WEIBULL.DIST".to_string(),
+            };
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(result)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/statistical/z_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+use statrs::distribution::{ContinuousCDF, Normal};
+
+use crate::expressions::token::Error;
+use crate::expressions::types::CellReferenceIndex;
+use crate::{calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::parser::Node, model::Model};
+
+impl Model {
+    // Z.TEST(array, x, [sigma])
+    pub(crate) fn fn_z_test(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
+        // 2 or 3 arguments
+        if args.len() < 2 || args.len() > 3 {
+            return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
+        }
+
+        let array_arg = self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell);
+
+        // Flatten first argument into Vec<Option<f64>> (numeric / non-numeric)
+        let values = match array_arg {
+            CalcResult::Range { left, right } => match self.values_from_range(left, right) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => return error,
+            },
+            CalcResult::Array(array) => match self.values_from_array(array) {
+                Ok(v) => v,
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        format!("Error in array argument: {:?}", error),
+                    );
+                }
+            },
+            CalcResult::Number(v) => vec![Some(v)],
+            error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Z.TEST first argument must be a range or array".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Collect basic stats on numeric entries
+        let mut sum = 0.0;
+        let mut count: u64 = 0;
+
+        for x in values.iter().flatten() {
+            sum += x;
+            count += 1;
+        }
+
+        // Excel: if array has no numeric values -> #N/A
+        if count == 0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::NA,
+                cell,
+                "Z.TEST array has no numeric data".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let n = count as f64;
+        let mean = sum / n;
+
+        // x argument (hypothesized population mean)
+        let x_value = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
+            CalcResult::Number(v) => v,
+            error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+            _ => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::VALUE,
+                    cell,
+                    "Z.TEST second argument (x) must be numeric".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Optional sigma
+        let mut sigma: Option<f64> = None;
+        if args.len() == 3 {
+            match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[2], cell) {
+                CalcResult::Number(v) => {
+                    if v == 0.0 {
+                        return CalcResult::new_error(
+                            Error::NUM,
+                            cell,
+                            "Z.TEST sigma cannot be zero".to_string(),
+                        );
+                    }
+                    sigma = Some(v);
+                }
+                error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
+                _ => {
+                    return CalcResult::new_error(
+                        Error::VALUE,
+                        cell,
+                        "Z.TEST sigma (third argument) must be numeric".to_string(),
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If sigma omitted, use sample standard deviation STDEV(array)
+        let sigma_value = if let Some(s) = sigma {
+            s
+        } else {
+            // Excel: if only one numeric value and sigma omitted -> #DIV/0!
+            if count <= 1 {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::DIV,
+                    cell,
+                    "Z.TEST requires at least two values when sigma is omitted".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+
+            // Compute sum of squared deviations
+            let mut sumsq_dev = 0.0;
+            for x in values.iter().flatten() {
+                let d = x - mean;
+                sumsq_dev += d * d;
+            }
+
+            let var = sumsq_dev / (n - 1.0);
+            if var <= 0.0 {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::DIV,
+                    cell,
+                    "Z.TEST standard deviation is zero".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+
+            var.sqrt()
+        };
+
+        // Compute z statistic: (mean - x) / (sigma / sqrt(n))
+        let denom = sigma_value / n.sqrt();
+        if denom == 0.0 {
+            return CalcResult::new_error(
+                Error::DIV,
+                cell,
+                "Z.TEST denominator is zero".to_string(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let z = (mean - x_value) / denom;
+
+        // Standard normal CDF
+        let dist = match Normal::new(0.0, 1.0) {
+            Ok(d) => d,
+            Err(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::new_error(
+                    Error::NUM,
+                    cell,
+                    "Cannot create standard normal distribution in Z.TEST".to_string(),
+                );
+            }
+        };
+
+        let mut p = 1.0 - dist.cdf(z);
+
+        // clamp tiny FP noise
+        if p < 0.0 && p > -1e-15 {
+            p = 0.0;
+        }
+        if p > 1.0 && p < 1.0 + 1e-15 {
+            p = 1.0;
+        }
+
+        CalcResult::Number(p)
+    }
+}

base/src/functions/subtotal.rs

@@ -182,6 +182,13 @@ impl Model {
                             }
                         }
                         CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => result.push(0.0),
+                        CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                            return Err(CalcResult::Error {
+                                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                                origin: cell,
+                                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                            })
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -426,6 +433,13 @@ impl Model {
                         | CalcResult::Number(_)
                         | CalcResult::Boolean(_)
                         | CalcResult::Error { .. } => counta += 1,
+                        CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                            return CalcResult::Error {
+                                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                                origin: cell,
+                                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                            }
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }

base/src/functions/text.rs

@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ impl Model {
         let mut result = "".to_string();
         for arg in args {
             match self.evaluate_node_in_context(arg, cell) {
-                CalcResult::String(value) => result = format!("{}{}", result, value),
-                CalcResult::Number(value) => result = format!("{}{}", result, value),
+                CalcResult::String(value) => result = format!("{result}{value}"),
+                CalcResult::Number(value) => result = format!("{result}{value}"),
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => {}
                 CalcResult::Boolean(value) => {
                     if value {
-                        result = format!("{}TRUE", result);
+                        result = format!("{result}TRUE");
                     } else {
-                        result = format!("{}FALSE", result);
+                        result = format!("{result}FALSE");
                     }
                 }
                 error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
@@ -82,25 +82,37 @@ impl Model {
                                 column,
                             }) {
                                 CalcResult::String(value) => {
-                                    result = format!("{}{}", result, value);
-                                }
-                                CalcResult::Number(value) => {
-                                    result = format!("{}{}", result, value)
+                                    result = format!("{result}{value}");
                                 }
+                                CalcResult::Number(value) => result = format!("{result}{value}"),
                                 CalcResult::Boolean(value) => {
                                     if value {
-                                        result = format!("{}TRUE", result);
+                                        result = format!("{result}TRUE");
                                     } else {
-                                        result = format!("{}FALSE", result);
+                                        result = format!("{result}FALSE");
                                     }
                                 }
                                 error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
                                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => {}
                                 CalcResult::Range { .. } => {}
+                                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
                             }
                         }
                     }
                 }
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
         }
         CalcResult::String(result)
@@ -125,6 +137,13 @@ impl Model {
                     };
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => 0.0,
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
             let format_code = match self.get_string(&args[1], cell) {
                 Ok(s) => s,
@@ -261,7 +280,7 @@ impl Model {
     pub(crate) fn fn_len(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
         if args.len() == 1 {
             let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
                 CalcResult::String(v) => v,
                 CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                     if b {
@@ -280,6 +299,13 @@ impl Model {
                     };
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
             return CalcResult::Number(s.chars().count() as f64);
         }
@@ -289,7 +315,7 @@ impl Model {
     pub(crate) fn fn_trim(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
         if args.len() == 1 {
             let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
                 CalcResult::String(v) => v,
                 CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                     if b {
@@ -308,6 +334,13 @@ impl Model {
                     };
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
             return CalcResult::String(s.trim().to_owned());
         }
@@ -317,7 +350,7 @@ impl Model {
     pub(crate) fn fn_lower(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
         if args.len() == 1 {
             let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
                 CalcResult::String(v) => v,
                 CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                     if b {
@@ -336,6 +369,13 @@ impl Model {
                     };
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
             return CalcResult::String(s.to_lowercase());
         }
@@ -345,7 +385,7 @@ impl Model {
     pub(crate) fn fn_unicode(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
         if args.len() == 1 {
             let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
                 CalcResult::String(v) => v,
                 CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                     if b {
@@ -370,6 +410,13 @@ impl Model {
                         message: "Empty cell".to_string(),
                     }
                 }
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
 
             match s.chars().next() {
@@ -392,7 +439,7 @@ impl Model {
     pub(crate) fn fn_upper(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
         if args.len() == 1 {
             let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+                CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
                 CalcResult::String(v) => v,
                 CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                     if b {
@@ -411,6 +458,13 @@ impl Model {
                     };
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
             return CalcResult::String(s.to_uppercase());
         }
@@ -422,7 +476,7 @@ impl Model {
             return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
         }
         let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-            CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+            CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
             CalcResult::String(v) => v,
             CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                 if b {
@@ -441,6 +495,13 @@ impl Model {
                 };
             }
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
         };
         let num_chars = if args.len() == 2 {
             match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
@@ -471,6 +532,13 @@ impl Model {
                     };
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => 0,
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             }
         } else {
             1
@@ -490,7 +558,7 @@ impl Model {
             return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
         }
         let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-            CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+            CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
             CalcResult::String(v) => v,
             CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                 if b {
@@ -509,6 +577,13 @@ impl Model {
                 };
             }
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
         };
         let num_chars = if args.len() == 2 {
             match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
@@ -539,6 +614,13 @@ impl Model {
                     };
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => 0,
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             }
         } else {
             1
@@ -558,7 +640,7 @@ impl Model {
             return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);
         }
         let s = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[0], cell) {
-            CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{}", v),
+            CalcResult::Number(v) => format!("{v}"),
             CalcResult::String(v) => v,
             CalcResult::Boolean(b) => {
                 if b {
@@ -577,6 +659,13 @@ impl Model {
                 };
             }
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => "".to_string(),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
         };
         let start_num = match self.evaluate_node_in_context(&args[1], cell) {
             CalcResult::Number(v) => {
@@ -641,6 +730,13 @@ impl Model {
                 };
             }
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => 0,
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                return CalcResult::Error {
+                    error: Error::NIMPL,
+                    origin: cell,
+                    message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                }
+            }
         };
         let mut result = "".to_string();
         let mut count: usize = 0;
@@ -983,6 +1079,13 @@ impl Model {
                                 }
                                 error @ CalcResult::Error { .. } => return error,
                                 CalcResult::EmptyArg | CalcResult::Range { .. } => {}
+                                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                                        origin: cell,
+                                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                                    }
+                                }
                             }
                         }
                     }
@@ -1002,6 +1105,13 @@ impl Model {
                     }
                 }
                 CalcResult::EmptyArg => {}
+                CalcResult::Array(_) => {
+                    return CalcResult::Error {
+                        error: Error::NIMPL,
+                        origin: cell,
+                        message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+                    }
+                }
             };
         }
         let result = values.join(&delimiter);
@@ -1125,6 +1235,11 @@ impl Model {
                 }
             }
             CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => CalcResult::Number(0.0),
+            CalcResult::Array(_) => CalcResult::Error {
+                error: Error::NIMPL,
+                origin: cell,
+                message: "Arrays not supported yet".to_string(),
+            },
         }
     }
 

base/src/functions/util.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 #[cfg(feature = "use_regex_lite")]
 use regex_lite as regex;
 
-use crate::{calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::token::is_english_error_string};
+use crate::{
+    calc_result::CalcResult, expressions::token::is_english_error_string,
+    number_format::to_excel_precision,
+};
 
 /// This test for exact match (modulo case).
 ///   * strings are not cast into bools or numbers
@@ -34,6 +37,8 @@ pub(crate) fn values_are_equal(left: &CalcResult, right: &CalcResult) -> bool {
 pub(crate) fn compare_values(left: &CalcResult, right: &CalcResult) -> i32 {
     match (left, right) {
         (CalcResult::Number(value1), CalcResult::Number(value2)) => {
+            let value1 = to_excel_precision(*value1, 15);
+            let value2 = to_excel_precision(*value2, 15);
             if (value2 - value1).abs() < f64::EPSILON {
                 return 0;
             }
@@ -110,7 +115,7 @@ pub(crate) fn from_wildcard_to_regex(
 
     // And we have a valid Perl regex! (As Kim Kardashian said before me: "I know, right?")
     if exact {
-        return regex::Regex::new(&format!("^{}$", reg));
+        return regex::Regex::new(&format!("^{reg}$"));
     }
     regex::Regex::new(reg)
 }
@@ -393,10 +398,8 @@ pub(crate) fn build_criteria<'a>(value: &'a CalcResult) -> Box<dyn Fn(&CalcResul
             // An error will match an error (never a string that is an error)
             Box::new(move |x| result_is_equal_to_error(x, &error.to_string()))
         }
-        CalcResult::Range { left: _, right: _ } => {
-            // TODO: Implicit Intersection
-            Box::new(move |_x| false)
-        }
+        CalcResult::Range { left: _, right: _ } => Box::new(move |_x| false),
+        CalcResult::Array(_) => Box::new(move |_x| false),
         CalcResult::EmptyCell | CalcResult::EmptyArg => Box::new(result_is_equal_to_empty),
     }
 }

base/src/functions/xlookup.rs

@@ -141,9 +141,9 @@ impl Model {
     ///   *  1 - Perform a search starting at the first item. This is the default.
     ///   * -1 - Perform a reverse search starting at the last item.
     ///   *  2 - Perform a binary search that relies on lookup_array being sorted
-    ///          in ascending order. If not sorted, invalid results will be returned.
+    ///      in ascending order. If not sorted, invalid results will be returned.
     ///   * -2 - Perform a binary search that relies on lookup_array being sorted
-    ///          in descending order. If not sorted, invalid results will be returned.
+    ///     in descending order. If not sorted, invalid results will be returned.
     pub(crate) fn fn_xlookup(&mut self, args: &[Node], cell: CellReferenceIndex) -> CalcResult {
         if args.len() < 3 || args.len() > 6 {
             return CalcResult::new_args_number_error(cell);

base/src/language/mod.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::OnceLock};
 
 use bitcode::{Decode, Encode};
-use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
 
 #[derive(Encode, Decode, Clone)]
 pub struct Booleans {
@@ -31,14 +30,17 @@ pub struct Language {
     pub errors: Errors,
 }
 
+static LANGUAGES: OnceLock<HashMap<String, Language>> = OnceLock::new();
+
 #[allow(clippy::expect_used)]
-static LANGUAGES: Lazy<HashMap<String, Language>> = Lazy::new(|| {
-    bitcode::decode(include_bytes!("language.bin")).expect("Failed parsing language file")
-});
+fn get_languages() -> &'static HashMap<String, Language> {
+    LANGUAGES.get_or_init(|| {
+        bitcode::decode(include_bytes!("language.bin")).expect("Failed parsing language file")
+    })
+}
 
 pub fn get_language(id: &str) -> Result<&Language, String> {
-    let language = LANGUAGES
+    get_languages()
         .get(id)
-        .ok_or(format!("Language is not supported: '{}'", id))?;
-    Ok(language)
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("Language is not supported: '{id}'"))
 }